Outermost Small Islands in Indonesia for Quarantine Area and Livestock Development

Abstract

Indonesia has about 17,506 islands consisting of large and small islands. Outermost small islands are direct boundary of Indonesia with neighboring countries. These outermost islands have the potency to be used as quarantine area and for livestock development, especially beef cattle in order to support the development of food security of meat. Some of outermost islands are Jemaja island in Riau Province, Singkil island in Aceh Province and Naduk island in Bangka Belitung Province. Criteria to determine quarantine area and livestock development are availability of natural resources (fresh water and forage), free of contagious diseases, human resources, market access, and transportation. This paper describes about the condition and forage availability in those three islands and their surrounding area. Those islands have potential variety of forage with different carrying capacities. Type of grass that has been adapted in the outermost islands are Paspalum conjugatum, Axonopus compressus, Cynodon dactylon, Cynodon plectostachyus, and Panicum repens. ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki sekitar 17.506 buah pulau yang terdiri dari pulau-pulau besar dan kecil. Pulau-pulau kecil terluar merupakan batas negara Indonesia dengan negara tetangga. Keberadaan pulau-pulau terluar tersebut memiliki potensi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan dikelola untuk kepentingan karantina dan pengembangan ternak, khususnya sapi potong dalam mendukung pengembangan ketahanan pangan daging. Pulau-pulau terluar tersebut diantaranya Pulau Jemaja di Provinsi Riau, Pulau Singkil di Provinsi Aceh dan Pulau Naduk di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Kriteria penentuan lokasi karantina dan pengembangan peternakan meliputi ketersediaan sumber daya alam (air tawar dan sumber pakan), bebas penyakit menular, ketersediaan sumber daya manusia, ketersediaan akses pasar dan transportasi. Makalah ini menguraikan tentang kondisi dan ketersediaan hijauan di ketiga pulau tersebut dan daerah sekitarnya. Pulau-pulau terluar tersebut memiliki potensi sumber hijauan pakan ternak yang beraneka ragam dengan kapasitas tampung beragam. Jenis-jenis rumput yang secara umum sudah beradaptasi di pulau-pulau terluar tersebut antara lain rumput pahitan (Paspalum conjugatum), rumput karpet (Axonopus compressus), rumput bermuda (Cynodon dactylon), rumput kakawatan (Cynodon plectostachyus) dan jajahean (Panicum repens). Kata kunci:Pulau-pulau kecil terluar, hijauan pakan, karantina, peternakan PENDAHULUAN

Typology Mapping of Small Border Islands in the Context of Optimizing the Role as a Center for Regional Growth and Environmental Supporting Capacity in Anambas Islands Regency

“…This deep environmental ecology group includes a political ecology perspective [4], a climate change perspective [5,6], an ecological priority perspective [7], public participation [8], conservation area perspective [9] .The economic aspect states that the potential for high biodiversity and small island biodiversity can increase regional economic growth [10]. This frontier economic group includes the perspective of development investment and linkages with tourism such [11][12][13], perspective of new city reclamation urban island, spatiality perspective and city formation, land-sea configuration, and the nature of urban public spaces between land and sea [14], fiscal policy perspective [15], perspective of subsidy assistance central government [16][17][18], the perspective of basic needs infrastructure development assistance [19][20][21][22][23][24].…”