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Sorghum stalk juice preparation method is not yet fully explored and mainly still adopting those of cane juice. The suitability of pre-treatment to remove impurities and total phenolic compound to the growth rate of yeast in sorghum stalk juice, in aerobic and anaerobic fermentation needs to be evaluated. Process adopted for this research was liming method at 80 o C followed by addition of phosphoric acid. Liming method reduces juice turbidity to 82.43 % ± 0.50 % and gives specific growth rate ( of inoculated yeast of 0.38 h -1 (aerobic) and 0.17 h -1 (anaerobic). Other method evaluated was by addition of Poly-aluminium chloride (PAC), which gives higher juice clarity but negative impact to cell growth. The effect of total phenolic compound to the microbial growth was also studied. Phenolic compound was reduced through activated carbon absorption column. Reduction of 75 % total phenolic compound in sorghum stalk juice promotes yeast cell growth rate up to 10.5 % in aerobic condition compared to growth in clarified juice without phenolic compound reduction.

A weakness of chamois leather production practiced nowadays is its oxidation process taking relatively long time, i.e. nine days to two weeks. The use of an oxidizing agent was reported to shorten the oxidation process of the tanning. Appropriate condition for the tanning needs to be applied in order to improve the process efficiency and to obtain satisfactory quality leather. In this study, the best oxidation times inside and outside the rotary drum of the tanning accelerated by hydrogen peroxide were investigated. The experiment was conducted by tanning of pickled goatskin for 4, 6, and 8 hours oxidation times inside the rotary drum and 1, 2, and 3 days of oxidation times outside the drum. The physical and organoleptic properties of the leathers were tested. The physical and organoleptic properties of the leathers resulted by this study met the quality requirements for the chamois leather. The best conditions for the tanning were oxidation times of eight hours inside the rotary drum and one day outside the rotary drum. Keywords: acceleration, chamois leather, hydrogen peroxide, oxidation time, rubber seed oil, tanningAbstrakKelemahan dari produksi kulit samoa yang dipraktekkan saat ini adalah proses oksidasinya yang memerlukan waktu yang relatif lama, yaitu sembilan hari sampai dua minggu. Penggunaan bahan pengoksidasi dilaporkan dapat mempersingkat proses oksidasi pada penyamakan tersebut. Kondisi yang sesuai untuk penyamakan tersebut diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi proses dan untuk mendapatkan kulit samak bermutu tinggi. Dalam studi ini, diteliti waktu oksidasi terbaik di dalam dan di luar drum berputar pada penyamakan kulit samoa yang dipercepat menggunakan hidrogen peroksida. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyamak kulit pikel kambing selama 4, 6, dan 8 jam waktu oksidasi di dalam drum berputar dan 1, 2, dan 3 hari waktu oksidasi di luar drum. Sifat-sifat fisik dan organoleptik dari kulit samak diuji. Sifat-sifat fisik dan organoleptik dari kulit samoa yang dihasilkan dari peneltian ini memenuhi persyaratan mutu kulit samoa. Waktu oksidasi terbaik adalah delapan jam oksidasi di dalam drum berputar dan satu hari oksidasi di luar drum berputar.Kata kunci: percepatan, kulit samoa, hidrogen peroksida, waktu oksidasi, minyak biji karet, penyamakan

In vitro study on the biological control of damping-off of Pinus merkusii was done during February

ABSTRAKPeningkatan permintaan terhadap minyak bumi telah mengakibatkan perdebatan sehubungan dengan pemanasan global dan cadangan minyak dunia yang semakin menipis. Meskipun harga minyak dunia mengalami fluktuasi, ada kecenderungan meningkat setiap tahunnya. Bioetanol dianggap sebagai salah satu bahan bioethanol pengganti bahan bakar minyak karena dapat diperbaharui dan ramah lingkungan. Indonesia termasuk salah satu negara di dunia yang berupaya untuk mengembangkan industri ini sejak tahun 2006. Sampai dengan tahun 2011, realisasi perencanaan pemerintah mengalami kesulitan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi daya saing industry bioethanol serta menentukan strategi daya saingnya. Penelitian dilakukan sejak April sampai dengan Desember 2010 di enam kota, dengan menggunakan Analytic Network Process atau ANP. Dalam kerangka ANP terdapat empat kategori yaitu permasalahan, solusi alternatif, kebijakan dan strategi. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa tebu merupakan bahan paling berpotensi untuk dikembangkan, adanya permasalahan koordinasi dalam peningkatan daya saing, pemangku kepentingan, dan dalam pengembangan jenis industri ini.

The general purposes of this study were to improve the efficiency of wood utilization and to create wood's value added for plywood industry. To achieve the above purposes a strategy for Agro forestry Industry should be develop based on eco-efficiency principles. The details of targets were: (1). to analyze critical factors in plywood industry management regarding to eco-efficiency implementation, (2) to analyze production technology that is used in plywood industry, and (3). to design a developing strategy of integrated plywood industry based on eco-efficiency principles. The result of this study show that the key factors for plywood management's policy was environmental awareness; material utilization; and international issues. The production technology of all plywood industry in Indonesia is relatively similar. They are using the machineries of the 80's and have the similar working procedures. The kinds of wood wastes generated from plywood industry were classified into log end, reject log end, green veneer waste, and others. The wood waste was calculated 49.52% released from 100% input log in plywood industry. There are three strategy of integrated plywood industry based on eco-efficiency, namely (1) selecting and managing of environmental impact, showing three kinds of waste which affect the environment (2) Improvement the plywood manufacturing technology, showing the new innovation technology or process control management and (3) Development of new product from wood waste. Wood waste can be used to produce block board, laminated board, handicraft, and others.

Agribusiness Development Center (ADC) is farmers support institution to produce and distribute top grade horticulture products. The purpose of this study is to formulate strategic planning for ADC. The methods used are internal and external factors analysis, IE matrix, SWOT and QSPM. The result shows five strategies prioritized as follows: expanding Greater Jakarta market, increasing organic products yield, collaborating with research institutes, increasing promotion and adding new distribution channels.