BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the common complications that occur during pregnancy. Early intervention is essential to prevent the development of the disease in the nonpregnant state but also helpful in preventing the occurrence of GDM. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of aerobic exercises on insulin sensitivity and fasting plasma glucose level in pregnant women with risk for gestational diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty multigravidae women between 20-24 weeks of gestation with risk for GDM were randomly selected (age range was 25-35 years), body mass index ranged from 30-35 kg/m². Women were divided into two equal groups: intervention group (A), which followed an aerobic exercise program in the form of walking on treadmill, three times weekly until the end of 37 weeks of gestation in addition to diet control. Control group (B) which received diet control with usual care given by obstetricians and midwives. Evaluation of the women in both groups was carried out before and after treatment program through assessment of fasting blood glucose and insulin levels. RESULTS: There was a highly statistically significance decrease in fasting blood glucose level, fasting insulin level in both groups where the p value was 0.0001 favoring group (A). CONCLUSION: Moderate intensity of aerobic exercises were effective in reducing fasting blood glucose level and fasting insulin level in pregnant women with risk for gestational diabetes mellitus.
[Purpose] The present study investigated the relationships of physical activity and
healthiness with the intelligence quotients of high school students in Jeddah. [Subjects
and Methods] A total of 135 male and female students were randomly drawn from public and
private secondary schools in Jeddah. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to the
students that included demographic, physical activity, and health status sections. Body
mass index measurement and an intelligence quotient test were carried out for all
students. In addition, samples of blood were collected to estimate hemoglobin and serum
iron. [Results] The highest proportions of males and females (39.1% and 51% respectively)
had an intelligence quotient score of more than 75%. Moreover, the findings revealed that
about 35% of the students were categorized as overweight obesity, and there was aninverse
correlation between body mass index and physical activity. Students who shared physical
education classes and exercising at and outside school showed a positive correlation with
high IQ scores. Regarding hemoglobin and iron levels, there were significant correlations
between their levels in blood and IQ. [Conclusion] The intelligence quotient of adolescent
students is positively associated with physical activity and health status.
There is an effect of pregnancy on plantar pressure distribution as well as weight symmetry which should be considered when designing an antenatal program.
Objectives
We aimed to compare the effects of different aerobic exercise training (ET) programs on respiratory performance, exercise capacity, and quality of life in fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (f-ILD).
Methods
A case-control study where 31 patients with f-ILD diagnosis based on chest high-resolution computed tomography were recruited from Main Alexandria University hospital-Egypt. Ten patients were randomly assigned for only lower limbs (LL) endurance training program, and 10 patients for upper limbs, lower limbs, and breathing exercises (ULB) program for consecutive 18 sessions (3 sessions/week for 6 consecutive weeks). Eleven patients who refused to participate in the ET program were considered as control. All patients were subjected for St George’s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), forced spirometry and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) before and after ET programs.
Results
Fibrosing non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and collagenic associated-ILD were the commonest pathologies among the ET groups (30% each) with mean age of 44.4±12.25 and 41.90±7.58 years for LL and ULB groups respectively and moderate-to-severe lung restriction. 6-MWT and SGRQ significantly improved after both ET programs (p<0.001). Peak oxygen consumption (VO2) improved significantly after both LL training (median of 22 (interquartile range (IQR) = 17.0–24.0) vs. 17.5 (IQR = 13.0–23.0) ml/kg/min, p = 0.032) and ULB training (median of 13.5 (IQR = 11.0–21.0) vs. 10.5 (IQR = 5.0–16.0) ml/kg/min, p = 0.018). Further, maximal work load and minute ventilation (VE) significantly improved after both types of ET training (p<0.05); however, neither ventilation equivalent (VE/VCO2) nor FVC% improved after ET (p = 0.052 and 0.259 respectively). There were no statistically significant important differences between LL and ULB training programs regarding 6-MWT, SGRQ or CPET parameters (p>0.05).
Conclusions
ET was associated with improvements in exercise capacity and quality of life in f-ILD patients irrespective of the type of ET program provided.
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-19 (SARS CoV-2 virus) infection and its clinical manifestation as coronavirus disease 2019 present an unparalleled worldwide public health problem. The disease introduces a unique pathophysiology and clinical course that puzzles the efficacy of the currently existing therapeutic approaches. Aim: to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on nurses' performance regarding caring of patient with acute respiratory distress during covid-19 outbreaks. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at intensive care units affiliated to El Hussein university hospital. Subjects: A purposive sample of nurses (60) was working in previously mentioned setting. Data collection tools: Nurses' structured self-administered questionnaire and nurses' practices observational checklist. Results: The present study revealed that, less than one quarter of the nurses had got satisfactory level of performance (knowledge & practice) regarding care of patients with acute respiratory distress and acute respiratory distress with corona virus infection and the studied nurses' competent level of practice from (24.3, 21.7 and 20.0%) at preimplementation compared to (100.0, 100.0 and 98.3%) at post-implementation phase, respectively, with a highly statistically significant differences between pre/post at (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The implementing self-instructional module was inducing highly effective improvements in nurses' level of knowledge and practice regarding caring of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome during Covid-19 outbreaks. Recommendations: Developing training courses about acute respiratory distress syndrome care that should be mandatory for newly employed nurses. Emerging a periodical evaluation, which determining nurses' needs and updating their knowledge and practice.
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