Nanotechnology is a fast-growing technology that plays an important great impact on various fields of therapeutic applications. It is capable for solving several problems related to animal health and production. There are different nano-systems such as liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanospheres, functionalized fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, polymer-coated nanocrystals and nanoshells. In this review, we mentioned different methods for the preparation and characterization of nanoparticles. This review is concerned mainly on nanoparticle systems for antibiotic delivery which suffer from poor bioavailability and many side effects. Nanoparticles are characterized by many features include their minimal size, colossal surface zone to mass extent. The development of antimicrobials in nanoparticle systems is considered an excellent alternative delivery system for antimicrobials for the treatment of microbial diseases by increasing therapeutic effect and overcoming the side effects. In this paper, we reviewed some antimicrobial nanoparticle preparations and we focused on florfenicol and neomycin nanoparticle preparations as well as chitosan and silver nanoparticles preparations to prepare, characterize and compare their different pharmacological effects.

In this paper, rapid, easy and cheap sonochemical method was described for synthesis of florfenicol-chitosan nanocomposite and to evaluate its anti-bacterial effect against Escherichia coli (ATCC35218), Salmonella typhymurium (ATCC14028) and Staph. aureus (ATCC29213). Florfenicol-chitosan nanocomposite was fully characterized for index, identification and morphology properties. Results of zeta potential for florfenicol-chitosan nanocomposite was -28 mV. Brunner-Emmett-Teller theory (BET) surface area was found to be 13.3, 73.2 and 103.69 m 2 /g for florfenicol, chitosan nanoparticles and florfenicol-chitosan nanocomposite, respectively. Raman charts confirmed the formation of florfenicol-chitosan nanocomposite without any contamination. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) images and data illustrated spherical to sub spherical shape of florfenicol nanoparticles on sheet shape of chitosan with size less than 75 nm. Remarkable results of florfenicol-chitosan nanocomposite as anti-bacterial agent illustrated the power of nanotechnology. However, antimicrobial activity was screened where the zone of inhibitions caused by the prepared nanocomposite were 24.7 mm, 30.6 mm and 29.3 mm compared to 17.7 mm, 16 mm and 18.7 mm of the native drug against E. coli, Salmonella typhymurium and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively.

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Objectives: Both nano silver and neomycin have wound healing properties. Silver nanoparticles have been used as main compounds for therapeutic drug delivery systems against various ailments. The present study aimed to prepare a neomycin silver nano-composite gel easily, rapidly, and cheaply method to improve wound healing. Methods: Forty-five Wistar rats (150–200 g) divided into nine groups: wound untreated, wound fusidic acid treated, wound neomycin treated, three groups with wound and neomycin silver nano-composite gel at 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 concentrations, respectively, and three groups wound treated silver nano gel at the previous concentrations, respectively. Percentages of wound healing and histopathological examination of the wound area were assessed in all groups. Results: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images demonstrated the spherical shape of neomycin silver nano-composite gel without aggregation but homogenous dispersion in a gel matrix. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed a 4 nm size of nano silver, which agrees with AFM image data analysis but not with TEM image due to the good coating of the gel matrix to silver nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering Zeta potential was −21 mV, illustrating the high bioactivity of the neomycin silver nano-composite. The groups receiving neomycin silver nano-composite gel showed a significantly higher and dose dependent wound healing compared to other treatment groups. Conclusion: The present work confirmed the potential wound healing activity of neomycin silver nano-composite gel compared to either alone.

A NATURAL herbal product well-known as Astragalus membranaceus root that is widely distributed in China; contains many biologically active components that are used for medicinal purposes. This study determined the value of supplementation Astragalus membranaceus root powder (AMP) to the daily feed on hematological constituents, rumen parameters, immunoglobulins, and antioxidant response in Egyptian Rahmani sheep. In addition to, the in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity study of AM extract. A total number of twenty-five Rahmani sheep were joined randomly in our study with average weight (60-70 kg) and age (5-6 years old). After 2 weeks of adaptation, sheep received 20 g/ animal/ day of (AMP) mixed with their daily feed for 28 days. Statistical significant increase in hematological components, leukocyte count, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, and Immunoglobulin G contents after 14 days and 28 days of the daily feed of 20g of AMP that enhanced by time with no difference in insulin level. In contrast, malondialdehyde showed a lower concentration on 14 and 28 days of supplementation with an increase in total volatile fatty acid and rumen ammonia nitrogen content after AMP fed on days 14, and 28 compared to zero days with enrichment in protozoal activity. The in-vitro study showed AMP possesses a potent anti-inflammatory activity.We concluded that, using AMP as a natural feed additive can enhance hematology and rumen parameters with improvement in immunity and antioxidant activity in Rahmani sheep. Also, it possesses anti-inflammatory activity.