This research aims at knowing: (1) the realization of politeness of verbal and non-verbal directive speech acts of students, (2) deviations on politeness principles of students’ directive speech acts, and (3) the determining factors to the politeness and non-politeness of verbal and non-verbal directive speech acts for the Tenth Grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Mataram in the process of learning in the classroom. Research subjects in this study were the teachers who taught Indonesian, English, Economics, History, Mathematics, Religion, Civics, and Natural Sciences (IPA), and all students who are in class X of IPS 2, IPA 1 and IPA 3 in SMA Negeri 1 Mataram. This research belongs to qualitative descriptive study. The data were collected using observation method. The results of this study showed that: (1) there is the emergence of speech acts of the verbal and non-verbal directive of the students in the learning process, such as directive speech acts of rebuking, commanding, banning, advising, asking, reminding, satirizing, suggesting, threatening, rebuking, and (2) there is deviation of the principle of politeness of directive speech acts that is deviation of principle of one maxim, two maxim, and deviation of three maxim, and (3) there are influencing factors for the politeness and non-politeness of verbal and non-verbal directive speech acts of students in the learning process , including linguistic and non-linguistic factors.
Penelitian relasi bahasa ini mengkaji tujuh bahasa di Pulau Timor meliputi bahasa (1) Tokodede dan (2) Mambae ditutur masyarakat Timor Leste bagian barat, bahasa (3) Kemak dan (4) Tetun dipakai di NTT menyebar sampai ke wilayah Timor Leste, bahasa (5) Dawan, (6) Rote, dan (7) Helong berkembang di NTT. Semua bahasa itu dihipotesiskan mempunyai hubungan kekerabatan, meskipun sebagian bahasa-bahasa itu diklasifikasikan sebagai bahasa Non-Austronesia (AN) (Capell, 1945). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan daftar Swadesh dan Holle yang dianalisis dengan metode diakomparatif, diperoleh bukti akurat keeratan relasi genetis bahasa-bahasa itu sebagai kelompok bahasa Timor. Berdasarkan bukti kuantitatif dan kualitatif, kelompok bahasa Timor memiliki tiga subkelompok, yakni TKM, DTR, dan Hl yang dapat disusun dalam bentuk silsilah relasi genetis bahasa Timor dengan pola dwipilah. Inovasi fonologis penyatu kelompok Timor berupa apokope, sinkope, penunggalan bunyi, dan pengedepanan bunyi sentral PAN *¶. Bukti inovasi fonologis pemisah kelompok berupa PT *b menjadi PTKM *h, PDTR *f, dan Hl b. Selain itu, ditemukan pula bukti pemisah kelompok sekaligus penyatu subkelompok masing-masing. Dalam subkelompok TKM ditemukan bukti inovasi fonologis bersama berupa apokope dan metatesis pada subkelompok DTR. Pada subkelompok Hl ditemukan pula bukti inovasi fonologis bersama berupa metatesis dan paragoge. Di samping itu ditemukan pula exclusively shared linguistic innovation yaitu inovasi leksikal bersama baik untuk leksikal PT, leksikal subkelompok PTKM, leksikal subkelompok PDTR dan leksikal Hl.
This study was conducted aiming at examining: (1) the divergent principles of politeness in students' directive speech act (2) factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and non-verbal directive speech act produced by students at grade X in Senior High School 1 Mataram in the learning process. The subject of this study are teachers teaching Bahasa Indonesia, English, Economy, History, Math, Religion, Civic, and Science, and all students at Grade X of Science 1, Science 3 and Social 2 in Senior High School 1 Mataram. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The data source in this study is the number of utterances produced by students and teachers in the learning process. The data were collected through observation. This study revealed that: (1) there were divergent principles of politeness in participants' directive speech act namely single and multiple divergent principles of politeness affected by speaker intentionally accused addressees, intentionally uttered by neglecting the context, was protective to other arguments, showed emotional feeling, given critiques in impolite words and mocked at other; and (2) there were factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and nonverbal directive speech act produced by students in learning process namely linguistic factor and non-linguistic factor.
The research is treasures lexicon marriage in the community coast Kuta at Central Lombok. This research is descriptive qualitative to express languages phenomena in the community environment local coast. Data collection method is done with the methods observation, a method of taking, and methods capable. The method of analysis data was undertaken with described directly the outcome of the findings and aggregating based on the data obtained. The result of this research of form, meaning, and contribution lexicon marriage. Forms a lexicon consists of category biotic and the abiotic. Category biotic be a fish, marine plant, and of the water Category abiotic consists of a kind of a wave equipment fishermen, a character the sea, culture swim, and type of food. Meanings lexicon of the lexical meaning and meaning contextual. This research is expected to be a supplement to the environmental-based learning in elementary school and can be used as learning materials are loaded in all subjects with the aim to be able to provide knowledge, and skills to learners.
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