Parasites of Psittaciformes and Accipitriformes in Paraíba state, northeastern Brazil

Melo, Cristiane Maria Fernandes de; Oliveira, Jaqueline Bianque de; Feitosa, Thaís Ferreira; Vilela, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro; Athayde, Ana Célia Rodrigues; Dantas, Antônio Flávio Medeiros; Wagner, Paulo Guilherme Carniel; Febrônio, Andrei Brum

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612013000200051

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is common in Psittaciformes birds being identified in all orders of birds sampled in the present study. In CETAS of João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, Brazil, Ascaridia was recovered by necropsy of Psittaciformes birds as causa mortis intestinal due to intestinal obstruction (Melo et al, 2013). According to Snak et al (2012) taenid eggs were prevalent in captive birds in Paraná State, Brazil, however this eggs were identified in the present study.…”

Section: Discusioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Survey of Gastrointestinal Parasites of the Center for Screening of Wild Animals From São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil

Figueiredo¹,

Manrique²,

Nogueira³

2018

Ars Vet

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The objective was to identify the gastrointestinal parasites of wild animals received by the Center for Screening of Wild Animals from São Luis, Maranhão State, Brazil. The fecal samples were collected from 297 animals, of which 150 (50.5%) were birds, 132 (44.5%) mammals and 15 (5%) reptiles. A total of 262 samples (227 individual and 35 pools) were analyzed by the method of sedimentation and flotation, 102 animals were parasitized by helminthes and/or protozoa, 39 of which belonged to the order Primate, 18 to the Carnivorous order and 12 to the Psittaciformes order. The mammals had the greatest diversity of eggs of gastrointestinal parasites: Strongyloides sp., hookworm type, Spirometra sp., Ascaris sp., Trichuris vulpis, Capillaria sp., Strongyloidea, Ancylostomidae , taenid and oocysts of coccidian. In the samples of birds were diagnosed eggs of the genera Dispharynx, Ascaridia, Echinostoma and oocyst of coccidian. In the reptiles, the number of gastrointestinal parasites was low, being identified oocyst of coccidian in three jiboia (Boa constrictor) and Capillaria sp. in an iguana (Iguana iguana). It was concluded that wild animals act as hosts for various species of parasites and to establish the dynamics and parasitic fauna of these animals at the screening center is an excellent alternative for studies ex situ. RESUMOObjetivou-se identificar os parasitos gastrintestinais de animais silvestres recepcionados pelo Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de São Luís, Maranhão. As amostras fecais foram coletadas entre agosto de 2006 a julho de 2008, totalizando 297 animais, dos quais 150 (50,5%) foram aves, 132 (44,5%) mamíferos e 15 (5%) répteis. Do total de 262 amostras (227 individuais e 35 pools) analisadas pelo método de sedimentação simples e flutuação, 102 animais estavam parasitados por helmintos e/ou protozoários, sendo que, 39 pertenciam à ordem Primata, 18 à Carnívora e 12 à Psittaciforme. Os mamíferos apresentaram a maior diversidade de ovos de parasitos gastrintestinais, como Strongyloides sp., ancilostomídeo, Spirometra sp., Ascaris sp., Trichuris vulpis, Capillaria sp., Strongyloidea, Ancilostomídeo e tenideos, além de oocistos de coccídios. Em amostras de aves identificaram-se ovos dos gêneros Dispharynx, Ascaridia, Echinostoma, e também de oocistos de coccídeos. Nos répteis, o número de parasitos gastrintestinais foi baixo, sendo identificados oocisto de coccídeo em três jiboias (Boa constrictor) e Capillaria sp. em uma iguana (Iguana iguana). Concluiu-se que animais silvestres atuam como hospedeiros para diversas espécies de parasitos, e estabelecer a riqueza e a dinâmica da fauna parasitária desses animais nos centros de triagem é uma excelente alternativa para a realização de estudos ex situ.

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Section: Discusioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Survey of Gastrointestinal Parasites of the Center for Screening of Wild Animals From São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil

Figueiredo¹,

Manrique²,

Nogueira³

2018

Ars Vet

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“…Diarreia, emagrecimento, apatia e morte podem ocorrer quando a carga parasitária é elevada (Freitas et al 2001e 2002a, Deem et al 2008, Sibaja-Morales et al 2009. A obstrução intestinal provocada pelo nematódeo Ascaridia hermaphrodita foi responsável pela morte de 14 psitacídeos no CETAS de João Pessoa-PB (Melo et al 2013). Fizeram parte deste estudo, três espécimes de Sapajus flavius (Macaco-prego-galego), os quais estavam parasitados por Strongylida, Strongyloides sp., T. trichiura e Coccídios.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O conhecimento sobre a fauna parasitária de animais selvagens é fundamental para os estudos de impactos na saúde, principalmente de espécies ameaçadas (Muniz-Pereira et al 2009). Neste sentido, o diagnóstico coproparasitológico e o controle de infecções parasitárias devem ser parte da rotina de protocolos sanitários em animais de cativeiro (UICN 1998, Felasa 1999, Freitas et al 2001, 2002a, Deem et al 2008, Sibaja-Morales et al 2009, Melo et al 2013. A realização periódica de exames coproparasitológicos é fundamental para orientar médicos veterinários e biólogos sobre a necessidade ou não da utilização de produtos antiparasitários, o que evitará gastos desnecessários e diminuirá também o risco de mortalidade (Deem et al 2008, Sibaja-Morales et al 2009.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Parasitos de aves e mamíferos silvestres em cativeiro no estado de Pernambuco

et al. 2015

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were identified in non-human primates and carnivores. Poor structural and sanitary conditions of CETAS-PE are related to the parasites identified in this study and should be taken into account for the adoption of appropriate control measures. The results of this study will contribute significantly to the conservation of wildlife in CETAS-PE and health of the professionals responsible for maintaining these animals.

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“…A strict sanitary control of animals in conservation projects is necessary since high animal density and poor sanitary measures contribute significantly to increasing mortality rate [7]. In this context, routine coproparasitological exams assists in the maintenance of the birds' health [22]; these exams show endoparasitoses present in the site, facilitating the preparation of treatment protocols [16]. Although the actual epidemiological status of endoparasites in free-living Ara ararauna is unknown [20], deworming protocols for birds intended for release in natural environments are different from those used in specimens under observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitism by Syngamus trachea in Blue-and-Yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna)

Paula

Silva

Hirano

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Ara ararauna is widely distributed in South America and frequently affected by anthropogenic activities and environmental pressures such as illegal bird trafficking, and habitat loss. Also some endoparasites can threaten their health, and cause their death, or prevent the reintroduction of the animal to its natural environment. The objective of the present work was to report the occurrence of parasitism by Syngamus trachea in an Ara ararauna.Case: An adult, 900-gram female Ara ararauna from a project for the rehabilitation of the Brazilian fauna was kept in a collective nursery together with 12 specimens of the same species. Their diet was composed of typical fruits of the region, which were offered twice a day, and water ad libitum. The macaws had no previous history of anthelmintic treatment. The specimen evaluated presented progressive weight loss, constant sneezing, and reduced appetite for seven days. During physical examination the animal presented apathy, lethargy, spiked feathers, body condition score of 1/4, frequent sneezing, and inspiratory dyspnea. After this examination, the bird died, and the necropsy was performed. The postmortem findings were pale periocular, oral, and cloacal mucosae, cachexia, and presence of parasites of round shape, reddish color, with length of approximately 0.5 cm, in the proximal portion of the trachea. Another parasite with the same characteristics, but smaller in size, showing Y shape was found in the body. The trachea also showed colorless mucus and petechial hemorrhages in the proximal and middle portions of the mucosa. These parasites were subjected to morphological analysis in the Laboratory of Microscopy of the University Center of Triângulo and were identified as Syngamus trachea.Discussion: The diagnosis was based on morphological analysis of the parasite. This parasite can be transmitted through infected worms, which are paratenic hosts of S. trachea. Chickens may also be parasitized by S. trachea; consequently, they may have contributed to the dispersion of eggs of S. trachea in the environment, since they had free access to the entire rural property. There is a positive correlation between parasitism by S. trachea and body condition loss in other bird species that may be connected to the lowering of its feed conversion and food consumption. The mechanical irritation caused by parasites in the tracheal lumen was probably the cause of the clinical manifestations involving the respiratory tract, which were characterized by dyspnea and sneezing. Moreover, petechial hemorrhages, increased mucus production within the trachea, and paleness of the visible mucosa are alterations probably caused by traumatic action and the hematophagous habit of the nematode in the trachea of the bird. Climatic and soil conditions can favor the maintenance of S. trachea eggs and larvae and the permanence of the verminosis in the environment. Therefore, a strict sanitary control of the animals in conservation projects is necessary, with a routine of coproparasitological examinations. Although the actual epidemiological status of endoparasites in free-living Ara ararauna is unknown, deworming protocols for birds intended for release in natural environments are different from those used in specimens under observation. Birds that will return to free life receive antiparasites only in cases of clinical symptomatology associated with positive tests of verminoses to maintain the natural resistance of the birds to the parasites found in their natural environment. The results of this report, showing the occurrence of infection of Ara ararauna by Syngamus trachea denotes the importance of periodic coproparasitological exams.

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Parasites of Psittaciformes and Accipitriformes in Paraíba state, northeastern Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Survey of Gastrointestinal Parasites of the Center for Screening of Wild Animals From São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil

Survey of Gastrointestinal Parasites of the Center for Screening of Wild Animals From São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil

Parasitos de aves e mamíferos silvestres em cativeiro no estado de Pernambuco

Parasitism by Syngamus trachea in Blue-and-Yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna)

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