Scientific research into the reduction of stigmatization, particularly related to specific problems such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is scarce. In the present study, we examine the impact of a video-based antistigma intervention program for OCD in a pretest-posttest control group research. After being randomly assigned to either an intervention (n= 101) or control group (n= 96), the participants reported their attitudes on a hypothetical case vignette before and after OCD vs. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) videos, and again six months later as a follow up assessment. The mixed design analyses for the group comparisons indicated that although there was no significant difference in the measures of the control group, the participants watching the anti-stigma OCD video, in which the focus was psychoeducation and interaction strategies, reported significantly lower scores on social distances and negative beliefs for the case vignettes they read, and this difference was maintained six months later. Then, the present results indicate the effectiveness of our anti-stigma intervention program for OCD. Interventions to reduce stigmatization can also be viewed as effective tools for changing the attitudes of people toward OCD, although further research and applications are needed related to specific disorders if a longlasting impact is to be achieved.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of the child that manifests itself in all its life contexts, whose key symptoms are inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. In addition to the "classic" symptom triad, however, the disorder is characterized by a general deficit in executive functions, ie a set of cognitive operations that allow one to adapt one's behavior to environmental needs, including planning, working memory, and cognitive flexibility and cognitive and behavioral self-regulation. Several authors agree in hypothesizing a key role of executive functions and inattention / impulsivity processes in central coherence disorder (CC), or a specific difficulty in integrating the different information related to a stimulus into a coherent whole with meaning. This disability is expressed in a particular cognitive style that processes information or analyzes a situation in a fragmentary way proceeding "piece by piece", rather than in their global context. This hypothesis was tested in various experiments in which autistic subjects were subjected to the two classic tests of executive function: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Tower of Hanoi. Central coherence involves the coding and perceptual attention processes, which are highly deficient in ADHD subjects. This would explain the tendency of these subjects to implement repetitive and persevering behaviors. Such behaviors, in fact, could be fragments of more complex actions that are decontextualized and repeated without a system capable of adequately inhibiting them.
The current study aimed to adapt the Self-Presentation Tactics Scale (SPTS; Lee et al., 1999) into Turkish and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Accordingly, two studies were conducted. In the first one, the factor structure of SPTS was tested in a sample of 346 adults with exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which revealed a distinct structure explaining 58.14% of the variance from the 12-factor original scale. The findings showed that a nine-factor model including 50 items presented the best fit with the following factors: ingratiation, apology, exemplification, disclaimer, intimidation, excuse/justification, enhancement, self-handicapping, blasting/entitlement. In the second study, a sample of 653 college students completed SPTS and Revised Self-Monitoring Scale (RSMS). The second-order nine-factor solution was uncovered by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In addition, internal consistency and test-retest reliability analyses showed significant correlation coefficients. The criterion-related validity was also proved with significant correlations between SPTS and RSMS. These results verify that the SPTS is a valid and reliable measure to assess self-presentation tactics for adult population in Turkey.
Öz Kadın cinsel sağlığı son 10-15 yılda giderek gelişen bir araştırma alanı ve klinik uygulamaların odağı haline gelmiştir. Yargılayıcı olmadan ve kabullenici bir tutumla dikkatin anlık deneyimlere odaklanmasını vurgulayan bilinçli farkındalık temelli müdahaleler, cinsel işlev bozukluğu yaşayan kadınlar için umut verici bir tedavi seçeneği olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu derleme çalışmasının amacı, cinsel işlevselliğin çeşitli aşamalarında sorun yaşayan kadınlarda bilinçli farkındalık temelli psikolojik müdahalelerin kullanılabilirlik ve etkililiğini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çeşitli veri tabanları "sexual dysfunction AND mindfulness"("cinsel işlev bozukluğu" ve "bilinçli farkındalık"), "sexual desire AND mindfulness" ("cinsel istek" ve "bilinçli farkındalık"), "sexual arousal AND mindfulness" ("cinsel uyarılma" ve " bilinçli farkındalık"),, "sexual pain AND mindfulness" ("cinsel ağrı" ve " bilinçli farkındalık"), ve "orgasm disorder AND mindfulness" ("orgazm bozukluğu" ve "bilinçli farkındalık") anahtar kelimeleri ile taranmıştır. PRISMA karar kriterlerine bağlı kalınarak yapılan tarama 2000 ve 2017 yılları arasında yayınlanmış 13 araştırma makalesi tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, hem bireysel hem de grup odaklı bilinçli farkındalık temelli terapilerin cinsel tepki döngüsünün çeşitli boyutlarında yaşanan cinsel işlev bozukluklarında anlamlı düzeyde iyileşme sağladığını ve bu iyileşmelerin uzun dönemde korunduğunu göstermiştir. Cinsel işlevsellikle ilgili birincil sonuçların yanında, depresyon ve kaygı, çift uyumu, iletişim gibi pek çok alanda da olumlu değişime yol açtığı görülmektedir.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.