O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar genótipos de feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) tipo carioca, com alta adaptabilidade e estabilidade de produção, na Região Central do Brasil, pelo uso de diferentes métodos. Foram conduzidos 45 ensaios de valor de cultivo e uso, com 16 genótipos, em blocos completos ao acaso, com três repetições, nos estados de Goiás, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul e Tocantins, nos anos de 2003 e 2004. Os dados de produtividade de grãos foram submetidos a análises de variância e de estabilidade e adaptabilidade pelos métodos de Lin & Binns, Annichiarico, Eberhart & Russell, Cruz et al., e AMMI (modelo de efeitos principais aditivos e interação multiplicativa). O método de Lin & Binns, modificado por Carneiro (trapézio quadrático ponderado pelo coeficiente de variação), e o de Annichiarico mostraram-se muito úteis ao programa de melhoramento genético, pois reúnem características como: simplicidade de utilização; separação dos ambientes em favoráveis e desfavoráveis; e identificação dos genótipos mais estáveis, entre os mais produtivos. A cultivar de feijão carioca BRS Estilo reúne alta adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade de grãos na Região Central do Brasil. A cultivar Pérola, amplamente utilizada no País, também apresenta boa estabilidade e adaptabilidade.

ABSTRACT. The common bean is an important source of iron and zinc in humans. Increases in the contents of these minerals can combat mineral deficiencies, but these contents are influenced by environmental conditions. Thus, the objectives of this study were to investigate the interaction between common bean lines and water availability on iron and zinc contents (CFe and CZn, respectively), identify superior lines with stable CFe and CZn, and test for a genetic relationship between CFe and CZn. Six crop trials were performed using a randomized block design with three replications. The trials were performed during the winter sowing period for three different combinations of year and site in Brazil. For each combination, 53 lines were evaluated across two parallel trials; one trial was irrigated according to the crop requirements, and the other trial operated under a water deficit. Interaction was detected between lines and environments, and between lines and water availability for CFe and CZn. However, some lines exhibited high CFe and CZn in both conditions. Lines G 6492 and G 6490 exhibited high mean values, stability, and adaptability for both minerals. Other lines exhibited high CFe (Xamego) or CZn (Bambuí and Iapar 65). A

ABSTRACT. One of the current focus of common bean breeding programs in Brazil is to increase iron (FeC) and zinc content (ZnC) in grains. The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for FeC and ZnC in common bean, verify the need for conducting multi-site evaluation tests, identify elite lines that combine high FeC and ZnC with good adaptability, stability, and agronomic potential, and examine the genetic association between FeC and ZnC. Elite lines (140) were evaluated for important agronomic traits in multiple environments. In one trial, FeC and ZnC were evaluated and genetic parameters were estimated. Based on the high heritability estimates and significant selection gains obtained, the conditions for a successful selection was favorable. Of the 140 evaluated lines, 17 had higher FeC and ZnC, and were included in the validation test (2013, five environments), specifically for the evaluation of FeC and ZnC. The line by environment interaction for FeC and ZnC was detected, but it was predominantly simple. The environmental effect strongly influenced FeC and ZnC . The environment Brasília/rainy season was selected as the best evaluation site for preliminary tests for FeC and ZnC, because it resulted in similar conclusions as the mean of the five environments. The lines CNFP 15701 and CNFC 15865 had higher FeC and ZnC and were highly adaptable and stable, and are recommended for utilization in breeding programs. The lines CNFC 15833, CNFC 15703, and CNFP 15676 showed excellent combined agronomic and nutritional traits, and were selected for the development of biofortified cultivars. Additionally, the genetic association between FeC and ZnC was detected.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar genótipos de feijoeiro-comum com alta adaptabilidade e estabilidade de produção e verificar a ocorrência de interação genótipos x ambientes (GxA) para diferentes caracteres em algumas regiões de cerrado com baixa altitude no Estado do Mato Grosso. Foram realizados 12 ensaios em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, em épocas de semeadura da seca e do inverno, no Estado do Mato Grosso, em 2008 e 2009. Os ensaios foram compostos por 19 genótipos com seis diferentes tipos de grãos. Foram obtidos dados de produtividade de grãos, reação à mancha angular, ciclo, tolerância ao acamamento e massa de cem grãos, e realizadas as análises de variância. Os dados de produtividade foram analisados quanto à estabilidade e adaptabilidade pelo método proposto por Annicchiarico. Foi observada interação GxA para todas as características avaliadas. A correlação entre a produtividade dos genótipos nas duas épocas de semeadura foi intermediária (0,48) (p<0,0375), mostrando que o desempenho dos genótipos nessas épocas é razoavelmente coincidente. As cultivares BRS Estilo, de grãos carioca e BRS Esplendor e BRS Campeiro, de grãos pretos, reúnem alta adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade de grãos nas épocas de semeadura da seca e do inverno em regiões de cerrado de baixa altitude no Estado do Mato Grosso.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar métodos de estudo de adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica de feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris). Foram utilizadas avaliações de produtividade em 71 ensaios, com 16 genótipos em cada um. A adaptabilidade e a estabilidade dos genótipos foi avaliada por meio de seis métodos, e a associação entre os métodos foi determinada pela correlação de Spearman. Os métodos de Cruz e de Eberhart & Russel apresentaram forte correlação entre si. Os métodos de Lin & Binns, Lin & Binns modificado e Annicchiarico também apresentaram alta correlação entre si. Correlações intermediárias foram observadas entre os métodos de Eberhart & Russel e da análise da interação multiplicativa dos efeitos principais aditivos (AMMI). A utilização conjunta de métodos que apresentaram alta correlação não é indicada. Dessa forma, apenas um dos métodos, entre os de Cruz, Eberhart & Russel e AMMI, deve ser utilizado em conjunto com Lin & Binns, Lin & Binns modificado ou Annicchiarico, visto que não houve correlação entre métodos desses dois grupos. Os métodos de Lin & Binns modificado e Annicchiarico são indicados para utilização isolada, pois são de utilização simples e permitem a classificação dos ambientes em favoráveis e desfavoráveis e a identificação dos genótipos mais estáveis e adaptados entre os mais produtivos.

ABSTRACT. The maintenance of the light color of the grains of carioca beans is a requirement for the development of new cultivars of common beans because it enables the storage of grains for long periods so that they may be traded at a proper opportunity. Crosses of cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola, which presents slow grain darkening, were made to 10 elite lines presenting normal darkening to obtain information about the genetic control of the trait and estimates of phenotypic and genotypic parameters. Progenies at the tegument generations F 3 and F 4 and their parents were evaluated at the locations of Santo Antônio de Goiás and Ponta Grossa at 71, 106, and 155 days of storage for seed-coat darkening using a rank of scores ranging from 1 (very light colored grains) to 5 (very dark colored grains). Genotypic and phenotypic variances and broad-sense heritabilities were estimated for each population. The segregation ratios were subjected to the chi-square test to establish the genetic control. Some populations did not present consistent patterns of genetic control, while others presented monogenic or double-recessive digenic segregation, indicating that the trait is controlled by few genes. Six segregant populations were identified 6487 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 13 (3): 6486-6496 (2014) Seed-coat darkening of carioca beans with both low means for darkening and high expected gain under selection. Despite the strong environmental influence on the expression of the traits and the occurrence of the genotype by environment interaction, the estimates of genotypic and phenotypic parameters indicate the possibility of successful selection to develop lines with slow seed-coat darkening.

Slow seed coat darkening is desirable in common bean cultivars and genetic parameters are important to define breeding strategies. The aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for plant architecture, grain yield, grain size, and seed-coat darkening in common bean; identify any genetic association among these traits; and select lines that associate desirable phenotypes for these traits. Three experiments were set up in the winter 2012 growing season, in Santo Antônio de Goiás and Brasília, Brazil, including 220 lines obtained from four segregating populations and five parents. A triple lattice 15 x 15 experimental design was used. The traits evaluated were plant architecture, grain yield, grain size, and seed-coat darkening. Analyses of variance were carried out and genetic parameters such as heritability, gain expected from selection, and correlations, were estimated. For selection of superior lines, a "weight-free and parameter-free" index was used. The estimates of genetic variance, heritability, and gain expected from selection were high, indicating good possibility for success in selection of the four traits. The genotype x environment interaction was proportionally more important for yield than for the other traits. There was no strong genetic correlation observed among the four traits, which indicates the possibility of selection of superior lines with many traits. Considering simultaneous selection, it was not possible to join high genetic gains for the four traits. Forty-four lines that combined high yield, more upright plant architecture, slow darkening grains, and commercial grade size were selected.

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