We developed a new plasmonic nanostripe microcone array
(PNMA)
substrate-integrated microfluidic chip for the simultaneous surface-enhanced
Raman scattering (SERS)-based immunoassay of the creatine kinase MB
isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin (cTnI) cardiac markers. The
conventional immunoassay usually employs a microtiter plate as the
solid capture plate to form the immunocomplexes. However, the two-dimensional
(2D) surface of the microtiter plate limits the capture efficiency
of the target antigens due to the steric hindrance effect. To address
this issue, a gold film-coated microcone array with nanostripes was
developed that can provide a large surface area for capture antibody
conjugation and serve as a SERS-active substrate. This unique nano–microhierarchical
structure showed an excellent light trapping effect and induced surface
plasmon resonance to further enhance the Raman signals of the SERS
nanoprobes. It significantly improved the sensitivity and applicability
of SERS-based immunoassay on the microfluidic chip. With this integrated
microfluidic chip, we successfully performed the simultaneous detection
of CK-MB and cTnI, and the detection limit can reach 0.01 ng mL–1. It is believed that the PNMA substrate-integrated
microfluidic chip would play a critical role in the rapid and sensitive
diagnostics of cardiac diseases.
High precision geometric measurement of free-form surfaces has become the key to high-performance manufacturing in the manufacturing industry. By designing a reasonable sampling plan, the economic measurement of free-form surfaces can be realized. This paper proposes an adaptive hybrid sampling method for free-form surfaces based on geodesic distance. The free-form surfaces are divided into segments, and the sum of the geodesic distance of each surface segment is taken as the global fluctuation index of free-form surfaces. The number and location of the sampling points for each free-form surface segment are reasonably distributed. Compared with the common methods, this method can significantly reduce the reconstruction error under the same sampling points. This method overcomes the shortcomings of the current commonly used method of taking curvature as the local fluctuation index of free-form surfaces, and provides a new perspective for the adaptive sampling of free-form surfaces.
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