The okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is one of the most important vegetables in the world and is a popular food item in many tropical and subtropical countries. Besides its cultivation for fresh consumption, okra also has potential industrial uses. Nonetheless, pests and diseases remain the most damaging factors affecting its crop yield. Among these, root-knot nematodes are the main pests limiting okra production. This study aimed to determine the responses of plant species of the Malvaceae family to Meloidogyne incognita and M. enterolobii rootknot nematodes, and to also assess the compatibility of the same with the okra commercial 'Colhe Bem IAC'. Resistance was evaluated using the reproduction factor in two commercial okra cultivars ('Colhe Bem IAC' and 'Santa Cruz 47'), five cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plant genotypes (PRO 277, IAC 29-233, PR 136, IAC 24, and IAC 03-979), and vinagreira (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Other resistance-related traits measured were the percentage of healing, plant height, root length, rootstock stem diameter, scion stem diameter, number of leaves, total fresh weight, and fresh weight of the scion, rootstock, and root parts. While the cotton and vinagreira genotypes tested were resistant to both species of nematodes, okra cultivars were not. The okra, however, showed successful adaptation to grafting, which may offer an important physical resistance against attacks by root-knot nematodes, while vinagreira showed the greatest potential for use as rootstock for protecting okra crops.

The lettuce cropping is an important segment of the national agriculture, with strong economic expression. However, climatic factors such as high temperature and humidity can affect this vegetable cultivation. These environmental conditions are common in various Brazilian regions, so the growers should adopt crop management systems, as soil covers, to minimize the environmental effect and obtain higher returns. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different soil covers on the agronomic performance of crispy lettuce cultivars. The study was conducted at UNESP, Registro Campus, Brazil, from August to October, 2013. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design, arranged in a 4x4 factorial, with three repetitions. The treatments consisted of the factors soil covers (black mulching, silver mulching, white mulching and control) and cultivars (Inaiá, Milena, Vanda and Vera). The experimental unit consisted of fifteen plants, with the useful area composed of nine central plants. At harvest, the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, head diameter, fresh mass, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf height, stem diameter, heart diameter, heart height, dry mass, yield and nitrate content. Among the studied covers, white mulching showed the best results for the main productive characteristics and can be used as soil cover in the cultivation of Vera, Vanda and Inaiá culivars.

The objective of this work was to estimate the stability and genotypic adaptability of advanced lines and cultivars of curled green-leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa), in different growing environments and seasons, using the REML/Blup mixed model. Ten genotypes, seven cropping environments, and two growing seasons were studied in 2015. Plant yield traits were evaluated, and data were subjected to the Selegen-REML/Blup software. Genotype stability and adaptability were analyzed using the harmonic mean of genotypic values (HMGV) and the relative performance of genotypic values (RPGV), respectively. The harmonic mean of RPGV (HMRPGV) was used to simultaneously estimate the stability, adaptability, and yield of breeding lines or cultivars. Considering the combined analysis of the two seasons for the set of traits, the lines L6, L7, and L8 were selected as promising ones and recommended for planting. The breeding lines selected for all season exhibit good yield and are considered superior to the commercial cultivars Vanda and Vera.

At present, Brazil is among the world's largest tomato producers. This production is directed both for the industry and for fresh consumption. Among the different tomato groups, production of mini-tomatoes has grown in recent years because of their high commercial value and mainly greater price stability. However, there are few studies investigating the proper management of this group, as it is recent in the country. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the viability of mini-tomato hybrids in different training systems, in greenhouse conditions. The experiment was set as a randomized block design in a 2×2×4 factorial arrangement with two numbers of stems (one and two stems per plant), two training systems [conventional (vertical) and horizontal], and four hybrids [AF 18196 (Sakata Seed); AF 13106 (Sakata Seed); Nina (Takii Seed) and Cocktail Mascot (Agristar/Top Seed Premium)], with three replicates and four plants per plot in the usable area. The evaluated variables were production per plant, fruit weight, transverse and longitudinal fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of fruits per cluster, precocity, production cycle, chlorophyll index, soluble solids, and crop cycle. The most promising hybrids are AF 13106 (2.71 kg/plant), AF 18196 (2.63 kg/plant) and Mascot (2.38 kg/plant), managed with two stems (2.63 kg/plant), in the vertical system (2.94 kg/plant).

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The present study aimed to evaluate Capsicum accessions for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 3, Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne enterolobii. Two experiments with different genotypes of hot and sweet peppers were carried out in a completely randomized design. The first experiment was conducted in a 31 x 3 factorial scheme with 27 genotypes of Capsicum annuum, two cultivars of hot pepper, one line of Capsicum frutescens and tomato 'Santa Cruz Kada', and three species of nematodes (M. incognita race 3, M. javanica and M. enterolobii). In the second experiment, we used a factorial scheme 39 x 3 with 36 accessions of C. annuum, two hot pepper cultivars and the 'Santa Cruz Kada' tomato and three nematodes species mentioned earlier. The total number of eggs and second-stage juveniles (TNEJ), number of eggs and second-stage juveniles per gram of root (NEJGR), reproduction index (RI) and reproduction factor (RF) were evaluated. Based on RI and RF, the genotypes CNPH 185, CNPH 187 and CNPH 680 were resistant and very resistant to M. incognita race 3 and M. javanica, simultaneously. The C. frutescens line presented resistance to the three root-knot nematode species.

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A Byrsonima crassifolia popularmente conhecida como "murici", é amplamente difundida nas regiões norte, nordeste e centro-oeste por ser bastante utilizada na culinária local, tanto pelo seu gosto exótico, quanto pelos seus efeitos terapêuticos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano do extrato de raízes de B. crassifolia sobre bactérias de interesse médico. ABSTRACT -The Byrsonima crassifolia popularly known as "murici" is widespread in the North, Northeast and Midwest. Widely used in local cuisine, both for its exotic taste as for its therapeutic effects. The objective was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of B. crassifolia root extract on bacteria of medical interest. Samples of B. crassifolia were collected within the State of Tocantins, then forwarded to the Centro Universitário Luterano de Palmas -TO, where extracts of production processes from the roots were performed. The other procedures were carried out at the Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi campus. Four bacterial strains were used, as follows: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The concentration of the extracts consisted of warm 10%, 20%, 20% heated and unheated tested in disk diffusion test, which is carried ratings 24 hours after application of the extract, the result is expressed in mm. The concentration of the aqueous extract of B. crassifolia were effective in inhibiting bacterial, except for E. coli. They were observed in color pigmentations roots characteristic of anthocyanin and quercetin, a condition that may have influenced the antimicrobial potential, the antibacterial action of these two natural flavonoids. Keywords: Byrsonima crassifolia, antibacterial, sensitivity, rootsFinanciamento: Os autores reportam que não houve suporte e auxílio financeiro. Conflito de interesse:Os autores declaram que não há conflito de interesse. Como citar esse documento (ABNT):GELLEN, L.F.A.; SILVA, E.H.C. Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de raízes de Byrsonima crassifólia.