The liquid-phase biological product (LBP) is a high-level biogenesity, nutritional value and physiological effect. This work considers an efficacy the LBP influence on the growth and development of potatoes. The research was conducted of a VNIIMZ test field (Tver Region, Russia). The LBP was used for potatoes flooding and spraying in various concentrations on the background of the basic organic fertilization. It has been revealed that the spraying was more effective. The maximum crop rise (14.9 % relative to the basic organic fertilizer background) was achieved by a triple spraying with the LBP working solution made by its dilution 1:300 by water. The LBP promoted the development of medium and large potato tubers - which finally formed almost 90% of the total productivity. This fact was caused by greater forming of new tubers: the number of them grew by 54% during the test period.
The accumulation of animal and poultry waste poses a serious environmental hazard to the environment. One of the ways to eliminate it is the developed technological line for processing animal waste into organic fertilizers and preparations for agriculture and plant growing. The original peat-manure mixture must meet the following requirements - humidity 65-70%, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen - 20-25: 1, pH - 6-8. Controlled modes and parameters of the fermentation process form a high-quality, environmentally friendly fermentation product, which is used as a finished organic fertilizer. It is also possible to obtain a liquid-phase biopreparation from the fermentation product, characterized by a high level of biogenicity (total microbial number of at least 1 × 1010 CFU / ml) Extraction is carried out for two days for this purpose. The sediment formed after the separation of the extracted mass is characterized by a favorable composition and can either itself, after appropriate refinement, be used as an organic fertilizer, or be used as a raw material for obtaining a liquid humic preparation (the content of humic acids is at least 5 g / l, dry matter - not less than 17 g / l, pH 8-9) and humic paste (humidity 80-85%, the content of humic acids is not less than 20%, pH 12-13). Each product of the technological line has its own function for plant growing and agriculture. The technological line is waste-free, resource-saving; it is distinguished by the relative simplicity of production, the ability to scale and use regional raw materials.
Livestock and poultry wastes, when effectively managed, become feedstock for organic fertiliser production. Researchers from the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands, the branch of Federal Research Center “V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”, proposed an accelerated regimen of cattle manure solid-phase fermentation with peat: 48 h at 37 °C, then 48 h at 60 °C and 24 h at 37 °C, terminating with nat-ural cooling of the fermented mass. A distinctive feature of the proposed accelerated fermentation is maintenance of set-point temperatures. The aim of the work is to perform a microbiological evaluation of the process of accelerated solid-phase fermentation. An experiment was carried out in a 1.75 dm3 laboratory fermenter. During the fermentation, we studied the number of microorganisms, which use organic and mineral nitrogen forms, using the limiting dilution method, as well as the species membership by mass spectrometry. The experimental findings showed that the temperature regime of the main fermentation steps yielded the maximum number of mesophilic and thermophilic nitrogen-transforming microorganisms. Their active growth caused the intensive transformation of the fermented mixture, as evidenced by mesophilic and thermophilic mineralisation coefficients. At the end of the process, the linear mineralisation coefficients were used to assess the completion of the fermentation product transformation and stabilisation. The fermentation product comprised a high number of nitrogen-transforming microorganisms (on average, 3.5±0.3•108 COE/g on a dry weight basis). The determination of the microbiota species membership in the fermented mass and the final product confirmed that the process temperature regime ensured the elimination of the sanitary-indicatory microorganisms present in the original mixture (E. coli, Citrobacter, Proteus). In addition, during pasteurisation, this regime led to the active development of non-pathogenic Bacillus bacteria (B. megaterium, B. subtilis, B. licheniformic, B. pumilus and B. altitudinis). The fermentation product is recommended for use as an environmentally safe organic fertiliser based on the microbiological evaluation.
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