Iron deficiency anemia is a major global public health problem. Food fortification with iron (Fe) can be an effective strategy to control iron deficiency. An iron oxide nanoparticle (NP) is a new physical and chemical property form. These properties (small particle size, unique physical properties) make nanoiron a great scientific interest especially in the treatment of anemia. The study aimed to reduce anemia by nanoparticles (NPs). Forty-eight adult female Sprague-Dewily rats were divided into four groups (12 rats each). Group A represented a negative control. Other groups were fed standard diet iron free and three time of require zinc to reach anemic. Group B fed standard diet with ferrous sulfate until the improvement of the situation of anemia or for 8 weeks. Groups C and D were divided into three subgroups; each subgroup was fed a dose from magnetite or folate coated magnetite NPs. Results showed that symptoms of loss of appetite and severe lethargy demonstrate that magnetite and folate-coated magnetite nanoparticles have serious toxicological effects in vivo. Some doses from NPs improve blood picture during 2 weeks but change in histopathology examinations were occur in some groups within 2 weeks. Nanoparticles were considered the toxicological hazards especially the size of less than 54 nm.

This study was conducted on rats to investigate the effectiveness of Fenugreek seeds, Fenugreek sprouts, Alfalfa seeds and Alfalfa sprouts as nutraceuticals for hepatointoxication induced by lead acetate.Thirty six healthy adult male albino rats"Sprague Dawley " strain weighing (200 10 gm.), were used and divided into 6 equal groups, one was kept as a (-ve) control group , while the other groups received daily 0.4% lead acetate in distilled water to induce hepatotoxicity.Four groups were given the experimental seeds and their sprouts in the form of powder mixed with the basal diet (Fenugreek seeds5%, Fenugreek sprouts5%, Alfalfa seeds2% and Alfalfa sprouts2%) respectively for eight weeks. The sixth group of rats were kept as (+ve)control group received basal diet only. At the end of the experiment, feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency ratio(FER) and relative weights of liver, kidneys, heart, spleen were calculated. Also, Liver enzymes (AST, ALT& ALP), serum total protein, albumin& globulin and MAO were also determined in serum, lead was determined in whole blood, antioxidant enzymes (SOD & α-GST) were determined in the liver tissue. The results indicated that rats that received lead acetate and fed on basal diet only recorded significant changes for all above biological and biochemical parameters. While the treatment with seeds and their sprouts revealed significant improvement in all liver function biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzymes. The study concluded that; seeds of Fenugreek and Alfalfa and their sprouts were effective in improving liver dysfunction and other side effects. This may be attributed to the high content of phenolic compounds in these seeds.

No abstract

crylamide (ACR) is found in foods containing carbohydrates and proteins,where it is formed during the thermal processing. It is classified as neurotoxic and probably carcinogenic to humans. The present study investigated the effect of dried pumpkin and bottle gourd versus acrylamide induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. The rats were divided into equal six groups. The first group (6 rats) were fed on basal diet and served as negative control. The all other groups were injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) with acrylamide (50 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days. The second group fed on basal diet and served as a positive control group. The third and fourth groups fed on basal diet supplemented with bottle gourd fruits powder (5%) and (10%). The fifth and sixth groups fed on basal diet added with pumpkin fruits powder (5%) and (10%). The chemical composition and phenolic compounds of both fruits were done. At the end of the experiment biological data were calculated, blood samples were taken to biochemical analysis. In addition, liver tissues were analyzed for antioxidant markers, malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as histological examination was done. The results revealed that acrylamide group increased liver weight, liver functions, serum lipid profile, liver MDA and NO, decreased in serum HDL-C, Liver GPX, SOD and CAT. All treated groups with two fruits showed improvement previously parameters compared with positive control group. In conclusion, the consumption of pumpkin and bottle gourd fruits powder can lower the side effects of acrylamide toxicant.