Periodic evaluation and planning of preventive maintenance provide greater comfort, safety and durability of buildings. In educational institutions, these needs become more evident, since habitability problems can hinder the development of the teaching, research and extension process developed in university environments. The objective of this work is to evaluate probable causes of pathological manifestations and propose solutions. The study was developed in the premises of the Department of Food Engineering of the Federal University of Ceará. The methodology used in the study results from analyses of pathological manifestations observed by surveys with visual and tactile inspections. Photographic records, interviews with building users and those responsible for the conservation and maintenance of the buildings were carried out. After the inspection of the environments, corrections were proposed for the identified problems. The main pathological manifestations observed were fissures, displacement of coating, stains, infiltrations and corrosive process of external structural elements. The problems are directly associated with the lack of inspections and adequate maintenance, aggravated by the age of the buildings and the environment where they are located, since it presents itself in an area near a lagoon and with a strong incidence of weathering such as rains and winds.
Brazilian cities have undergone profound changes in soil cover by the accelerated process of urbanization in recent centuries. The growth process of the cities decreased the plant areas, which act essentially in the thermal comfort and well-being of the population, generating changes in thermal sensations. It is in this context that this article is inserted, with the objective of analyzing the Heat Index (CI), Thermal Discomfort Index (RTD), Temperature and Humidity Index (UTI) and the climatological variables that are related to human thermal comfort. This study was carried out in the city of Barbalha, located in the Metropolitan Region of Ceará. Historical data from the National Institute of Meteorology - INMET were used for the period 2016 to 2019. From the methodology of Steadman (1979) and Thom (1959) the thermal comfort indexes were calculated using excel software. The results showed that throughout the study period, high temperatures occurred in the municipality, in addition to high values of HF, RTD and UTI, characterizing the municipality as thermally uncomfortable.
The construction industry sector is characterized by presenting an archaic approach to the constructive practices applied at the construction site, generating unfavorable indicators in terms of quality and productivity. Thus, a greater concern arises regarding the training and qualification of the workforce, historically known for its low schooling and qualification, hindering the elaboration and application of technological innovations and the use of modern constructive techniques. The aim of this study is to analyze the profile of construction workers in the municipality of Juazeiro do Norte, seeking information related to age, marital status, city of residence, education, level of qualification, function exercised and time of operation in the sector. Regarding the methodology, we opted for the inductive method, and a field research was carried out, using a questionnaire to collect data applied in five works of medium and small construction companies installed in the city of Juazeiro do Norte - CE, with a sample of 100 workers. The results indicate that 55% of the construction workers analyzed in this study are older than 35 years, in addition to a low renewal of the staff, low level of education and their knowledge occurred empirically, besides low interest in vocational courses. It was found that 100% of the workforce is male, the predominant age group is 30 to 39 years, most are married and with children, with origin of the city itself, the level of education of the workers is still considered low, but only 8% of the workers are considered illiterate, the average time of performance is more than 10 years and 94% of them reported that they learned the constructive techniques in practice or with relatives.
The state of conservation and the quality of the built environment influences the health and quality of life of its users, especially in teaching environments. In order for students to develop cognitive skills, it is necessary that the building environments do not hinder the teaching-learning process, as in the occurrence of unhealthy places that present pathologies. The school chosen for this study has elementary school students aged between 4 and 6 years, with susceptibility to allergies and respiratory problems, implying the need for periodic evaluation of the conservation status of the building. Therefore, this work aims to analyze and propose solutions for the pathologies observed in the teaching unit in the municipality of Juazeiro do Norte from a methodology based on a technical report from surveys with visual inspections, tactile, plaster seal tests and evaluation of the thickness of the cracks. In view of the data obtained, the main pathologies, their possible causes, were identify. Solutions were subsequently proposed and the existing level of risk identified. It was evidence that the main pathological manifestations were observe in the walls, floors and facades, with emphasis on the cracks, in addition to displacement of coating, stains and infiltrations.
The construction sector has a large share of the Brazilian GDP and labor market, and with the unfavorable economic scenario, the importance of public policies of science, technology and innovation by universities and companies increases. Most companies in the sector are micro and small with low innovative level. In this context, the present work aims to measure the degree of innovation of civil construction offices in the conurbate of Crajubar, which includes the municipalities of Crato, Juazeiro do Norte de Barbalha. The research characterized as exploratory and qualitative, sought to know and qualify the offices of the sub-region and measure their degree of innovation. The innovation survey was used, based on the model proposed by Sawhney, Wolcott and Arroniz (2006), the Innovation Radar that uses twelve dimensions, areas where the company can insert innovations and detect possible points of improvement, this tool was complemented by Bachmann and Destefani (2008) with the innovative ambience dimension. The results show an average degree of innovation of 2.99, indicating an incipient and uninnovative stage of innovation. Offices tend to apply innovations in certain dimensions, needing to be expanded in the system more broadly, remaining competitive in the market.
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