The traditional use of essential oils in aromatherapy has offered numerous health benefits. However, few scientific studies have been conducted with these oils to confirm their therapeutic efficacy. (+)-Limonene is a chemical constituent of various bioactive essential oils. The present study reports on the anxiolytic-like effects of (+)-limonene in an elevated maze model of anxiety in mice. At concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0%, (+)-limonene, administered to mice by inhalation, significantly modified all the parameters evaluated in the elevated plus maze test. The pharmacological effect of inhaled (+)-limonene (1%) was not blocked by flumazenil. Analysis of (+)-limonene using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed its volatility to be high. These data suggest possible connections between the volatility of (+)-limonene and its anxiolytic-like effect on the parameters evaluated in the elevated plus maze test. The data indicate that (+)-limonene could be used in aromatherapy as an antianxiety agent.

The bone marrow aspiration procedure is used in hematological diseases and consists of a painful, invasive procedure causing anxiety-associated symptoms. The present study assessed the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on the treatment of anxiety, in the moment that precedes the collection of medullary material in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Volunteers from both sexes were divided into groups receiving either the C. aurantium essential oil through inhalation, diazepam (10 mg), or the placebo. The evaluation was performed through psychometric scales [State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)] and physiological measurements (blood pressure and cardiac and respiratory frequency). Inhalation of C. aurantium was associated with a decrease in the STAI-S scores, suggesting an anxiolytic effect. In support of these results, a change in all the physiological measurements was observed in the group exposed to C. aurantium. In the diazepam group, only the diastolic pressure decreased, and no effect was observed in the placebo group. Therefore, the results showed that C. aurantium exhibits an anxiolytic effect and reduces the signs and symptoms associated with anxiety in patients with CML.

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O zumbido, som percebido pelo indivíduo sem que haja estímulo externo, resulta da interação dinâmica de centros do sistema nervoso central, incluindo vias auditivas e não auditivas. O resultado desta interação, especialmente sistema límbico e sistema nervoso autônomo, seria responsável pelo desencadeamento de associações emocionais negativas e reações de incômodo em pacientes com zumbido. A ansiedade, condição fisiológica inerente ao ser humano, quando exacerbada gera um transtorno de humor, comprometendo o pensamento, o comportamento e a atividade psicológica. Se um estímulo interno ou externo for interpretado como perigoso ou ameaçador, desencadeará uma reação emocional caracterizada como estado de ansiedade. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a relação do zumbido e da ansiedade. Em se tratando do zumbido, a forma como o som é percebido pode ser alterado pela ansiedade, aguçando assim a sensibilidade para detectar sons que parecem uma ameaça em potencial, pois para muitos o zumbido é sinônimo de enfermidade grave. A etiologia do desenvolvimento da depressão e ansiedade pode estar relacionada ao zumbido. Muitos adquirem esse sintoma por problemas físicos e, consequentemente, desenvolvem a depressão e a ansiedade. Outros com graus diferentes de angústias adquirem o zumbido devido ao comprometimento emocional. Dessa forma, existe um vínculo entre o zumbido e problemas emocionais, mas nem sempre é fácil identificar o precursor. Estudos demonstram que pacientes acometidos pelo zumbido apresentam maior tendência ao suicídio, depressão e ansiedade. Além disso, referem o efeito aditivo da ansiedade e da depressão na qualidade de vida e no zumbido dos indivíduos.

A doença de Castleman é um distúrbio linfoproliferativo raro. Há três tipos histológicos: hialino-vascular (mais comum), variante de células plasmáticas e forma mista. A forma hialino-vascular é caracterizada tipicamente por apresentar uma evolução clínica benigna, sem sintomas constitucionais (doença localizada). É geralmente tratada com cirurgia e/ou radioterapia. A doença multicêntrica apresenta sintomas sistêmicos. Ainda não há um consenso sobre qual a melhor abordagem terapêutica. Nós reportamos o caso de um homem de 47 anos de idade com uma massa abdominal e sintomas compressivos. Após ressecção cirúrgica parcial, os exames histopatológico e imunohistoquímico revelaram doença de Castleman variante hialino vascular. Como as células foliculares eram CD20+, administramos rituximab (anticorpo monoclonal anti-CD20). A maioria dos casos revisados não consideram este tipo de abordagem, exceto no caso de doença de Castleman multicêntrica associada a infecção pelo HHV-8 e sarcoma de Kaposi. Geralmente considera-se o paciente curado após retirada cirúrgica da massa na doença localizada, mas realmente há um risco do paciente desenvolver um linfoma não-Hodgkin no seguimento a longo prazo. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um caso raro que deve ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial de desordens linfóides e discutir o tratamento desta doença. Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter. 2005; 27(2):133-137.

Background and aimObese individuals with recommendation for bariatric surgery (BS) exhibit increased cardiovascular risk. The association of obesity with comorbidities, such as arterial hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can worsen cardiovascular dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HTN on cardiac autonomic function and whether diabetes exacerbates HTN-related impairment of autonomic function in obese subjects.MethodsSamples (n=63) were allocated to three groups: Obese without HTN and T2DM (n=29), Obese with HTN (OHTN, n=17) and OHTN with T2DM (OHTN+T2DM, n=17), in which anthropometric measures, body composition, blood biochemical parameters, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) were evaluated.ResultsThe age was higher in OHTN+T2DM and OHTN than in obese groups (p<0.05). OHTN+T2DM individuals had increased neck circumference and compromised glycemic profile when compared to obese and OHTN groups (p<0.05). Mean values for standard deviation of RR (SDRR), square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR interval (RMSSD) and number of pairs of successive normal-to-normal beat intervals that differed by 50 ms (pRR50) were significantly lower in OHTN+T2DM and OHTN groups when compared to patients with obesity alone (p<0.05). The low frequency (LF), low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio were higher in the OHTN+T2DM and OHTN than subjects with obesity alone (p<0.05). Nonlinear parameters SD2 and SD1 were also lower in the OHTN+T2DM when compared to the obese group (p<0.05). However, the SD2/SD1 ratio was higher in the OHTN+T2DM and OHTN groups than the obese group. ConclusionT2DM and/or HTN impair the cardiac autonomic function in obese patients. However, the presence of T2DM did not exacerbate the hypertension-related impairment of autonomic function.

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Background and aim: We evaluated low skeletal muscle mass (LMM) in women prior to bariatric surgery (BS) through different skeletal muscle mass indexes (MMIs) regarding body fat percentage (BFP), handgrip strength (HS), six-minute walk test (6MWT), metabolic profile and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: Women (n=62) were allocated into two groups according to LMM: obesity with low muscle mass (OLMM) or obesity with normal muscle mass (ONMM). LMM was defined by the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) adjusted for weight (ASM/wt × 100) and ASM adjusted for body mass index (ASM/BMI), considering the lowest quintile of the indexes studied. Results: OLMM was found in 30.5% by ASM/wt × 100 and 20.3% by ASM/BMI. Using the ASM/wt × 100, OLMM group had a high BFP, low HS and BMD in L1-L4, femoral neck (FN) and total femur (TF) when compared with ONMM (p < 0.05). Using ASM/BMI, OLMM group had increased BFP, reduced HS and 6MWT in comparison to ONMM (p < 0.05). Metabolic profile was similar between OLMM and ONMM groups by the two MMIs. MMIs were negatively correlated with BFP (p < 0.05) and positively correlated with HS (p < 0.05), and none of them with 6MWT (p > 0.05). ASM/wt × 100 was positively correlated with all BMD sites assessed (p < 0.05). There was positive correlation between ASM/wt × 100 and ASM/BMI. Conclusion: OLMM identified by the ASM/wt × 100 and ASM/BMI had higher adiposity and lower HS. Using ASM/BMI, we found that OLMN had a poor physical performance, while the ASM/wt × 100 identified a lower BMD at all sites.