This study was conducted aiming at examining: (1) the divergent principles of politeness in students' directive speech act (2) factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and non-verbal directive speech act produced by students at grade X in Senior High School 1 Mataram in the learning process. The subject of this study are teachers teaching Bahasa Indonesia, English, Economy, History, Math, Religion, Civic, and Science, and all students at Grade X of Science 1, Science 3 and Social 2 in Senior High School 1 Mataram. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The data source in this study is the number of utterances produced by students and teachers in the learning process. The data were collected through observation. This study revealed that: (1) there were divergent principles of politeness in participants' directive speech act namely single and multiple divergent principles of politeness affected by speaker intentionally accused addressees, intentionally uttered by neglecting the context, was protective to other arguments, showed emotional feeling, given critiques in impolite words and mocked at other; and (2) there were factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and nonverbal directive speech act produced by students in learning process namely linguistic factor and non-linguistic factor.
Roi and i'a are part of the linguistic wealth possessed Bima community. Since this is part of the linguistic treasure it is necessary to conduct research relating to the form, function, and factors affecting the use of Roi and i'a. Based on the said problems, the researcher thinks that it is necessary to study the use of Roi and i'a by Bima community. The theory used in this research is the theory of forms, functions, and factors causing speech acts in the language. The method used to collect data is observing and noting, recording, cooperating with informants, and doing introspection. Based on the finding and discussion conducted by the researcher, the results of this study can be summed up as follows: a) Roi and i'a in Bima community in the district of Sape can be grouped into three forms, namely: (1) word; (2) phrases; (3) clause. b) Roi in Bima community in district of Sape serves to (1) flatter, (2) express amazement, (3) admonish, (4) mock, (5) express happiness, (6) show politeness,(7) show the intimacy, (8) advise, (9) tell, (10) ask, (11) make an analogy or to unfold, (12) affirm, (13) express pique, and (14) insult. Whereas, i'a in Bima community in district of Sape serves to: (1) express anger, (2) tell, (3) express pique, (4) express disappontment, (5) insult, (6) express a surprise, (7) quip, (8) command, (9) express inbelief. c) The factors causing the use of Roi and i'a in Bima community in the district of Sape are (1) psychological factors and (2) social factors including social status, education level, age, and gender.
Tujuan penelitian ini 1) Untuk mengetahui gambaran supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang. 2) Untuk mengetahui Faktor Pendukung supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang. 3) Untuk mengetahui Faktor Penghambat supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis datanya display data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) Gambaran supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang melalui 8 teknik belum dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh tapi hanya beberapa teknik yang dilaksanakan yaitu teknik kunjungan kelas, rapat dewan guru dan staf. Namun, teknik demonstrasi mengajar dikelas dan penerbitan buletin belum dilakukan; 2) Faktor pendukung supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang yaitu tujuan pendidikan telah dipahami oleh guru, dan adanya umpan balik dari pengawas; 3) Faktor penghambat supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang adalah penggunaan waktu yang tidak efektif dan efisien, dan tidak adanya standar pelaksanaan supervisi oleh supervisor.
Keabsahan Perkawinan Adat Minangkabau
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