Overweight-obesity increased in girls and females, mainly from rural areas. Strategies focued in containing this phenomenon are encouraged to implement in this context.
Objetivo. Describir el diseño metodológico de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de Medio Camino (Ensanut- MC) 2016. Material y métodos. La Ensanut-MC es una encuesta probabilística nacional cuya población objetivo son los habitantes de viviendas particulares en México. El tamaño de muestra se determinó para poder hacer inferencias sobre las localidades urbanas y rurales de cuatro regiones. Se describen los elementos principales del diseño: población objetivo, temas de estudio, procedimiento de muestreo, procedimiento de medición y organización logística. Resultados. Se obtuvieron 9 479 entrevistas de hogar completas y 16 591 entrevistas de individuos completos. La tasa de respuesta de hogar fue 77.9%. La tasa de respuesta de individuo fue 91.9%. Conclusiones. El diseño probabilístico de la Ensanut-MC permite hacer inferencias estadísticas válidas sobre parámetros de interés para la salud y nutrición pública de México, específicamente en variables de sobrepeso, obesidad y diabetes mellitus. Asimismo, la información actualizada sustentará el monitoreo, la actualización y formulación de nuevas políticas y programas prioritarios.
Objective. To describe the methodology used to clean up and estimate dietary intake (DI) data from the SemiQuantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ) of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. Materials and methods. DI was collected through a shortterm SFFQ regarding 140 foods (from October 2011 to May 2012). Energy and nutrient intake was calculated according to a nutrient database constructed specifically for the SFFQ. Results. A total of 133 nutrients including energy and fiber were generated from SFFQ data. Between 4.8 and 9.6% of the survey sample was excluded as a result of the cleaning process. Valid DI data were obtained regarding energy and nutrients consumed by 1 212 pre-school children, 1 323 school children, 1 961 adolescents, 2 027 adults and 526 older adults. Conclusions. We documented the methodology used to clean up and estimate DI from the SFFQ used in national dietary assessments in Mexico.
Seroprevalence surveys provide estimates of the extent of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the population, regardless of disease severity and test availability. In Mexico in 2020, COVID-19 cases reached a maximum in July and December. We aimed to estimate the national and regional seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies across demographic and socioeconomic groups in Mexico after the first wave, from August to November 2020. We used nationally representative survey data including 9,640 blood samples. Seroprevalence was estimated by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, adjusting by the sensitivity and specificity of the immunoassay test. The national seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 24.9% (95%CI 22.2, 26.7), being lower for adults 60 years and older. We found higher seroprevalence among urban and metropolitan areas, low socioeconomic status, low education and workers. Among seropositive people, 67.3% were asymptomatic. Social distancing, lockdown measures and vaccination programs need to consider that vulnerable groups are more exposed to the virus and unable to comply with lockdown measures.
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