Antibiotic, heavy metal, and disinfectant resistance in chicken, cattle, and sheep origin <i>E. coli</i> and whole‐genome sequencing analysis of a multidrug‐resistant <i>E. coli</i> O100:H25 strain

Çufaoğlu, Gizem; Cengiz, Görkem; Acar, Bahar Onaran; Yesilkaya, Busra; Ayaz, Naim Deniz; Levent, Gizem; Göncüoğlu, Muammer

doi:10.1111/jfs.12995

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

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“…All the E. coli isolates from coyotes and wild hogs carried the mdf(A) resistance gene, which confers resistance to diverse group cationic compounds and multiple antimicrobial classes including chloramphenicol, macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin, certain aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones [ 45 ]. The detection of the mdf(A) gene in this study is consistent with other genomic studies characterizing E. coli isolates from livestock including dairy calves, pigs [ 46 ], and poultry [ 47 , 48 ]. Other resistance genes detected in both coyotes and wild hogs have been previously reported from wildlife species, domestic animals, and humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Genomic Characterization of Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Beta-Lactam Antimicrobials from Wild Hogs and Coyotes

Awosile,

Fritzler,

Levent

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and mobile genetic elements of 16 Escherichia coli isolates—with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime and imipenem—that were recovered from the fecal samples of coyotes and wild hogs from West Texas, USA. Whole-genome sequencing data analyses revealed distinct isolates with a unique sequence type and serotype designation. Among 16 isolates, 4 isolates were multidrug resistant, and 5 isolates harbored at least 1 beta-lactamase gene (blaCMY-2, blaCTX-M-55, or blaCTX-M-27) that confers resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials. Several isolates carried genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines (tet(A), tet(B), and tet(C)), aminoglycosides (aac(3)-IId, ant(3″)-Ia, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(3″)-lb, aadA5, and aph(6)-ld), sulfonamides (sul1, sul2, and sul3), amphenicol (floR), trimethoprim (dfrA1 and dfrA17), and macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) agents (Inu(F), erm(B), and mph(A)). Nine isolates showed chromosomal mutations in the promoter region G of ampC beta-lactamase gene, while three isolates showed mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE quinolone resistance-determining regions, which confer resistance to quinolones. We also detected seven incompatibility plasmid groups, with incF being the most common. Different types of virulence genes were detected, including those that enhance bacterial fitness and pathogenicity. One blaCMY-2 positive isolate (O8:H28) from a wild hog was also a Shiga toxin-producing E. coli and was a carrier of the stx2A virulence toxin subtype. We report the detection of blaCMY-2, blaCTX-M-55, and blaCTX-M-27 beta-lactamase genes in E. coli from coyotes for the first time. This study demonstrates the importance of wildlife as reservoirs of important multi-drug-resistant bacteria and provides information for future comparative genomic analysis with the limited literature on antimicrobial resistance dynamics in wildlife such as coyotes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Genomic Characterization of Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Beta-Lactam Antimicrobials from Wild Hogs and Coyotes

Awosile,

Fritzler,

Levent

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Critical review of AMR risks arising as a consequence of using biocides and certain heavy metals in food animal production

James,

Onarinde

et al. 2023

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the resistance of a microorganism to an antimicrobial agent (a substance that kills or stops the growth of microorganisms) that was originally effective for treatment of infections caused by it. As a result standard antimicrobial drug treatments may become ineffective, lead to infections persisting, increasing the risk of spread to others, and negative clinical outcomes. AMR is a major public health issue worldwide and it is estimated that unless action is taken to tackle AMR, the global impact of AMR could be 10 million deaths annually from drug-resistant infections by 2050 and cost up to US $100 trillion in terms of cumulative lost global production (O’Neill, 2016). Addressing the public health threat posed by AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK and led to the Government publishing both a 20-year vision of AMR (Opens in a new window) and a 5-year (2019 to 2024) AMR National Action Plan (NAP) (Opens in a new window), which sets out actions to slow the development and spread of AMR. Intensive food animal production plays an important role in the development and spread of AMR and is one of many routes by which consumers can be exposed to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This review was carried out to help increase our understanding of whether, and to what extent, the use of biocides (disinfectants and sanitisers) and heavy metals (used in feed and other uses) in animal production leads to the development and spread of AMR within the food chain (a subject highlighted in the NAP). Whether this could potentially lead to greater consumer exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria present in our food, either directly through consumption of foods derived from animals that have undergone treatment (for example from the use of heavy metals in animal feed) or indirectly (for example from exposure of crops to contaminated soil or ground water) is not known. Focused searching of three literature databases (Web of Science (Opens in a new window), Scopus (Opens in a new window), and MEDLINE (Opens in a new window)) was undertaken, supplemented by additional records identified through other sources. Due to the range of publications identified and different laboratory methodologies used in these studies no statistical analysis was possible, so instead, a narrative approach was taken to their review and to the review of supplementary materials. We conclude that there is published evidence that the release of chemicals like biocides (in particular disinfectants) and/or heavy metals from food animal production have the potential to contribute to the selection, emergence, and spread of AMR (as bacteria or genes) that could be acquired by consumers, and that this could present a potential risk to the consumer as a result. The published evidence is sparse and there are significant knowledge gaps (as detailed in this report). Currently there are insufficient data for a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of risk, and a need for focussed in-field studies (as detailed in this report) to be carried out to fill these knowledge gaps and confirm whether there is an actual risk.

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Antibiotic, heavy metal, and disinfectant resistance in chicken, cattle, and sheep origin E. coli and whole‐genome sequencing analysis of a multidrug‐resistant E. coli O100:H25 strain

Cited by 2 publications

References 68 publications

Genomic Characterization of Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Beta-Lactam Antimicrobials from Wild Hogs and Coyotes

Genomic Characterization of Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Beta-Lactam Antimicrobials from Wild Hogs and Coyotes

Critical review of AMR risks arising as a consequence of using biocides and certain heavy metals in food animal production

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