The purpose of this study was to evaluate the financial value of food crops and beef cattle integrated farming trans migrants in Central Bengkulu. The research was carried out in Margo Mulyo Village, Pondok Kubang Sub-district, and Central Bengkulu Regency of Bengkulu Province from year 2017 to May 2018, by applying survey methodology. Secondary data were obtained from Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Plantation of Central Bengkulu Regency and the primary data were gathered from respondents by purposive random sampling as many as 20 trans migrant farmers. Data were analyzed descriptively and economic analysis of business feasibility. The result of the research showed that the absorption of labor trans migrant farmers about 154.22 man days/ ha, corn cultivation business about 154.22 man days/ha and business livestock beef cattle around 139.4 man days/ha. Rice cultivation which expended by IDR 5,314,740,-/harvest, yielded net profit of IDR 4,938,495,-/harvest with B/C ratio of 0.96±0.23 Corn cultivation which expended by IDR 5,260,650,-/harvest, yielded net profit by IDR 1,100,600,-/harvest with B/C ratio of 0.24±0.09. Whilst beef cattle keeping, which expended of IDR 47,200,500,-/year, yielded net profit of IDR 5,902,500,-/ year with B/C ratio 0.14±.0.07 Integrated farming of food crops and cattle was financially beneficial.
INTISARITujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui analisis ekonomi usaha tanaman pangan dan kambing Kosta. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Sukarame Kecamatan Carita Kabupaten Pandeglang Banten. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 20 responden peternak pada agroekosistem tanaman pangan dan peternak kambing Kosta melalui wawancara langsung dilengkapi alat kuesioner. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara pada unit rumah tangga peternak,sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari Dinas terkait. Analisis data secara deskriptif ,kualitatif, kuantitatif dan analisis ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha tanaman jagung mendatangkan keuntungan bersih Rp559.450,-/panen dengan B/C ratio 1,2. Keuntungan bersih dari usaha kambing Kosta sebesar Rp1.810.950,-/tahun, atau setara dengan Rp248.550,-/bulan dengan B/C ratio sebesar 1,1. Jumlah penyerapan tenaga kerja untuk usaha tanaman jagung sebanyak 131,12 HOK atau setara dengan Rp1.966.800,-/tahun, waktu yang banyak digunakan peternak untuk menanam jagung adalah mengolah lahan dan membersihkan rumput, sedangkan penyerapan tenaga kerja usaha kambing Kosta sebesar 2,57 HOK atau setara dengan Rp38.550,-/tahun, dan waktu digunakan peternak untuk menggembala ternak. Limbah hasil pertanian di lokasi penelitian seperti limbah jagung dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan kambing Kosta.(Kata kunci: Analisis ekonomi, Kambing Kosta, Tanaman pangan) ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to determine the economic analysis of crop and livestock enterprises Costa goat. The experiment was conducted in the village of Sukarame District of Pandeglang
Rumput benggala merupakan tanaman pakan ternak (TPT) yang banyak digunakan oleh peternak di Indonesia. Pengembangan budidaya TPT, selalu diarahkan pada lahan sub optimal. Salah satu lahan suboptimal yang luas keberadaannya adalah lahan kering masam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat karakter morfologi dan produktivitas kultivar rumput benggala di tanah masam. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Ternak Ciawi, menggunakan 3 kultivar rumput benggala (kultivar Petrie, Gatton dan Natsuyutaka). Kultivar tersebut ditanam di 2 jenis tanah yaitu tanah masam dan tidak masam pada pot berdiameter 40 cm. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan 10 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah karakter morfologi, umur berbunga, produksi biji dan produksi hijauan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa karakter morfologi seperti panjang dan, panjang ruas, diameter batang, panjang kuntum bunga lebih dipengaruhi oleh kultivar jika dibandingkan jenis tanah. Sedangkan produktivitas rumput lebih dipengaruhi jenis tanah, produktivitas tanaman menurun pada tanah masam jika dibandingkan di tanah tidak masam. Semua kultivar rumput benggala yang diuji produktivitasnya menurun pada tanah masam, menunjukkan bahwa ketiga kultivar yang diuji tidak toleran pada lahan masam. Sehingga perlu dilakukan kegiatan pemuliaan untuk memperoleh rumput benggala toleran masam. Kata kunci: produksi, suboptimal, tanaman pakan
Reproductive traits determine the selection method in plant breeding. The benggala grass of the Hamil cultivar was thought to be apomictic; thus, a study was conducted to determine its reproduction. The research began by studying the morphological characters, continued with observing the generative phase and seed production of the cultivar planted from seeds (generative) and from pols (vegetative). The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Research Institute of Animal Production. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with ten replications, and the treatments were different types of plant materials: seeds and pols. The Hamil cultivar taken from RIAP Collection was planted in pots with a diameter of 40 cm and a height of 30 cm. The results showed that most of the morphological characters of the Hamil cultivar planted from seeds and from pols were not different (P >0.05), so it was presumed that they were apomictic. The difference in morphology was only in the length and width of the flag leaves and the length of the internodes, where the cultivars planted using seeds were higher. The production of seeds, pithy seed weight, and seed germination of cultivars planted using seeds were higher (P <0.05). Further research is needed to determine the apomixis properties based on cytologically Hamil cultivars. Keywords: apomixis, benggala grass, morphology, plnting material; seed
Indonesia has about 17,506 islands consisting of large and small islands. Outermost small islands are direct boundary of Indonesia with neighboring countries. These outermost islands have the potency to be used as quarantine area and for livestock development, especially beef cattle in order to support the development of food security of meat. Some of outermost islands are Jemaja island in Riau Province, Singkil island in Aceh Province and Naduk island in Bangka Belitung Province. Criteria to determine quarantine area and livestock development are availability of natural resources (fresh water and forage), free of contagious diseases, human resources, market access, and transportation. This paper describes about the condition and forage availability in those three islands and their surrounding area. Those islands have potential variety of forage with different carrying capacities. Type of grass that has been adapted in the outermost islands are Paspalum conjugatum, Axonopus compressus, Cynodon dactylon, Cynodon plectostachyus, and Panicum repens. ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki sekitar 17.506 buah pulau yang terdiri dari pulau-pulau besar dan kecil. Pulau-pulau kecil terluar merupakan batas negara Indonesia dengan negara tetangga. Keberadaan pulau-pulau terluar tersebut memiliki potensi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan dikelola untuk kepentingan karantina dan pengembangan ternak, khususnya sapi potong dalam mendukung pengembangan ketahanan pangan daging. Pulau-pulau terluar tersebut diantaranya Pulau Jemaja di Provinsi Riau, Pulau Singkil di Provinsi Aceh dan Pulau Naduk di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Kriteria penentuan lokasi karantina dan pengembangan peternakan meliputi ketersediaan sumber daya alam (air tawar dan sumber pakan), bebas penyakit menular, ketersediaan sumber daya manusia, ketersediaan akses pasar dan transportasi. Makalah ini menguraikan tentang kondisi dan ketersediaan hijauan di ketiga pulau tersebut dan daerah sekitarnya. Pulau-pulau terluar tersebut memiliki potensi sumber hijauan pakan ternak yang beraneka ragam dengan kapasitas tampung beragam. Jenis-jenis rumput yang secara umum sudah beradaptasi di pulau-pulau terluar tersebut antara lain rumput pahitan (Paspalum conjugatum), rumput karpet (Axonopus compressus), rumput bermuda (Cynodon dactylon), rumput kakawatan (Cynodon plectostachyus) dan jajahean (Panicum repens). Kata kunci:Pulau-pulau kecil terluar, hijauan pakan, karantina, peternakan PENDAHULUAN
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