Abstract. Climate and urban environment changes lead to tropical building adaptation and resilient strategy. They focus especially on thermal comfort and noise propagation variation as the result of global warming and urban growth. This study analyzes a conceptual design of tropical urban model on integrated design of thermal and acoustic (thermoacoustic) issues. By experimental measurement and simulation method using Computational Fluid Dynamics, the findings are directed to meet the standards and to recommend the new guidelines for sustainable urban building. The research location is in Surabaya as the urban tropical lowland area and EcoHouse of ITS, a tropical building model in an urban environment, was built as experiment model. The results highlighted that the noise barrier should consider 5.24% of the maximum window to wall ratio (WWR) in tree dimensionally analysis, horizontally and vertically. Providing vertical ventilation is the best solution for urban density, but the orientation and its flanking noise affect the passive cooling. In general, there are some factors having a high contribution in addition to WWR, such as wind acceleration, the distance, and building material.

Abstrak-Phenomenology in architecture is associated with perception between the subject and the space, which one of the studies includes multisensory experience. In general, contemporary architecture accentuates the visual experience, among other sensory modalities. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research about the exploration of multisensory perception in architectural design. This study aims to explore how sensory activities or blind and visual impaired experience the spatial and the elements of architecture. This study is started by examining a brief literature review and then conducts qualitative research (in-depth interview and participant observation) to explore sensory experience and perception of blind people. The result finds from the five elements, walls and windows are the most influential elements for blind people. The existence of a wall has the potential to be a wayfinding of haptic system and has an echo effect. While the aperture opening element influences the illumination of light as well as indicators of outside space limits. The research outcome shows that people with visual impairment also acknowledge and they recognize these principles of design. They recognize contrast of temperature through the opening element, rhythm of texture through the wall, surface balance through the furniture, and hierarchy of noise through the window.

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The science that deals with the transformation of electrical energy into acoustic energy or vice versa, electroacoustics, generates an increased intensity and loudness of sound by mechanical and/or electrical means. It should be designed simultaneously with the consideration of room acoustics. A vertical building is usually designed separately from the architectural aspect and other technical considerations. An interior mezzanine has unique sound propagating characteristics because its balconies could be an element of the room acoustic reflectors and absorbers, shelters from noise and barriers to sound propagation. For optimum music and speech activities, a hybrid active design strategy using electroacoustics combined with a passive method is used. This research optimizes the room acoustic criteria of different building models as building systems integrated with loudspeakers. Ecotect Analysis and additional audio programming determine the overall process by simulating all potential variables. The results show that 5 m is the recommended minimum distance of column-loudspeaker placement for mezzanine floors. With the same loudspeaker power and frequency specifications, the vertical structure, as the armature of electroacoustic orientation, and the interior materials are the most critical variables in determining reverberation time optimization.

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In an urban environment, the growing number of elderly population increases because of the increase in life quality. In order to face the increasing amount of elderly, the elderly needs to be empowered so they can still productive in their aging phase. This design research aims to upgrade the quality of Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) for the elderly through behavior setting of elderly by using Space Syntax. Field measurement and interview were conducted to obtain data for simulation using Depth Map analysis to predict room connection and integrity. The result highlighted that resilience design conducted through respect to the relation between the room that can lead elderly rejuvenation in tropical climate country.

An urban environment leads to tropical building adaptation by providing sufficient thermal comfort and energy efficiency. For generating the physiological cooling, interconnected attribute of site cluster permeability is translated into lower context such as building scale to provide optimal wind speed to restore thermal comfort. It will be expected to find the critical factor which most influences the performance. Meanwhile, the encoding of the space connectivity to accelerate air movement has been evaluated by previous studies. In this paper, the counter reading of visibility relationships analysis on computational fluid dynamics is conducted and decoded by DepthmapX simulation. The site clusters type of grid, cul-de-sac, and the open area plan of a loop represent housing estates in some tropical regions as the cases. The results highlighted that 50% or more translated air movement from the site to the building scale environment is determined by the dominated warmest connectivity of open space. The potency of energy efficiency is indicated by the capability of accommodating both social connectivity and environmental performance. Furthermore, the code of irregular building patterns by increasing air movement has low spatial and social connectivity because of space depthless. Providing open space for site planning encourages both environmental and social qualities.

The difference in geographical altitudes in tropical environment not only causes variations in climate and environment leading to influences on thermal comfort, but also effects on noise propagation variation. This study proposes the site barrier optimization and integrated control on thermal performance and environmental noise to reach the standards using ANSYS Fluent and MATLAB simulations method. The research locations are in Surabaya as the lowland area and Malang as highland area, all are representatives of tropical urban environment of Indonesia. The results highlighted that the minimum barrier distance to receiver for the lowest barrier height (1.5 m) for both thermal and noise improvement is 5.63 m. Meanwhile, at minimum distance for noise control (1.8 m), the minimum reference height of aperture is 1.02 m when it uses lowest barrier height.