One of the key issues in research on criminal desistance is the impossibility of stating with any degree of certainty that an offender's criminal career is in fact over. When no clear demarcation line can be established for the precise moment when criminal activity has ended, researchers instead distinguish between the cessation of criminal behaviour and the process of desistance. A second issue lies in the contradictions inherent in explanatory theories on desistance that focus either on agents or, conversely, on the structures that provoke and support the process of change. An integrative theoretical framework on criminal desistance, influenced by the work of Margaret Archer (1995, 2000, 2002) and showing the interplay between structures and agents, can be found elsewhere (F.-Dufour, Brassard, and Martel, forthcoming). The application of this framework to empirical data collected from 29 Canadian offenders serving conditional sentences reveals the existence of three distinct processes leading to desistance among those we metaphorically call the transformed, the remorseful and the rescued.

The process underlying desistance is still a strong subject of debate. This article seeks to introduce several core concepts of Archer's morphogenic approach to study how people desist from crime. At first, it discusses the primary existing theories of desistance. Then, this article demonstrates the usefulness of this approach by presenting empirical evidence drawn from semistructured interviews collected with 29 men who desisted from crime in an eastern province of Canada. The study demonstrates how this alternative approach allows for the consolidation of existing knowledge on desistance. Then implication of these findings for both theory and practice are discussed.

Despite the growing number of studies on assisted desistance, none has been made yet to identify the conclusive aspects of this process. This scoping review shows that informal interventions in assisted desistance help develop new ways to perceive oneself and one's social bonds (or to create new ones) and contribute to the emergence of new identities. We do not know, however, if they contribute to the adoption of a new way of living. Research avenues are suggested, with a view to outlining the long-term effects of informal intervention programs offered to violators in the socio-penal system.

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Current research often relies on measures of recidivism to evaluate the effectiveness of formal criminal justice system interventions. Such studies, however, do not provide information on desistance from crime, that is, on how such interventions can help maintaining abstinence from offending and assist desisters in their efforts to change. This scoping review argues that formal agents (such as probation officers) can play a part in supporting desistance by providing practical help and resources based on desisters’ needs, and can assist in changes in self‐identity through sustained positive feedback and encouragement. We propose a model of assisted desistance to conceptualise the effects of formal agents on desistance processes. The mandatory context of interventions, the fragile balance between legalistic and therapeutic roles, as well as the processes of desistance outside of the criminal justice system are considered. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed.

Deferred custody and supervision order, an intermediate sanction which came into effect in 2003, had never been the subject of a scientific study. In the absence of research data, judges would give the sentence without knowing the outcome. To fill this gap, this study presents the failure rates (technical violations, revocations and new-crime violations) and success rates of all young Quebecers who completed a deferred custody and supervision order between 1 June 2003 and 31 May 2012. As with studies that examined similar sentences elsewhere in the world, success rates are relatively low. Suggestions are made to limit failures associated with this type of juvenile intermediate sanctions.

Un nombre grandissant d’études sur le désistement ont permis de déterminer le ou les processus qui conduisent à l’abandon de la « carrière criminelle ». On reconnaît généralement que ces processus peuvent être facilités (ou contrecarrés) par l’agent de probation chargé du suivi du désisteur. Or, il y a encore peu d’études ayant porté sur le rôle des agents de probation dans le processus de désistement du crime et, généralement, celles qui existent sont centrées sur l’étape de désistement primaire (arrêt des comportements criminels). Cet article illustre le point de vue de 22 désisteurs secondaires (changement identitaire) sur les interventions facilitantes (ou non) offertes par leurs agents de probation lors de leur emprisonnement avec sursis. Les résultats indiquent que la perception de ces interventions varie selon le type de processus de désistement du crime emprunté par les sursitaires.

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