Object of research: frozen fruits of black currant varieties Bilorus Sweet, Minai Shmyrev. Investigated problem: substantiation of the influence of the method, the duration of freezing on changes in the structure of black currant fruits of different degrees of maturity and pomological varieties. The main scientific results: the advantages of fast freezing of black currant fruits in a fast freezing chamber with forced air circulation at a speed of 1.5–2.5 m/s at a temperature of -30 …- 32 °C compared to slow freezing in " Calex " freezers were established at a temperature of -20 …- 22 °C. Rapid freezing forces cooling, freezing and freezing due to a decrease in the temperature of initiation of ice formation, an increase in the rate of heat extraction and an increase in the temperature of freezing. The area of practical use of the research results: food industry enterprises specializing in the freezing of plant products. An innovative technological product: the technology of freezing black currant fruits, which allows to extend the period of consumption of high-quality fruits with a preserved structure. Scope of application of an innovative technological product: nutrition of the population.

The process of ice formation in the pericarp of black currant depends on the pomological variety, the degree of ripeness of the fruit, and the method of freezing. During the slow and fast freezing of black currant, four ranges of fruit cooling temperatures are distinguished: 1) from the temperature of the fruit to the temperature of initiation of ice formation; 2) from the temperature of the front (initiation) of ice formation to the lowest possible temperature of the fetal mesocarp; 3) from the lowest possible temperature of the mesocarp to the lowest temperature of the fetal endocarp; 4) from the lowest possible endocarp temperature to fetal freezing temperature. Fast freezing boosts cooling, freezing and freezing from 37 min. (slow) up to 5.6 min. due to a halving of the temperature of initiation of ice formation, an increase of 1.3 times in the rate of heat extraction and an increase in the freezing temperature from –22...–24 °С (slow) to –20.8 °С. It is scientifically substantiated that the temperatures of freezing fruits significantly change the general existing recommendations (not higher than –18 °С) regarding the storage conditions of black currant fruits: with quick freezing, not higher than –21 °С, with slow freezing, not higher than –24 °С. The formation of the properties of black currant occurs during the growing season under various agro-climatic conditions and affects the parameters of ice formation indicators. The marketable condition, quality and organoleptic characteristics of black currant fruits depend on the method of freezing. The advantages of fast freezing of black currant fruits in a quick-freezing chamber with forced air circulation at a speed of 1.5–2.5 m/s at a temperature of –30...–32 °С in comparison with slow freezing in freezers at a temperature of –20 have been established. ..– 22 °С.

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The article presents alternatives for the use of additional components of cultivation technology for lentil that are aimed at increasing tolerance to a water deficiency at the early stages of growth and development, namely: (i) soil amendment with moisture-retaining polymers; (ii) seed treatment with a growth regulator contributing to a better formation of the root system; (iii) the use of biological product providing for the formation of the soil mycorrhizal biota; and (iv) foliar application of micro fertilizers. The best in terms of the effect on the growth and development of plants appeared the following treatments: seed treatment with the growth regulator Kelpak SC (3 l/t), soil amendment with moisture-retaining polymers Aquasorb (200 kg/ha) and mycorrhizal bio preparation Mycofriend (1 l/ha), followed by the treatment of plants with micro fertilizer Reakom-SP-Legumes (3 l/ha, BBCH 14) or Quantum-Legumes (1.0 l/ha, BBCH 14). These treatments contributed to an increase in the number of stems of the 2 nd and 3 rd orders by 1.8 and 2.0, leaves by 8.6 and 8.8, and nods by 15.3 and 16.1, respectively, compared to the control treatment. In addition, a combination of these plant products had a positive impact on the formation of filled beans, and the plants formed 23.5−23.7 filled beans. Also, these treatments provided 1.6−1.8 times increase in the number of seeds per bean compared to the control. Pre-sowing seed treatment with the growth regulator Kelpak SC (3 l/t), application of moisture-retaining polymers Aquasorb (200 kg/ha) and mycorrhizal bio preparation Mycofriend (1 l/ha), followed by foliar application of fertilizers Reakom SC Legumes (3 l/ha, BBCH 14) or Quantum-Legumes (1.0 l/ha, BBCH 14) contributed to the formation of lentil yield of 3.15 and 3.17 t/ha, respectively, over the years of the experiment. The integral action of these plant products contributed to obtaining seeds with a higher content of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, as well as vitamins, macro and microelements. Moreover, young lentil sprouts can resist adverse environmental factors due to the richer biochemical stocks formed in a seed.

On sandy soil, after the second year of vegetation, from 74.1 to 87.5 % of plants remained. Biomass productivity in the first 3 years on peat-bog soil was 0.58-1.10 t/ha/year in 'Ternopilska' variety, 0.80 to 3.28 t/ha/year in 'Zbruch' variety, and from 0.62 to 0.96 t/ha/year. At the same time, the density of plantations and edaphic conditions significantly affected the productivity of the dry mass of plants. In particular, on sandy loam soil, 'Ternopilska' variety in the first 2 years had productivity from 0.77 to 3.21 t/ha/year, which is significantly higher than on rich of organic substainces moistened peat-bog soils. The largest leaf area was in 'Ternopilska' variety on sandy loam soil, from 22.0 to 31.3 thousand m 2 /ha, and in 'Zbruch' variety (from 17.2 to 27.5 thousand m 2 /ha). The average photosynthetic potential according to the experimental options ranged from 1.67 to 5.06 million m 2 •day/ha, increasing with increasing planting density and leaf area. The highest net productivity of photosynthesis indicators are observed in 'Ternopilska' variety on sandy soil, from 0.98 to 1.62 g/m 2 per day and in 'Zbruch' variety (0.70-1.16 g/m 2 per day). At the same time, these indicators were maximum with a density of 15 thousand plants./ha. Conclusions. In floodplains of the Polissia, sandy loamy soils are more suitable for growing the willow energy biomass compared to peat-bog soils. Willow energy plantations have a large leaf surface area, high photosynthetic potential and net photosynthesis productivity, which provides relatively high biomass productivity indicators. On peat-bog soils from the studied varieties, it is advisable to use 'Zbruch' variety, which is characterized by high biomass productivity (3.28 t/ha/year), to create willow energy plantations.

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