Pressures from various interests towards Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park have potential to trigger of damage on mangrove ecosystem. The study aims to identify the utilization of mangroves at Ngurah Rai Grand Forest ABSTRAKAdanya tekanan dari berbagai kepentingan terhadap kawasan Tahura Ngurah Rai berpotensi menjadi penyebab kerusakan tanaman mangrove yang menyebabkan perubahan ekosistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan: mengidentifikasi pemanfaatan mangrove oleh masyarakat; mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal dalam pengelolaan mangrove; dan menentukan strategi pengelolaan mangrove. Analisis SWOT digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua faktor internal tertinggi yang menjadi kekuatan pengelolaan mangrove di Bali adalah lokasi yang strategis dan merupakan ekosistem mangrove terbesar di Bali. Sedangkan faktor internal yang menjadi kelemahan adalah banyaknya sampah dan lumpur serta adanya sedimentasi di Tahura bagian hilir. Faktor-faktor eksternal yang menjadi peluang pengelolaan mangrove yaitu wisatawan yang terus meningkat dan lokasi yang dekat dengan objek wisata lain. Sedangkan yang menjadi ancaman pengelolaan adalah adanya kepentingan pihak-pihak tertentu yang cenderung mengurangi keberadaan dan kelestarian hutan mangrove, pembuangan sampah di daerah hulu yang masih terjadi, dan pembangunan infrastruktur di sekitar. Lima strategi pengelolaan mangrove di Bali adalah implementasi dan penegakan aturan yang jelas, terkait zonasi dan regulasi yang menyertainya; pengelolaan sampah dan pengendalian pencemaran; penyuluhan dan pendidikan lingkungan terhadap masyarakat; perencanaan pembangunan strategis yang mempertimbangkan daya dukung dan daya tampung mangrove; pengembangan pariwisata yang melibatkan masyarakat dan kearifan lokal.
This study aims to determine replanting potential and marketing channels of rubber wood and the influence of rubber prices on the revenues of rubber wood supplier. As a case study, the study was conducted in Sembawa Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra. Data was collected through interview technique with respondent by using structured questionnaire. The respondents consisted of rubber smallholders and large estate that undertake rubber replanting, as well as rubber wood suppliers who take rubber wood from rubber replanting. Respondents were selected purposively. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results indicated that the minimum rubber replanting area per annum was 917 hectare with the rubber wood potential resulted from such replanting was 73,360 m 3 per year. The observed marketing channels of rubber wood was planters-suppliers-wood processing factories / brick industries. The incomes of rubber wood supplier were influenced by rubber resin prices changes. The rubber prices declined by 40%, the supplier's incomes of rubber wood from large estates was also decreased by 59%, and the suppliers' incomes of rubber wood from smallholder decreased by 54%.
SThe wood production of sengon in Wonosobo increased until 2007 which was followed by the price increse in several level of market chains as well. The increase demand of sengon wood is caused by the decrease of wood supply from the natural forest in outside of Java, the decrease of of woof production from Java state forest (Perum Perhutani) ABSTRAKProduksi kayu sengon rakyat di Wonosobo mengalami peningkatan terutama hingga tahun 2007 diiringi dengan peningkatan harga pada berbagai tingkat pelaku usaha sengon. Peningkatan permintaan kayu sengon diduga disebabkan oleh semakin berkurangnya pasokan kayu dari luar jawa, menurunnya produksi kayu dari kawasan hutan negara (Perum Perhutani) dan semakin meningkatnya pangsa pasar dan jumlah unit industri yang membutuhkan bahan baku kayu sengon untuk berbagai jenis produk seperti kayu bangunan, moulding, papan lamina dan kayu lapis. Hal tersebut menyebabkan kenaikan harga kayu sengon di setiap titik daripada rantai tata niaga kayu semgon di Kabupaten Wonosobo dan Temanggung, dimana pelaku pemasaran kayu sengon terdiri atas petani, penebas, depo, supplier dan industri. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh gambaran bahwa share keuntungan paling rendah diterima oleh petani. Guna menjaga ksinambungan usaha hutan rakyat sengon, maka diperlukan upaya perlindungan kepada petani dari pihak pemerintah dan upaya penguatan kelembagaan petani misalnya dengan membentuk kelembagaan usaha bersama (mitra) antara petani dengan pihak pengusaha industri Naskah diterima :
REDD+ carbon market can be an incentive for implementation of REDD+ actors in the field. The facing problem is the high of market uncertainty due to the unavailability of carbon transaction mechanism. The commitment of local government, relatively high as indicated by the formulation of regulations that support the REDD+ implementation. Activity within REDD+ framework mainly is in order to maintain forest sustainability, revenue from carbon trading will be giving out additional benefit if carbon market occurred. Local government has not understood well on the carbon market procedure or its mechanism including carbon standard and methodology for producing carbon credit. Incentives for the achievement of emissions reductions are more likely based on their roles in the sustainable forest management/improvement community's welfare instead of carbon credit. However, at the local level there are some voluntary forest carbon payment initiatives. The amount of proportion should consider sharing investment costs, both between donors (buyers) and government. Registry agency need to be established in order to manage activities, oversee achievement of emission reduction, and facilitate the implementation of REDD+ in the field, and should have a task to set up a system of incentives and disincentives in the management leakage risk and non-permanence.
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