Background Migraine is a cause of recurrent headaches in
Background Cancer treatment in children influences the quality of life of patients and their families. The Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) inventory is a questionnaire to assess quality of life of the healthy and ill children. Objective To compare quality of life in children with cancer and their normal siblings, and to compare quality of life in those with hematologic malignancies to those with solid tumors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5-to-18- year-olds at the Hematology-Oncology Division at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, from May to July 2012. The case group (subjects with cancer) filled the PedsQL 3.0 and 4.0 questionnaires, while the control group (normal siblings) filled only the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire. Independent T-test was used to compare the quality of life between children with cancer and their normal siblings. Results There were 46 children in each group. The PedsQL 4.0 results in children with cancer and their normal siblings, and PedsQL 3.0 between hematology malignant and solid cancer were as follows: physical function 36.9 vs. 80.7, respectively (95%CI of differences -52.639 to -34.990; P= 0.0001), emotional function 40.4 vs. 69.3, respectively (95%CI of differences -35.912 to -21.914; P=0.0001), social function 71.5 vs. 93.9, respectively (95%CI of differences - 29.238 to -15.587; P=0.0001), school function 20.7 vs. 74.2, respectively (95%CI of differences - 62.124 to -44.832; P=0.0001), and total score 42.1 vs. 79.3, respectively (95%CI of differences - 43.066 to -31.344; P=0.0001). School function was the most affected parameter in children with cancer compared to their normal siblings. Conclusion There is a significant difference in quality of life between children with cancer and their normal siblings, for all four parameters examined by the PedsQL inventory. However, there are no significant differences in quality of life between children with hematologic malignancy and those with solid cancer.
Background One of the diagnostic criteria for acute lung injury (ALI) is the PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio. This measurement is obtained by blood gas analysis, which involves an invasive procedure (arterial blood draw). In order to reduce invasive procedures on critically ill patients, an alternative non-invasive marker for ALI is needed. The SpO2/FiO2 (S/F) ratio attained by pulse oximetry may be a suitable alternative.Objective To investigate for a correlation between S/F ratio and P/F ratio, in order to find an alternative non-invasive marker of ALI.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan from August 2012 to June 2013. Subjects (children aged 1 month – 18 years) underwent blood gas analysis when their pulse oximetry showed saturation of 80-97% within 24 hours of ventilator use. We measured PaO2, SpO2, and FiO2 and calculated S/F and P/F ratios. Data were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation and linear regression tests.Results Of 69 PICU patients, 39 children fulfilled the criteria for ALI. The S/F ratio and P/F ratio had a weak correlation (r=0.2; P=0.18). The linear regression equation was S/F ratio = 129.67 + 0.11 (P/F), with S/F ratio values of 162.67 and 151.67 correlating to P/F ratio values of 300 and 200, respectively.Conclusion The S/F ratio has a weak correlation with P/F ratio for ALI in children.
Background: More than 24% breast cancer patients came to Sanglah Teaching Hospital with distant metastasis which cause 90% of cancer related death. Distant metastasis is complex process of interaction between tumor cells and its micro environment involving chemoattractant cytokines which lead circulating tumor cells toward target organs. One of the most common cytokines involved in metastasis of multiple tumor is SDF-1, produces by target organ or tumor cells it selves. However, only few studies ever evaluate the relationship between its concentrations in tumor tissue with metastasis. Method: A cross sectional analysis study was conducted involving clinical data and paraffin blocks from 46 patients. Samples were grouped into metastasis and non-metastasis group and level of tumor tissue SDF-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry method.
Background Cancer treatment in children influences the quality
Anak yang mengalami obesitas pada usia pra pubertas memiliki tinggi badan di atasrata-rata anak seusianya. Penelitian mengenai hal ini menunjukkan bahwa anakmengalami masa pacu tumbuh yang lebih awal namun saat proses pertumbuhan hampirselesai kecepatan tersebut akan berkurang relatif dibandingkan anak normal, sehinggatinggi badan akhir anak saat dewasa tetap sama dengan rata-rata tinggi badan orangtuanya atau bahkan lebih pendek bila dibandingkan dengan anak yang tidak mengalamiobesitas pada masa pertumbuhannya. Dijumpai abnormalitas pada hormon yang berperandalam pertumbuhan linier pada anak yang mengalami obesitas yaitu pada aksis GHIGF,hormon seks steroid, dan glukokortikoid.
Background Currently the age at onset of menarche is earlier
Background Functional constipation is often a consequence of habitual bowel elimination while sitting on common toilet seats. A considerable proportion of the population with normal bowel movement frequency has difficulty emptying their bowels. The principal cause of this problem may be the obstructive nature of the rectoanal angle and its relationship to the posture normally used in defecation.Objective To assess the relationship between functional constipation with the posture (sitting vs squatting) during defecation in children. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in November questionnaires and were interviewed. Functional constipation was assessed based on the Rome III criteria. ResultsSixty-five students enrolled in the study. There was no There was a significant correlation between functional constipa-(4/45) during defecation. Conclusion We found that posture in defecation is correlated to functional constipation in children. [Paediatr Indones. 2013;53:104-7.].
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