This study was carried out between July 2007 and June 2008 and reports on the occurrence of human myiasis caused by the New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in São Gonçalo in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Liquid or solid vaseline was used to suffocate the larvae, which were then preserved in 70% ethanol and sent to the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz for identification. C. hominivorax were identified in all 22 cases of myiasis. There were 12 male and 10 female patients with ages ranging from 03 to 71. Ethnically the highest incidence was among black people, with 17 cases. Open wounds were the main cause of the parasitosis, whereas poor personal hygiene, the low educational level, alcoholism, bedridden patients, and physical or mental disability were possibly secondary factors; in addition to all these factors the income of the patients was very low.

Human myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil -The occurence of human myiasis caused by larvae of Cochliomyia hominivorax was registered for the first time in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. From November, 1999 to October, 2002 were registered, in three public hospitals 24 cases of myiasis in human beings, of both sexes, with age varying from 08 to 93 years old. The wounds infested with screwworms observed in these patients were classified as cutaneous, oral, anal, aureal and ocular myiasis. The inferior members were more frequently attacked (10/24) (41.7%) than the other anatomic areas. In all of the cases, the

Samples were collected every month in three different sites of the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Brazil: site A was located on the border of the forest and sites B and C were located 1,000 and 500 m, respectively, towards the forest interior. The objective was to determine edge effects on a fragment of the Atlantic Forest. The greatest species richness was observed in sites A and B (23 species), compared with site C (16 species). Site A showed the greatest abundance and constancy, independent of the degree of synanthropy. Asynanthropic species were more abundant and constant in sites B and C. Site B showed the greatest diversity; and sites A and B showed the greatest similarity of populations. There was no significant correlation between Calliphoridae richness and canopy openness except in site C. Richness and abundance were positively correlated with subwood density, except for richness in site B.Keywords: edge effect, diversity, constancy index. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre a dipterofauna (Calliphoridae) na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, RJ ResumoForam realizadas coletas mensais em três pontos da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá: o ponto A estava localizado na borda da mata, e os pontos B e C estavam localizados, respectivamente, a 1000 e 500 m no interior da mata. Objetivou-se determinar os efeitos de borda em um fragmento da Mata Atlântica. A riqueza de espécies foi maior nos pontos A e B (23 espécies), em relação ao ponto C (16 espécies). No ponto A, ocorreu maior abundância e constância de califorí-deos, independente do seu grau de sinantropia. Nos pontos B e C, as espécies assinantrópicas foram mais abundantes e constantes. O ponto B apresentou a maior diversidade registrada. Os pontos A e B apresentam maior similaridade quanto às populações. Não houve significativa correlação entre riqueza de califorídeos e abertura do dossel, exceto no ponto C. Riqueza e abundância correlacionaram-se positivamente com densidade do sub-bosque, exceto para riqueza no ponto B.Palavras-chave: efeitos de borda, diversidade, índice de constância.

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Este estudo foi realizado entre abril e setembro de 2008 e relata a ocorrência de miíases humanas causadas por Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) em São Gonçalo no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Para a coleta das larvas, foi utilizada vaselina líquida ou sólida para sufocar as larvas, que foram então preservadas em etanol 70% e enviadas para o Instituto Oswaldo Cruz para identificação. As larvas provenientes de três pacientes parasitados, um homem e duas mulheres negros com idade entre 36 a 76 anos, foram identificadas como pertencentes a espécie C. hominivorax. Ferida aberta foi a principal causa da parasitose, e ainda higiene pessoal precária, baixo nível educacional, alcoolismo e paciente acamado foram possivelmente os fatores secundários. Human Myiasis Caused by Larvae of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in São Gonçalo, RJ, Brazil: Socio-Economic Approach Abstract. This study was carried out between April and September 2008 and reports on the occurrence of human myiasis caused by the New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in São Gonçalo in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Liquid or solid vaseline was used to suffocate the larvae, which were then preserved in 70% ethanol and sent to the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz for identification. There were 01 male and 02 females black patients with ages ranging from 36 to 76 and C. hominivorax were identified in all 03 cases of myiasis. Open wounds were the main cause of the parasitosis, whereas poor personal hygiene, the low educational level, alcoholism, bedridden patients were possibly secondary factors.