This study was conducted on rats to investigate the effectiveness of Fenugreek seeds, Fenugreek sprouts, Alfalfa seeds and Alfalfa sprouts as nutraceuticals for hepatointoxication induced by lead acetate.Thirty six healthy adult male albino rats"Sprague Dawley " strain weighing (200 10 gm.), were used and divided into 6 equal groups, one was kept as a (-ve) control group , while the other groups received daily 0.4% lead acetate in distilled water to induce hepatotoxicity.Four groups were given the experimental seeds and their sprouts in the form of powder mixed with the basal diet (Fenugreek seeds5%, Fenugreek sprouts5%, Alfalfa seeds2% and Alfalfa sprouts2%) respectively for eight weeks. The sixth group of rats were kept as (+ve)control group received basal diet only. At the end of the experiment, feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency ratio(FER) and relative weights of liver, kidneys, heart, spleen were calculated. Also, Liver enzymes (AST, ALT& ALP), serum total protein, albumin& globulin and MAO were also determined in serum, lead was determined in whole blood, antioxidant enzymes (SOD & α-GST) were determined in the liver tissue. The results indicated that rats that received lead acetate and fed on basal diet only recorded significant changes for all above biological and biochemical parameters. While the treatment with seeds and their sprouts revealed significant improvement in all liver function biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzymes. The study concluded that; seeds of Fenugreek and Alfalfa and their sprouts were effective in improving liver dysfunction and other side effects. This may be attributed to the high content of phenolic compounds in these seeds.

Increasing scientific evidence suggests potential adverse effects on children's health from synthetic chemicals used as food additives. Synthetic food colors are food additives are widely used as colorants in food. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of quinoa powder as nutraceuticals on lipids profile for young experimental rats exposed to chronic administration of synthetic food colores (azo dyes),chocolate brown (CH) or sunset yellow (SY). Seventy healthy young male albino rats "Sprague Dawley" strain weighing (90 ± 10g), were used and divided randomly into two main groups; the first main group (n=10 rats) was kept as (-ve) control group and fed on basal diet. The second main group (n =60 rats) were divided into 6 sub-groups (equal groups) and fed on basal diet as follow: The first three subgroups were fed on chocolate brown oral dose (0.3 mg/kg b.wt.) one was kept as a (+ve) control group, while the other two subgroups were fed on quinoa as powder mixed with the basal diet (5%, 10% respectively) as replacement from starch. The other three subgroups were fed on SY oral dose (2.5 mg/kg b.wt.) one was kept as a(+ve) control group, while the other two subgroups were fed quinoa as powder mixed with the basal diet (5%,10%respectively) as replacement from starch. At the end of the experiment (56 days), feed intake (FI), body weight gains (BWG%), feed efficiency ratio (FER)were finally calculated. Rats were sacrificed and relative weights of livers, kidneys, hearts, spleens were calculated, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis: T.C, T.G, LDL-C,VLDL-C and HDL-C. Moreover, histopathological changes of hearts were examined. The results indicated that chronic administration of synthetic food colors CH or SY recorded significant changes for all above biochemical parameters. While the treatment with quinoa powder revealed significant improvement in all of them. Histopathological examination supported these findings. It could be concluded that quinoa was effective in treatment dysfunction induced by azo dyes. This effect may be due to high content of phenolic compounds in quinoa. Key wards:azo dyes, chocolate brown, sunset yellow, quinoa, lipids profile.

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The consumption of foods polluted with different foodborne pathogens such as fungus, viruses, and bacteria is considered a serious cause of foodborne disease in both humans and animals. Multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens (MRFP) cause morbidity, death, and substantial economic loss, as well as prolonged hospitalization. This study reports on the use of aqueous Rumex leaf extract (ARLE) in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (ARLE-AgNPs) with versatile biological activities. The synthesized ARLE-AgNPs had spherical shapes with smooth surfaces and an average hydrodynamic size of 27 nm. ARLE-AgNPs inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC25721, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27843, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC49716, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC700813, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC4342. The ARLE-AgNPs were more active against Escherichia coli ATCC25721 than other harmful bacterial strains (26 ± 3 mm). The zone of inhibition for antibacterial activity ranged between 18 ± 3 mm and 26 ± 3 mm in diameter. The nanoparticles’ MIC values varied from 5.19 µg/mL to 61 µg/mL, while their MBC values ranged from 46 µg/mL to 119 µg/mL. The nanoparticles that were created had antioxidant potential. The cytotoxic activity was tested using normal fibroblast cell lines (L-929), and the enhanced IC50 value (764.3 ± 3.9 g/mL) demonstrated good biological compatibility. These nanoparticles could be evolved into new antibacterial compounds for MRFP prevention.