-Monthly collections were made using two traps 5 m apart exposed for 48h, containing sardines and installed at points: A -at the edge (500 m from the entrance of the Reserve); B -1200 m from the entrance and 1000 m inside the forest; and C -1700 m from the entrance and 500 m inside the forest. The purpose was to evaluate the abundance and richness of calliphorid species as a function of the environmental conditions using Pearson's correlation, compare the richness of the areas using ANOVA and Tukey's test, compare the abundances of the areas by the Kruskal-Wallis test, and also assess the possible infl uence of the anthropic presence. Rare, intermediary and common species were identifi ed. The collection totalized 8515 Calliphoridae belonging to 26 species, with a predominance of females. None of the 13 species considered common presented a correlation between abundance and temperature: only Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) and Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) were correlated with humidity and only Mesembrinella semihyalina Mello with precipitation. This parameter was the only climatic variable correlated with richness. The greatest abundance and richness of calliphorids occurred in September 2006. From the 13 common species, seven were considered synanthropic, indicating the effect of anthropic action in this site.

A biodiversidade é regulada por vários fatores, em várias escalas, sendo esses fatores locais ou regionais (Moreno 2001). Em uma mesma área geográfica, a diversidade reflete a coexistência entre os organismos, que interagem através da competição por utilizarem as mesmas fontes ou o mesmo ambiente (Whittaker 1967). Em ambientes em equilíbrio competitivo, a diversidade total de espécies apresenta-se normalmente baixa e as espécies são suficientemente diferentes ABSTRACT. Analysis of Calliphoridae (Diptera) fauna in Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro. The present study investigates the calliphorid fauna in the Biological Reserve of Tinguá using faunistic indices. Monthly samplings were carried out using traps containing sardines that were exposed for 48 hours at the sites: A, at the border of the forest; B, 1,000 m towards the interior of the forest; and C, 500 m towards the interior of the forest. The objective was to study the Calliphoridae fauna in forest environments using faunal indices. Jackknife 2 at site B produced a higher value, however, indicating that it was possible to collect five other species in the reserve and three more species at A and C. Diversity was greatest at B, but evenness was similar at the sites. B and C showed a greater level of similarity in species composition (dendogram); L. nigripes and Mesembrinella bellardiana, which are the most important species at these two sites, appeared grouped together. Chrysomya albiceps, Chrysomya megacephala and Hemilucilia semidiaphana, the main species at Site A, also appear together.KEYWORDS. Blow fly; diversity; evenness; variety.RESUMO. Análise faunística de Calliphoridae (Diptera) da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro. O presente estudo investiga a fauna de califorídeos na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá usando como meios os índices faunísticos. Realizaram-se coletas mensais com armadilhas contendo sardinha expostas por 48 horas, nos pontos: A-borda da mata; B-1000 metros para interior da mata; C-500 metros para interior da mata. Objetivou-se estudar a entomofauna califorídica em ambiente florestal através de índices faunísticos.

Samples were collected every month in three different sites of the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Brazil: site A was located on the border of the forest and sites B and C were located 1,000 and 500 m, respectively, towards the forest interior. The objective was to determine edge effects on a fragment of the Atlantic Forest. The greatest species richness was observed in sites A and B (23 species), compared with site C (16 species). Site A showed the greatest abundance and constancy, independent of the degree of synanthropy. Asynanthropic species were more abundant and constant in sites B and C. Site B showed the greatest diversity; and sites A and B showed the greatest similarity of populations. There was no significant correlation between Calliphoridae richness and canopy openness except in site C. Richness and abundance were positively correlated with subwood density, except for richness in site B.Keywords: edge effect, diversity, constancy index. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre a dipterofauna (Calliphoridae) na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, RJ ResumoForam realizadas coletas mensais em três pontos da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá: o ponto A estava localizado na borda da mata, e os pontos B e C estavam localizados, respectivamente, a 1000 e 500 m no interior da mata. Objetivou-se determinar os efeitos de borda em um fragmento da Mata Atlântica. A riqueza de espécies foi maior nos pontos A e B (23 espécies), em relação ao ponto C (16 espécies). No ponto A, ocorreu maior abundância e constância de califorí-deos, independente do seu grau de sinantropia. Nos pontos B e C, as espécies assinantrópicas foram mais abundantes e constantes. O ponto B apresentou a maior diversidade registrada. Os pontos A e B apresentam maior similaridade quanto às populações. Não houve significativa correlação entre riqueza de califorídeos e abertura do dossel, exceto no ponto C. Riqueza e abundância correlacionaram-se positivamente com densidade do sub-bosque, exceto para riqueza no ponto B.Palavras-chave: efeitos de borda, diversidade, índice de constância.

Myiases are infestations with dipteran larvae in both necrosed and living tissues, the food source of these insects. These illnesses occur in warm humid climates, and are most frequent in developing countries. We assessed the epidemiological aspects and the influence of climate on the occurrence of myiases and the bioagents in patients admitted to the federal Hospital do Andaraí in Rio de Janeiro from February 2007 to 2008. The influence of abiotic factors (temperature, humidity, and rainfall) on the incidence of myiases was investigated by using the Pearson's correlation test. Of the 40 patients studied, the prevalence of myiases was higher in adults, particularly in the 40 to 65 year-old (37.5%) African descent males (57.5%). Most of the injuries were caused by trauma (62.5%). Some patients made use of licit (50%) and illicit drugs (17.2%). The occurrence of myiases was not affected by the abiotic factors investigated. The cases reported here were treated in only one hospital, indicating that the disease is relatively common. The most frequent bioagent was Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), but Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and Dermatobia hominis (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were also detected causing myiases. Chrysomya albiceps is an exotic etiologic agent of myiases.

We report a rare case of myiasis caused simultaneously by three dipterous species. A 54 yr-old indigent patient was admitted to Andaraí Hospital with painful eruptions on the scalp. The parieto-occipital sulcus showed two lesions caused by scratching associated with deep, odoriferous and exudative pediculosis. Larvae removed with the help of forceps and vaseline produced 153 adults, identified in the laboratory as 114 specimens of Chrysomya megacephala (F., 1794), 38 of Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis (F., 1794), and one of Musca domestica (L., 1758).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the post—embryonic development of Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann 1818) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) reared on a diet of gizzard or gizzard/agar homogenate, with a diet of beef used as the control. Four replicates per treatment were performed (60 mL of each diet). The gizzard (60%), distilled water, and agar homogenate were combined in a blender. Each replicate consisted of 40 newly hatched larvae of C. putoria (5th generation). Each glass beaker containing a diet was inserted into a larger flask containing sawdust, which was covered with a nylon cloth held in place by an elastic band. The larvae were weighed and stored in test tubes sealed with a nylon cloth and an elastic band. The average temperature, measured with a thermohygrograph, was 20.6 °C, and the average relative humidity was 67.7%. The variation in the mean weight of mature larvae and in the duration of the larval, pupal, and total stages (newly hatched larvae to imagoes) were analyzed by Student's t—test (α = 5%), while viability was compared by ANOVA. The sex ratio was evaluated by the chi—squared test. The average duration of the period from the larval to imago stage was 8.868 days on the beef diet, 8.676 on the gizzard diet, and 9.067 on the gizzard/agar homogenate diet. Larval survival rates on these diets were 98, 92, and 73%, respectively, while pupal viabilities were 98, 91, and 71%, respectively, and larva—to—imago viabilities were 93, 83, and 64%, respectively. The duration of the pupal period differed significantly between the blowflies reared on the beef and gizzard/agar homogenate diets. The two diets proved to be good alternatives for rearing C. putoria.

Central nervous system actinomycosis is a rare but treatable chronic suppurative bacterial infection. The case of a young immunocompetent male with actinomycosis of the CNS is presented. The abscess originated from a primary cervico-facial infection and was located in the left parasellar region. After excision of the mass, that showed Actinomyces colonies, the patient was treated with intravenous Penicillin for 42 days followed by oral administration of the drug for 30 days. After surgery the patient was left with mild sequelae that had improved by the last follow-up, 7 months later. A new CT scan at that time revealed no residual disease or recurrence. The early diagnosis of cerebral actinomycosis relies essentially on a clinical suspicion. Hence it is imperative to be aware of the natural history of this infection and its various modes of presentation.

RESUMOOs efeitos de borda são consequências da fragmentação dos ambientes e promovem modificações nos fatores abióticos e bióticos que regulam o ecossistema. Essas modificações também são perceptíveis a nível dos artrópodes, que devido a sua abundância e diversidade têm papel fundamental nos ecossistemas florestais. Conhecer as transformações geradas por este impacto antrópico sobre os dípteros pode contribuir para entender o que acontece aos demais grupos de animais e possibilitar estratégias de mitigação destes impactos. Os dípteros ciclorrafos podem ser um grupo especial para este tipo de estudo por agrupar diferentes hábitos em suas diversas famílias. Palavras-chave: Desmatamento; fragmentação florestal; moscas; espécies exóticas; extinção de espécies. ABSTRACT BORDER EFFECTS ON ARTHROPODS IN TROPICAL FORESTS, WITH EMPHASIS ON DIPTERA CICLORRAPHA.Border effects, which are caused by the fragmentation of environments, lead to modifications of the abiotic and biotic factors that regulate the ecosystem. These modifications are also perceptible at the level of arthropods, which play a fundamental role in forest ecosystems due to their abundance and diversity. Knowledge of the transformations produced by this anthropic impact on Diptera may contribute toward a better understanding of the fate of other groups of animals and thus enable the design of impact mitigation strategies. The Diptera: Cyclorrapha can be a special group for this type of study by bringing together several different habits in their families.