Sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil hasil tangkapan pukat cincin di perairan Samudera Hindia Barat Sumatera memberikan kontribusi penting terhadap produksi perikanan di wilayah tersebut setelah ikan pelagis besar. Supaya pemanfaatannya berkelanjutan maka diperlukan upaya pengelolaan sumber daya ikan berdasarkan kajian perikanan dan biologinya. Data bulanan selama Maret sampai Desember 2018 dikumpulkan dari TPI Lampulo (Banda Aceh) dan Sibolga (Sumatera Utara), bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi dan menganalisis tentang dimensi alat tangkap, daerah penangkapan ikan, komposisi hasil tangkapan, frekuensi ukuran ikan dan upaya penangkapan (hasil per unit upaya, CPUE). Selanjutnya data biologi ikan dianalisis dengan metode analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan dimensi pukat cincin yang digunakan. Jenis ikan layang (Decapterus macarellus) merupakan hasil tangkapan dominan yang didaratkan di PPS Lampulo (Banda Aceh) dan PPN Sibolga (Sumatera Utara), masing-masing sebesar 82,2% dan 51 % dari total produksi ikan tahun 2018 di daerah tersebut. Jenis lainnya meliputi: lemuru (Sardinella lemuru), selar kuning (Selaroides leptolepis), sunglir (Elagatis bipinnulata), kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta), tembang (Sardinella fimbriata) dan selar bentong (Selar crumenophthalmus) dengan proporsi berkisar antara 4,8 – 28 %. Daerah penangkapan ikan semakin jauh dari biasanya. Panjang pertama kali tertangkap (length at first capture, Lc) ikan layang sebesar 24 cmFL, selar bentong 17 cmFL dan tembang 16 cmFL. Hasil per unit upaya (CPUE) pukat cincin di TPI Lampulo dan Sibolga masing-masing sebesar 263 kg/hari dan 316 kg/hari. Small pelagic fish resources caught by purse seiners in the Indian Ocean west off Sumatera contribute an important fish production in those areas after large pelagic fish. Management of fish resources based on fishery and biological informations need to be done to optimize its utilization. Monthly data collected during March to December 2018 were obtained at landing places of Lampulo (Banda Aceh) and Sibolga (North Sumatera). The aims of this research were to determine of dimention of fishing gear, fishing grounds, catch composition, size frequencies of fish and catch per unit of effort (CPUE). The data of characteristic biology were analyzed using an analytical model. The results showed that dimention in length and depth of purse seine has changed. Round scad (Decapterus macarellus) as dominant fish landed at Lampulo and Sibolga landing places with 82.2% and 51 % of total production, respectively. The rest, with proportions ranged between 4.8 to 28.0% included sardine (Sardinella lemuru), yellow stripe trevally (Selaroides leptolepis), Rainbow runner (Elagatis bipinnulata), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), Fringescale sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata), Bigeye scad (Selar crumenopthalmus). At present, fishing grounds are getting further from the coast. Length at first capture (Lc) of D. macarellus was 24 cmFL, S. fimbriata was 17 cmFL, and S. crumenophthalmus was 16cmFL. The catch per unit of effort by purse seiners in Lampulo and Sibolga were 263 kg/day and 316 kg/day, respectivelly.
Pemanfaatan sumber daya kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata) di perairan Pasaman Barat sudah lama dilakukan oleh nelayan kecil dengan menggunakan bubu (tangkul) yang bersifat tidak selektif. Sebagai komoditi perikanan yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia, perlu dilakukan pengelolaan yang tepat agar ketersediaannya tetap berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Januari - November 2016, dengan tujuan mengkaji beberapa parameter populasi sebagai bahan kebijakan pengelolaan kepiting bakau di perairan Pasaman Barat agar tetap lestari. Pengumpulan sampel dilakukan secara acak dari hasil tangkapan nelayan oleh enumerator. Metode analisis parameter populasi menggunakan distribusi frekwensi lebar karapas dengan bantuan program FiSAT (FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessement Tools)-II. Hasil analisis diperoleh laju pertumbuhan (K) sebesar 0,63 pertahun, (CW)= 178,5 mm, kematian alami (M) 1,06 pertahun, kematian karena penangkapan (F)= 1,03 per tahun, dan kematian total (Z)=2,09 pertahun. Tingkat eksploitasi (E) =0,49. Tingkat pemanfaatan kepiting bakau di perairan Pasaman Barat sudah pada tahapan yang jenuh (fully exploited). Pembatasan alat tangkap merupakan opsi yang paling memungkinkan.Mud crab (Scylla serrata) is one of fisheries commodity that has an important economic value in Indonesia. Utilization of mud crabs in West Pasaman had been exploited for years long time with traps fishing gear. The research was conducted in January - November 2016 in the waters of West Pasaman. Sampling were conducted randomly. This paper aims to determine some population parameters of mud crab to used as a guidance guidance in the management of mud crab. in the waters of West Pasaman. Population parameter data analysis using software FiSAT (FAO-ICLARM Stock assessement Tools) II. The results of population dynamic parameters of mud crab showed that growth rate (K) was 0.63 per year, Length infinity (L) was 178.5 mm, natural mortality (M) was 1.06 per year, fishing mortality (F) was 1.03 per year, and total mortality (Z) 2.09 per year. Exploitation rate (E) was 0.49. The exploitation rate of mud crabs in the waters of West Pasaman were (fully exploited), the fishing need to be managed carefully, limitation of fishing gear is the most likely option to be enforced.
The sustainability of the exploitation of the Indonesian fishes depends heavily on many of fish's basic information including both larvae distribution and dispersal. However, the identification of fish larvae and juvenile to species is very limited. In this study, we employed DNA barcoding techniques to identify marine fish larvae to a species level in Jakarta Bay and Banda Sea by comparing the querries with sequences from adult stage as reference library to contribute on biodiversity information on that particular area. The result revealed that in Jakarta Bay, the molecular marker of a 471 bp region of the mitchondrial cyctochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) has been successfully found to be species-specific, genetic distance within species (0.0 -1.30 percent). There are total of 8 families, 5 genera and 5 species from a total 15 successful PCR that could be used to calculate the accuracy of larval fish identification in three taxonomic categories. Meanwhile in Banda Sea, for the adult specimens, after some of PCR experiment, we have successfully amplified 27 individuals, only 8 sequences available. There are a total 326 eggs and larvae which been collected from 19 stations, of the 28 successfully amplified PCR samples, 11 sequences were available for DNA analysis and at least 10 species used Banda Sea and surrounding area as their spawning ground. We prove the ability of COI barcodes to identify species level resolution from query sequences and to classify species from distinct geographical origins and determine of how the data retrieved give important information for proposing plans for conserving and managing of fisheries in the sea waters.
ABSTRAKLobster bambu (Panulirus versicolor) merupakan komoditas perikanan penting yang telah diekspolitasi di perairan Simeulue. Peningkatan permintaan dan pengusahaan lobster menyebabkan tekanan penangkapan terhadap populasi lobster semakin intensif dan tidak terkendali. Untuk itu diperlukan informasi tentang biologi reproduksi dan parameter populasi lobster dalam rangka pengelolaan sumberdaya lobster yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei sampai dengan Desember 2015 diperairan Simeulue dengan tujuan untuk mengestimasi parameter populasi lobster bambu. Pengamatan dan pengukuran lobster dilakukan di tempat pengumpul lobster dengan sistem sampling acak (random sampling). Analisis data parameter populasi menggunakan software FiSAT (Stock Assessement Tools). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa kondisi lobster bambu jantan dan betina tidak seimbang (1 : 1,5), pola pertumbuhan bersifat alometrik negatif dengan nilai b sebesar 2,924 dan rata-rata pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) = 86 mmCL. Laju pertumbuhan (K) = 0,320 per tahun dan panjang karapas asimtotik (CL ) 149,1 mm. Laju mortalitas alami (M) = 0,99 per tahun, laju kematian akibat penangkapan (F) sebesar 0,84 per tahun dan laju kematian total (Z) sebesar 1,83 per tahun. Tingkat eksploitasi (E) sebesar 0,46 atau pemanfaatan sumberdaya lobster bambu belum optimum. Penambahan baru dalam populasi berlangsung sepanjang tahun dan mencapai puncaknya pada Juni dan Juli bersamaan dengan musim timur. Untuk itu perlu adanya regulasi pemerintah dalam pengelolaan perikanan lobster yang berkelanjutan dengan menerapkan close season lobster pada puncak musim pemijahan. Kata Kunci: Panulirus versicolor; parameter populasi; Simeulue ABSTRACT The painted green/bamboo lobster (Panulirus versicolor) is an important fish commodities that have been exploited in the waters of Simeulue. Increased utilization and uncontrolled exploitation of lobster causing pressure on the lobster population. For this reason, there is a need for information about the parameters of the lobster population in the management for the sustainability of lobster resource. The experiment was conducted in May to
Ikan pelagis yang tertangkap pukat cincin dengan ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm dan 4,46 cm memperlihatkan sebaran dan ukuran jenis ikan yang berbeda. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedalaman renang dan sebaran ukuran ikan madidihang, cakalang dan layang yang tertangkap pukat cincin di perairan Pacitan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 trip pada bulan Oktober dan Desember 2013. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah selektivitas celah pelolosan pada pukat cincin mengunakan model Holt. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata ikan yang tertangkap pada ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm sebesar 33,74 untuk ikan madidihang 33,74 cm, cakalang 49,5 cm dan layang 23,5 cm. Sedangkan pada ukuran mata jaring 4,46 cm untuk madidihang 37,34 cm, cakalang 52 cm dan layang 29,5 cm. persamaan regresi antara ikan madidihang Y =0,697x – 2,477 nilai ã2 = 0,933, ikan cakalang = 0,611x – 2,758 nilai ã2 = 0,922 dan ikan layang Y = 1,358x – 4,241 nilai ã2 = 0,954. Terdapat selektivitas optimum yang berbeda pada ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm dan 4,36 cm yang tertangkap.
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