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"Antioxidant action of teas and seasonings more consumed in Brazil". Antioxidants are compounds that remove free-radicals or minimize their availability to generate oxidative stress. Teas are popular beverages providing a significant source of phenolic compounds, important components of the human diet due to their antioxidant properties. The present work had the objective of evaluate the antioxidant action of teas and seasonings more consumed in Brazil. The analysed teas were from the plants: Pneumus boldus Mold., Matricaria recutita L., Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC, Camelia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze (fermented), Camelia sinensis (not-fermented), Lippia alba N.E. Brown, Mentha arvensis L. and Pyrus malus L. The studied seasonings were: Eugenia aromatica Baill, Cinnamonum zeylanicum Blume, Laurus nobilis L. and Origanum vulgare L. The antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH free radical scavenging method. All analysed samples demonstrated antioxidant activities. Camelia sinensis (not-fermented) (IC 50 = 0.14 mg/mL), was the most active and active principles are epicalocatechins. The stronger antioxidant seasonings were Cinnamonum zeylanicum (IC 50 = 0.37 mg/mL), Eugenia aromatica Baill (IC 50 = 0.46 mg/ mL and Laurus nobilis (IC 50 = 0.76 mg/mL), which presented as main antioxidant component eugenol.

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Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease that can manifest itself in visceral and cutaneous form. The aim of this study was to search for new leishmanicidal compounds. Preliminarily, Artemia salina assay was applied to compounds from two plants found in Northeastern Brazil, Platymiscium floribundum and Annona muricata. Then these compounds were tested against three Leishmania species (Leishmania donovani, Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania major). A screening assay using luciferase-expressing promastigote form were used to measure the viability of promastigote One coumarin, scoparone, isolated from P. floribundum and two acetogenins, annonacinone and corossolone isolated from A. muricata showed leishmanicidal activity in all species tested. Nevertheless, Leishmania species indicated different susceptibilities in relation to the tested compounds: L. mexicana was more sensitive to scoparone followed by L. major and L. donovani. The three species presented similar inhibition to corossolone and annonacinone. Acetogenin annonacinone (EC50 = 6.72 8.00 μg/mL) indicated high leishmanicidal activity; corossolone (EC50 = 16.14 18.73 μg/mL) and scoparone (EC50 = 9.11 27.51 μg/mL) moderate activity. A. saline larvae were less sensitive to the coumarin scoparone and acetogenin corossolone was the most toxic. In conclusion, the leishmanicidal activity demonstrated by the coumarin and acetogenins indicate these compounds for further studies aiming the development of new leishmanicidal agents.

Palavras-chave: farmácias vivas, acetilcolinesterase, antiradical, doença de AlzheimerABSTRACT: Correlation between the anti-radical, anti-acetylcholinesterase activities and phenolic content of some extracts of live herbal pharmacies in the Northeast of Brazil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenolic content of 18 medicinal plant extracts of "Live Pharmacies" and correlate them with their free radical scavenging activity and inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Higher amounts of phenolic compounds were found in the following plants: Eugenia uniflora, Lippia alba, Lippia microphylla, Mentha x villosa, Ocimum gatissimum, and Ocimum selloi. The species that showed higher anti-radical activity were Croton zenhtneri, Lippia alba, Malphigia glabra, and Spondias mombim, similar to quercetin. The plants Cecropia pachystachia, L. alba, L. microplylla, M. glabra, O. gratissimum, and Plectranthus ornatus showed larger inhibition zones of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. By correlating the two actions L. alba and M. glabra are common as more active to both tests and only L. alba correlates directly with the phenolic content. Through this study, L. alba and M. glabra are considered the most promising plants for further studies to find new compounds with potential action against Alzheimer´s disease.

Perfil fitoquímico e potencial antioxidante de extratos Etanólicos da espécie Bauhinia monandra Kurz (FABACEAE) Phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of Ethanol extracts of the speciesBauhinia monandra Kurz (FABACEAE)

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