Investigation of particle size distribution of grinded amber by electropulse discharges in a liquid mediumThe article presents the study results of electropulse grinding of amber in aqueous and alcoholic media at different amounts of supplied energy.Description of the electropulse grinding laboratory installation, the mechanism of the destruction process of amber particles and methods of statistical processing of experimental data are given. It was established that alcohol medium has a greater impact on the efficiency of crushing than water. Thus, under the same conditions of energy supply, in the aqueous medium the weighted average particle size of amber was 601.6 ± 688.9 µm, and in an alcohol medium -368.0 ± 269.6 µm. In an aqueous medium, the particle size decreased to 1/13.6 of raw sample, and in an alcoholic medium to 1/22.3 of raw sample compared to the initial size of raw amber. We found that in the aqueous medium the ratio of large to small fractions is mainly the same with the coefficient of alignment of particles with a size of 1.09. In an alcoholic medium, this ratio significantly differs, with the coefficient of alignment of amber particles of a size of 1.67 with the amount of supplied energy of 125 kJ.
Corresponding author:Yevgen Kharchenko E-mail: a-537@ukr.net DOI:10. 24263/2304-974X-2017-6-4-3 Introduction. In order to determine the yield of intermediate milled products, the process of crop formation during the milling of wheat into varietal flour has been investigated.Materials and methods. On the first three break systems, intermediate milling products under the rollers were selected and sifted to determine the mode of operation of the systems, and then pass fractions were sieved on sieves to determine the yield of individual product fractions. The results of the research were presented as a dependence of "general product -yield fraction".Results and discussion. The output of all milling products on the first break system, depending on the milling mode, is nonlinear. On the second break system, the only dependence on the yield of small middlings and superfine flour is linear, and the yield of large and medium middlings, as well as flour has a nonlinear character. On the third break system, the large dependence of the yield of products on their milling regimes, all milling products except the yield of the small middlingshave a nonlinear character. On the third break system, the small linear dependencies of the yield of products from the milling regime are only superfine flour and flour, the remaining products are nonlinear in nature.With an increase in the total product of intermediate shredding products from 29,4% to 56,6%, on the 1st system there was an extremum of the output of large grains at 40,0%. On the second tread system, with an increase in the total product of intermediate shredding products from 46,5% to 72,0%, an extreme average yield of cereals at 60,0% was observed. At the third trench system, an extreme release of superfine flour at 35,5% was observed at a general level of 11,9% to 40,6% of intermediate products. With an increase in the total product of intermediate milling products on the third trench system from 22,6% to 47,9%, an extremum of the output of small middlings was observed at 46,4%. Determined extremums are optimal values of intermediate products yield of three break systems.Conclusions. The given dependences of the output of separate fractions of wheat grain milling products are recommended for calculations of quantitative balances of varietal mills.
Introduction. The research aim is to determine effect of duration of dehulling, the barley size and moisture, the rotation speed of abrasive discs, the abrasive grit and the load factor of the dehuller on the dehulling index. Materials and methods. The dehulling was carried out in laboratory dehuller (model ULZ-1) at the rotation speed of abrasive discs of 29.6±0.015 s-1 (1775±0.9 rpm) and 42.3±0.013 s-1 (2540±0.8 rpm) and removing of barley husks and meal was conducted in the laboratory aspiration duct of 60 mm width. Results and discussion. The research has shown that the increase in the dehulling duration the weight of the barley loaded to the dehuller, the rotating rate of abrasive discs and the load coefficient of the dehuller working chamber leads to the dehulling index rise. There exists the non-linear dependence between the load coefficient of the dehuller working chamber with the minimum point of the dehulling index for the large fraction of barley 0.27–0.28 and for the small fraction of barley 0.24–0.25. The influence of the barley weight and the load coefficient of the working chamber of the dehuller on the dehulling index occurs according to the curvilinear dependence with the minimum point of the dehulling index for the large barley fraction of 0.27–0.28 and for the small barley fraction of 0.24–0.25. The increase in the processing duration and the load coefficient of the working chamber of the dehuller leads to the increase of the dehulling index, but at the same time the minimum point of the dehulling index decreases from 0.29 to 0.25. As the size of the barley grows, the dehulling index decreases. The gain in moisture of the barley leads to the decrease of the dehulling index according to the linear dependence for both large and small barley fractions. Moreover, the small fraction has the bigger values of the dehulling index than the large one. The moisture influence on the dehulling index has linear dependence for both large and small barley fractions. As moisture increases the dehulling index decreases linearly, but at the same time the large barley fraction had lower values of the dehulling index than the small one. The increase in abrasive discs grit leads to the dehulling index decrease according to the curvilinear dependence. At the grit of 80 the dehulling index gets the constant value and its change depends on the duration of processing. Conclusion. The influence of technological parameters of barley grain on the dehulling index has linear dependence, and machine parameters affect the dehulling index according to curvilinear dependency. These results must be considered when evaluating the effectiveness of dehulling and the development of the process model.
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