resUmo: A palmeira Guariroba (Syagrus oleracea Becc.) é a única espécie produtora de palmito amargo o qual é muito apreciado na culinária Goiana, podendo também ser utilizada na alimentação animal e paisagismo, porém ainda é pouco estudada. A germinação lenta e desuniforme das sementes acarreta problemas na propagação dessa espécie, dificultando, principalmente, a produção de mudas em escala comercial. Nesta pesquisa, objetivou-se avaliar diferentes tratamentos destinados a reduzir o estado de dormência e, consequentemente, acelerar o período germinativo de sementes de guariroba no sentido de desenvolver técnicas de fácil metodologia para serem utilizadas na agricultura familiar. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com três repetições, em esquema fatorial 2x7, envolvendo dois fatores em estudo, semente (despolpada e não despolpada) e diferentes métodos de tratamento das sementes (7 métodos). Em uma segunda etapa, verificou-se a interferência da coleobroca na germinação das sementes, contabilizando as sementes atacadas em cada tratamento, avaliadas após a emergência. Os resultados observados mostram que os tratamentos a baixas temperaturas diminuem significativamente a germinação de sementes de guariroba e que o despolpamento das sementes promovem uma redução no tempo de germinação. Ainda foi constatado que uma redução da umidade até 8% não prejudica a germinação de sementes de guariroba e que a absorção de água pelas sementes é influenciada diretamente pelo tempo de permanência das mesmas em embebição, ocorrendo de forma independente da presença ou não de polpa. Nenhum dos tratamentos estudados mostrou efeito na redução do ataque da coleobroca.Palavras-chave: Guariroba, germinação, palmito amargo, embebição de sementes, desenvolvimento. effects of different treatments on dormancY of Syagrus oleraces Becc Palm seeds ABSTRACT: The Guariroba Palm (Syagrus oleraces Becc) is the only species known as producer of bitter palm heart, which is very appreciated in Goiânia cooking and can also be used in animal feeding and landscaping; however, it is little studied. The slow and uneven germination of seeds cause problems in the propagation of this species, thus complicating mainly the seedling production at a commercial scale. This study evaluated different treatments to reduce the dormancy state and consequently to speed up the germination period of guariroba palm seeds and looking for techniques of easy comprehension and application by small farmers. The experimental design was in completely randomized
-The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) accessions from 35 municipalities of the state of Goiás, Brazil, in order to obtain information about the genetic variability and to provide subsidies for the commercial deployment of the culture in the Midwestern region of Brazil. The bunches were harvested with ripe fruits. The following were evaluated: fruit and almond lengths and diameters; the weights of fruits and almonds; the average number of almonds, as well as the oil contents in the almond and in the dehydrated fruit. The parameters that indicated significant contributions to the variability were fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, and oil content in the almond.Index terms: Acrocomia aculeata, agroenergy, almond quality, biodiesel, divergence, oleaginous seed. Diversidade genética de frutos de macaúba provenientes de 35 municípios de GoiásResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética de acessos de macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) provenientes de 35 municípios de Goiás, a fim de obter informações sobre a variabilidade genética e fornecer subsídios para implantação comercial da cultura na região Centro-Oeste. Procedeu-se à colheita dos cachos com frutos maduros. Foram avaliados: os comprimentos e os diâmetros dos frutos e das amêndoas; os pesos dos frutos e das amêndoas; o número médio de amêndoas; bem como os teores de óleo na amêndoa e no fruto desidratado. Os parâmetros que indicaram contribuições significativas para a variabilidade foram peso do fruto, largura do fruto, comprimento do fruto e teor de óleo na amêndoa.Termos para indexação: Acrocomia aculeata, agroenergia, qualidade da amêndoa, biodiesel, divergência, semente oleaginosa.The search for viable alternatives for replacing fossil fuels by biodiesel is a growing concern, especially in relation to global climate change (Pimentel et al., 2016). The macaúba -Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. -has been used as a raw material in the production of biofuels due to its high content of oil in the fruit, production of various energy residues, besides being a native perennial plant found naturally in almost all the Brazilian territory (Pimentel et al., 2015, Evaristo et al., 2016. The oil of the macaúba mesocarp is rich in oleic acid, and is demanded by both the food and the agroenergy industry (Coimbra & Jorge, 2011).Currently, a large part of macaúba cultivation is restricted to extractive activity, and the few plantations are not yet in full production, and others in some research centers (Oliveira et al., 2016). These research centers in Brazil have been evaluating the genetic potential of different genotypes through quantitative and qualitative analyses as well as physical and chemical analysis of macaúba fruits (Matsimbe et al., 2015).Thus, the macaúba is considered of great interest by the scientific community, especially for its oleaginous property, in relation to the possibility of obtaining genetically superior materials. This results in the identificatio...
BRS 425 is a high-oleic runner peanut cultivar related to wild ancestral parents, partially resistant to early and late leaf spot and spotted wilt. It is large-seeded and contains 46% oil. BRS 425 is adapted to the main peanutproducing regions of Brazil.
RESUMO -Uma das ameaças ao cerrado é a exploração de certas espécies nativas, que tem sido feita de forma extrativista e muitas vezes predatória, tornando-se imprescindíveis ações no sentido de se fazer o cultivo e domesticação destas espécies. Dentre as inúmeras frutíferas nativas que possuem alto potencial para exploração comercial, destaca-se a gabirobeira, que se encontra sob forte pressão devido ao impacto causado pela fragmentação das suas populações, seja pelo extrativismo inadequado, ou pela expansão das fronteiras agrícolas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de ácido indolbutírico na sobrevivência, brotação e enraizamento de estacas de gabirobeira. Foram coletadas estacas lenhosas de gabirobeiras da coleção do banco de germoplasma de Campomanesia spp. da UFG-Regional Jataí. Utilizaram-se estacas das espécies Campomanesia adamantium e Campomanesia pubescens segmentadas em ramos de 15 cm de comprimento contendo um par de folhas na parte apical e selecionadas as estacas que apresentavam diâmetro médio de 2,8 6 ± 1,29 cm. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado para cada espécie em estudo com 5 tratamentos e 4 repetições com 8 estacas/parcela. Os tratamentos foram compostos por 0, 800, 1600, 2400 e 3200 mg/L de Ácido indolbutírico (AIB). As estacas foram tratadas nas doses de Ácido indolbutírico (AIB), com 15 segundos de imersão. Após tratamento com AIB as estacas foram plantadas em bandejas de isopor com as bases perfuradas contendo como substrato areia lavada. Durante todo o período experimental foi utilizado o sistema de nebulização intermitente. Sessenta dias após a instalação do experimento as estacas foram avaliadas, quanto a Brotação, sobrevivência das estacas, porcentagem de enraizamento e porcentagem de calejamento. O uso de AIB em estacas de gabirobeiras proporcionou maior percentagem de brotação bem como maior sobrevivência das estacas, porém não proveu enraizamento.Palavras-chave: Campomanesia adamantium, Campomanesia pubescens, cerrado, fruteira nativa, propagação. GABIROBEIRAS PROPAGATION BY CUTTING THE ASSOCIATED INDOLBUTYRIC ACID
Studies related to environmental pollution, carbon monoxide levels and smoking need to be deepened, especially in the case of traffic workers. Therefore, the objective was to verify the association between environmental carbon monoxide and carboxyhemoglobin levels among smoking and non-smoking motorcycle taxi drivers. A longitudinal epidemiological study was carried out with 95 motorcycle taxi drivers with measurement of the environmental carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin in the exhaled air in three moments with interval of six months, between June 2014 and March 2015, as well as sociodemographic and occupational characteristics of these workers. The seasons of the year presented different carbon monoxide averages (p <0.05), with higher levels in the spring and lower in the autumn, while carboxyhemoglobin levels among smokers and non-smokers were high in the winter, fair in the spring and low in the autumn. Statistical differences were observed between subgroups: between autumn and spring for nonsmokers (p = 0.024) and between winter and autumn for smokers (p = 0.042). There was a positive correlation between carbon monoxide and carboxyhemoglobin levels for non-smokers (r s = 0.9983; p < 0.01). Environmental pollution represented different levels in the four seasons of the year and significant association with carboxyhemoglobin levels.Thecarboxyhemoglobin levels were higher among smokers, with statistical significance between winter and fall seasons, while non-smokers presented normal levels, whatconfirms the direct influence of tobacco in carboxyhemoglobin levels.
BRS 421' and 'BRS 423' are high-oleic runner type peanut cultivars, adapted to the main peanut-producing areas in Brazil and partially resistant to spotted wilt. 'BRS 421' has a medium cycle and large seed size, while BRS '423' has a short cycle and regular runner seed size.
Plant hormesis is a phenomenon that involves the presence of toxic compounds at high doses but can be beneficial at low doses. Thus, the aim of this study was to use dose-response curves to assess the effect of hormesis caused by sub-toxic of 2,4-D choline herbicide on biometric variables of cotton plants. The study adopted a completely randomized experimental design with seven replications, and the treatments consisted of nine fractions of the average rate indicated on the 2,4-D choline salt herbicide label: 0 (control); 0.4275; 0.855; 1.71; 3.42; 8.55; 17.1; 34.2 and 68.4 g ae ha-1 applied at phenological stages V4 or B4 of cotton plants. The plants were assessed for the main morphological parameters. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and, when significant, the hormesis model was tested aiming to describe the dose-response curves with low rates stimulation. The maximum hormesis effect for the variables plant height and number of leaves in cotton plants at stage V4 was estimated, in due order, for sub-doses between 1.14 and 3.02 and 1.37 and 5.54 g ae ha-1 of 2,4-D choline. The hormesis effect was not significant for total dry matter production when 2,4-D choline was applied at stage V4, irrespective of the year of study. Sub-doses between 0.855 and 1.71 g ae ha-1 of 2,4-D choline salt applied at stage B4 caused hormesis in the height, number of leaves, shoots dry matter and total dry matter of cotton plants.
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