Minimization of Campylobacter jejuni contaminations in poultry meats is important for public health. Certain chemical agents and physical processes to be used on carcasses to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. One of the most common used chemical is lactic acid. The bactericidal activity of different concentrations of lactic acid and hot steam on the C. jejuni populations on chicken skin samples were determined. Chicken breast skin samples were inoculated with C. jejuni and dipped into different lactic acid solutions and hot steam. reduction of C. jejuni and pH values were determined after 0., 1., 3. and 5 days of the storage at 4±1°C. according to microbiological analysis. Compared with the control group, reductions in C. jejuni populations were determined as 1.72 and 2.02 log at 22°C, as 1.91 and 2.34 log at 54°C on day 0, in 2%, 3% concentrations respectively. On the other hand, beginning from day 0, bacterial counts reached undetectable (<1.0x102 cfu/g) levels after the decontamination treatments with 4% LA for 60 s at 22°C and 54°C, after the treatments with 2% LA followed by HS concentrations of 97±1°C for 15 s and 133±1°C for 3 s. It was determined that decontamination with lactic acid and hot steam application had a significant reduction effect on C. jejuni in chicken skin samples and the effect of lactic acid was increased depending on the concentration.
Coronaviruses are found in all mammalian and avian species. Due to its mild infection on upper respiratory tract, this virus was not considered as a serious human pathogen until the outbreaks of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in 2002 and 2012, respectively. Recently the third and the biggest outbreak of coronavirus "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" has erupted and the world is now in a struggle to combat this disease. Although everything has not yet been fully clarified about this new type of virus, the data obtained from the studies conducted so far provides guidance on how to deal with SARS-CoV-2. In this context, this review provides information about pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, presence in animals, potential transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 as well as the detection methods used in the world and Turkey.
In this study, antibiotic, heavy metal, and disinfectant resistance profiles of E. coli and E. coli O157 isolates were determined, and whole-genome sequencing of a multidrug-resistant E. coli O100:H25 strain was reported. A total of 70 E. coli isolated from chicken neck skin and sheep cecum samples, and 32 E. coli O157 strains isolated
Honey is an important animal product that is consumed by people of all ages and has become an important antimicrobial agent because it has both antibacterial properties and does not cause microbial resistance. Although, Turkey is among the most important honey producers of the world, there are not enough studies about the antibacterial activity of Turkish honey. According to their geographical area, honey exhibit considerable and variable antimicrobial activity. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antibacterial effect of honey obtained from Turkey, against Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus by using agar dilution, agar well diffusion and disc diffusion methods and compared the efficacy of these methods. Results showed the antibacterial effects of Turkish honey, collected from different regions against selected pathogens. Different concentrations of all honey samples displayed an antibacterial activity. Each microorganism exhibited different sensitivity to the honey tested. In addition, a significant difference was detected between the three methods for each microorganism and well diffusion method was found to be the most sensitive method.
Öz: Organofosfatlı ve karbamatlı insektisitlere alternatif olarak geliştirilen neonikotinoidler, günümüzde dünya çapında en yaygın kullanılan insektisit sınıfı olup polen ve nektar dâhil bitkilerin tüm kısımlarına geçerek bu bitkiler tarafından üretilen ürünlere ve hatta arı ürünlerine aktarılabilmektedir. Bu sistemik özellikleriyle neonikotinoidler, bal arıları ve yabani arılar gibi canlıların yanı sıra, insanlar dahil diğer omurgalılar üzerinde de olumsuz etkilere yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenle hangi türevlerinin ne oranda etki oluşturduğuna ilişkin araştırmalar son yıllarda hızla artmakta ve bu çalışma sonuçlarına göre farklı ülkelerde neonikotinoid kullanımlarına yasaklar ve kısıtlamalar getirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'de üretilen ballarda neonikotinoid varlığının ve dolayısıyla çevredeki kirlilik seviyesinin ölçülmesidir. Bu amaçla, hasat sonrası Türkiye'nin farklı illerindeki arı yetiştiricilerinden direkt temin edilen 44 bal örneği materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Örneklerde asetamiprid, klotianidin, dinotefuran, imidakloprid, nitenpiram, tiyaloprid ve tiametoksam varlığı Sıvı Kromatografi Kuadrupol Uçuş Zamanlı Kütle Spektrometresi (LC-MS Q-TOF) kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Analiz edilen örneklerin hiçbirinde neonikotinoid grubu insektisitlere rastlanmamıştır. Analiz edilen örneklerde neonikotinoidlere rastlanmaması Türkiye açısından umut verici bir bulgudur. Neonikotinoidlerin kullanım şekilleri ve canlı organizmalara etkileri üzerine artan araştırmalar yanında, çevresel varlığının da düzenli olarak takip edilmesi ve limitlerin belirlenmesinin, halk sağlığının korunması açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
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