For a long time, scientific research has been carried out at the VNIIMZ on the basis of the Department of Biotechnology in the field of bioconversion of organic resources into biological means intended for use in agriculture as fertilizers, plant growth stimulants, and bioconservants for silage forage crops. One of the promising basic developments of the department is the patented way of obtaining a biokonservant by peat fermentation with excrement of agricultural animals, including extraction of bioactive substances, which, in fact, constitute the basis of the product being formed. The material of the publication presented contains a comparative analysis of a patented method for producing a biokonservant and a modified method in which new biostimulant and extractant are used. The investigated processes were compared in the dynamics of enzyme activity. The results of the studies showed that the introduction of a new multicomponent biostimulator activated the enzymatic activity in the bioconversion process of the initial substrate. Two bursts of oxidation-reduction reaction activity were recorded at the key stages of the process (the oxidation-reduction ratio of the initial mixture was 1.3 and the fermentation product was 1.23 in the new technology versus 0.14 and 0.06 in the base technology, respectively). In this case, the high activity of invertase in the initial substrate provided an intensification of the process of cleavage of complex carbohydrates to monomers. The change in the extractant had no significant effect on the enzymatic activity. The extraction period was characterized by a decrease in the activity of all the enzymes studied, regardless of the technology used. Additional studies of a complex biostimulator are required to increase and grow lactic acid microflora, as in the finished biokonservant by the new technology, the lactic acid microflora titer is nx107 cfu / ml, which is lower by an order of magnitude than in the finished product according to the basic technology.
The accumulation of animal and poultry waste poses a serious environmental hazard to the environment. One of the ways to eliminate it is the developed technological line for processing animal waste into organic fertilizers and preparations for agriculture and plant growing. The original peat-manure mixture must meet the following requirements - humidity 65-70%, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen - 20-25: 1, pH - 6-8. Controlled modes and parameters of the fermentation process form a high-quality, environmentally friendly fermentation product, which is used as a finished organic fertilizer. It is also possible to obtain a liquid-phase biopreparation from the fermentation product, characterized by a high level of biogenicity (total microbial number of at least 1 × 1010 CFU / ml) Extraction is carried out for two days for this purpose. The sediment formed after the separation of the extracted mass is characterized by a favorable composition and can either itself, after appropriate refinement, be used as an organic fertilizer, or be used as a raw material for obtaining a liquid humic preparation (the content of humic acids is at least 5 g / l, dry matter - not less than 17 g / l, pH 8-9) and humic paste (humidity 80-85%, the content of humic acids is not less than 20%, pH 12-13). Each product of the technological line has its own function for plant growing and agriculture. The technological line is waste-free, resource-saving; it is distinguished by the relative simplicity of production, the ability to scale and use regional raw materials.
A b s t r a c tWorldwide, the mineral fertilizers, because of their multiple negative effects, become less popular. Therefore, more producers prefer to use biofertilizer and biological preparations for obtaining high crop yield with good quality. Fertilizers fill the soil with additional material, while biologicals contribute to effective mobilization of soil organic matter and biota. At All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands (VNIIMZ) the КMN biofertilizer (multi-purpose compost) has been developed. Advantage of the КMN as a base fertilizer lies in its high nutritional value, physiological, ecological and biogenic properties. Also, a novel biological product, the LPB, have been developed. It is characterized by the presence of physiologically relevant amounts of growth factors and energy sources in a combination favorable to the plant. The LPB composition allows to maintain soil fertility and crop productivity. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the KMN and LPB on the potato (Solanum tubetosum L.) variety Zhukovsky and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Irgina. The micro plot tests were conducted in 2011-2013 on the experimental field of VNIIMZ (Tver' Province). With spring wheat, the KMN biofertilizer was used at a dose of 7 t/ha, and NPK dose was 300 kg/ha. Biological product (LPB stock preparation) was diluted with tap water as 1:300, 1:500 and 1:1000 and applied at 0.1 l/m 2 by spraying plants. In control no fertilizers were used. In total, there were 12 combinations of plant treatment. In wheat, a total yield, weight of 1000 grains, and the grain protein content were estimated. With potato, only KMN (4 t/ha) was used as fertilizer. Potato plants were treated with LPB three times (at sprouting, budding and flowering) by means of a hand sprayer. In this, four LPB doses (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 l/m 2 ) and two dilutions (1:30 and 1:300) of the stock preparation were used. Control potato plants were not treated with LPB. The potato yield and the tuber distribution by size were estimated. The intensity of redox processes in the soil was evaluated by the oxidative-reduction ratio (ORR) as the catalase to dehydrogenase activity rate. Spraying spring wheat with 1:300 LPB solution at 0.1 l/m 2 , additionally to КMN application, resulted in the highest yield among all the studied variants (27.5 kg/ha), and it was 15 % higher compared to LPB application together with NPK. The rich harvest was obtained due to larger grains. Mobilizing effect in the soil under spring wheat was higher if no basic fertilizers were used, and also when NPK was used without biopreparation. At the same time, the crop yield with NPK and without fertilizers was generally inferior to that obtained with NPK together with biologicals, when the yield increased due to activity of LPB microflora, and with KMN due to activation of microflora of biofertilizer and bioprparation, particularly at high concentration of the biopreparation (1:300). The highest yield of potatoes (372.1 kg/ha, including 352.1 kg/ha of co...
This paper considers the selection of stabilizing/preserving agents for a long-time storage of the liquid-phase biological product (LBP) used in crop production. LBP belongs to microbiological products, so the authors have been challenged to preserve its activity by reaching three objectives: to keep the number of useful microflora close to the original one, prevent the growth of sanitary indicator microorganisms (enterobacteria) and avoid a bad smell caused by active microflora.The work has been performed in three experiment series. Experiment Series 1 and 2, which are different by time (six months and a year), have been devoted to the studying of stabilizing properties of some preservatives such as sodium benzoate, sodium thiosulfate, aminobenzoic acid and sodium chloride. Experiment Series 3 has tested LBP (of different storage durations) in spring wheat germination. It has been found that the best LBP quality is guaranteed by 5% (mass to mass) sodium chloride at low storage temperatures. The storage duration for LBP containing the stabilizer should not exceed six months.
Abstracts-Ameliorative loosening of soils improved its water-air and food regimes and intensified aerobic microorganisms with the increased levels of energetic activity. The number of aerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria in topsoil increased with respect to control group by 17.8%, while that in the subsurface layer increased by 8.8%. Intensity of linen fabric decomposition increased, on average, by 14.0-28.6% and catalase activity increased by 8.7-24.4%. Increased activity of soil microflora provides activation of soil respiration and high crop yields.
The liquid-phase biological product (LBP) is a high-level biogenesity, nutritional value and physiological effect. This work considers an efficacy the LBP influence on the growth and development of potatoes. The research was conducted of a VNIIMZ test field (Tver Region, Russia). The LBP was used for potatoes flooding and spraying in various concentrations on the background of the basic organic fertilization. It has been revealed that the spraying was more effective. The maximum crop rise (14.9 % relative to the basic organic fertilizer background) was achieved by a triple spraying with the LBP working solution made by its dilution 1:300 by water. The LBP promoted the development of medium and large potato tubers - which finally formed almost 90% of the total productivity. This fact was caused by greater forming of new tubers: the number of them grew by 54% during the test period.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.