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were identified in non-human primates and carnivores. Poor structural and sanitary conditions of CETAS-PE are related to the parasites identified in this study and should be taken into account for the adoption of appropriate control measures. The results of this study will contribute significantly to the conservation of wildlife in CETAS-PE and health of the professionals responsible for maintaining these animals.

Human myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil -The occurence of human myiasis caused by larvae of Cochliomyia hominivorax was registered for the first time in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. From November, 1999 to October, 2002 were registered, in three public hospitals 24 cases of myiasis in human beings, of both sexes, with age varying from 08 to 93 years old. The wounds infested with screwworms observed in these patients were classified as cutaneous, oral, anal, aureal and ocular myiasis. The inferior members were more frequently attacked (10/24) (41.7%) than the other anatomic areas. In all of the cases, the

Successful programs for ex situ and in situ conservation and management of raptors require detailed knowledge about their pathogens. The purpose of this study was to identify the internal parasites of some captive raptors in Mexico, as well as to verify their impact in the health status of infected birds. Birds of prey were confiscated and kept in captivity at the Centro de Investigación y Conservación de Vida Silvestre (CIVS) in Los Reyes La Paz, Mexico State. For this, fecal and blood samples from 74 birds of prey (66 Falconiformes and eight Strigiformes) of 15 species, juveniles and adults from both sexes (39 males and 35 female), were examined for the presence of gastrointestinal and blood parasites. Besides, the oropharyngeal cavity was macroscopically examined for the presence of lesions compatible with trichomoniasis. Among our results we found that lesions compatible with Trichomonas gallinae infection were detected only in two Red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) (2.7%); nevertheless, infected birds were in good physical condition. Overall, gastrointestinal parasites were found in 10 (13.5%) raptors: nine falconiforms (13.6%) and one strigiform (12.5%), which mainly presented a single type of gastrointestinal parasite (90%). Eimeria spp. was detected in Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), Swainson's hawk (Buteo swainsoni), Red-tailed hawk (B. jamaicensis) and Great horned owl (Bubo virginianus); whereas trematodes eggs were found in Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and Swainson's hawk (B. swainsoni). Furthermore, eggs of Capillaria spp. were found in one Swainson's hawk (B. swainsoni), which was also infected by trematodes. Hemoprotozoarian were detected in five (6.7%) falconiforms: Haemoproteus spp. in American kestrel (F. sparverius) and Leucocytozoon spp. in Red-tailed hawk (B. jamaicencis). Despite this, no clinical signs referable to gastrointestinal or blood parasite infection were observed in any birds. All parasites identified were recorded for the first time in raptors from Mexico. Furthermore, this represents the first report for T. gallinae, trematodes, Haemoproteus spp. and Leucocytozoon spp. in raptors from Latin America. Diagnosis and control of parasitic infections should be a part of the routine in health care evaluations for ex situ raptor populations. Finally, this information is also valuable for in situ conservation actions on these birds. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (3): 1265-1274. Epub 2011 September 01.

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Serum samples from 315 horses from Costa Rica, Central America, were examined for the presence of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora spp., and Toxoplasma gondii by using the surface antigen (SAG) SnSAG2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the NhSAG1 ELISA, and the modified agglutination test, respectively. Anti- S. neurona antibodies were found in 42.2% of the horses by using the SnSAG2 ELISA. Anti- Neospora spp. antibodies were found in only 3.5% of the horses by using the NhSAG1 ELISA, and only 1 of these horses was confirmed seropositive by Western blot. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 34.0% of the horses tested, which is higher than in previous reports from North and South America. The finding of anti- S. neurona antibodies in horses from geographical areas where Didelphis marsupialis has wide distribution suggests that D. marsupialis is a potential definitive host for this parasite and a source of infection for these horses.

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In this study, we investigated the presence of gastrointestinal helminths in 97 captive birds (Psittaciformes and Accipitriformes) necropsied between June and December 2011 in the state of Paraiba, Brazil. Forty-three birds were infected. Psittaciformes were infected by nematode Ascaridia hermaphrodita (97.6%) and cestode Raillietina sp. (2.4%). A. hermaphrodita was found in all species of parrots and Raillietina sp. was found only in Amazona aestiva. A. hermaphrodita was the cause of death, by intestinal obstruction, in 14 of the 40 birds investigated. Accipitriformes were infected by nematode Synhimantus (Synhimantus) rectus (100%) and acantocephalan Centrorhynchus tumidulus (50%). In Brazil, Diopsittaca nobilis and A. aestiva are reported for the first time as hosts of A. hermaphrodita and Raillietina sp., respectively. We concluded that Psittaciformes and Accipitriformes in captivity are affected by nematodes, cestodes and acanthocephalans and that implementation of control measures is essential.Keywords: Acanthocephalans, accipitriformes, cestodes, nematodes, psittaciformes. ResumoEste estudo objetivou-se investigar a presença de parasitos gastrointestinais em aves de cativeiro da Ordem Psittaciformes e Accipitriformes no estado da Paraíba-Brasil. Foram necropsiadas 97 aves durante o período de junho a dezembro de 2011. Em 43 (44.3%) aves, foi detectada a presença de nematóides, cestóides e/ou acantocéfalos. A prevalência de parasitos gastrointestinais em Psittaciformes foi de 45.6% (41/88) e os helmintos identificados foram Ascaridia hermaphrodita (Ascaridoidea, Ascarididae) (40/41, 97.6%) e Raillietina sp. (Cyclophyllidea, Davaineidae) (1/41, 2.4%). A. hermaphrodita foi encontrada em todas as espécies de papagaios e Raillietina sp. foi encontrada apenas na Amazona aestiva. Em aves Accipitriformes, a prevalência foi de 22.2% (2/9) e os helmintos identificados foram Synhimantus (Synhimantus) rectus (Spirurida, Acuariidae) (2/2, 100%) e Centrorhynchus tumidulus (Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchidae) (1/2, 50 %). Todos os parasitos encontrados neste estudo são relatados pela primeira vez em aves Psittaciformes e Accipitriformes no estado da Paraíba. No Brasil, Diopsittaca nobilis e A. aestiva são apresentados pela primeira vez como hospedeiros da A. hermaphrodita e Raillietina sp., respectivamente. Concluiu-se que aves Psittaciformes e Accipitriformes de cativeiro são afetadas por nematóides, cestóides e acantocéfalos, e que a implementação de medidas de controle é imprescindível.