We identified two major serotypes of S. agalactiae isolates associated with the outbreak in tilapia culture in Thailand. We developed multiplex PCR assays for 14 virulence genes, which may be used to predict the pathogenicity of the isolates and track future infections. Multiplex PCR typing of the GBS virulence genes was developed and might be further used to predict the pathogenicity of S. agalactiae.
The experiments were conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy of Acacia mangium leaf meal (AMLM) and the effect on growth performance and carcass composition of broiler chickens (Arbor acres). Twenty-four broiler chickens at the age of 24 days were divided into 2 groups with four replications of two chickens raised individually in a cage. The apparent metabolizable energy of AMLM-feeding chicken was 2,359.90 kcal/kg. Experimental diets consisted of AMLM 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% feeding for 161 one-day-old unsexed broiler chickens and were randomly assigned to five groups with four replications of eight chickens in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were offered ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. At the age of 45 days, 2 broilers per replicate were slaughtered, and the carcass was determined. The results indicated that broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in weight gain, average daily gain and feed intake compared to the control diet (P>0.05). But chickens fed AMLM had decreased feed conversion ratio than the control (P<0.05). In addition, broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in all carcass composition parameters compared to the control diet (P>0.05). It is concluded that the AMLM contained 10% in diets does not affect broiler chickens' growth performance and carcass composition.
Monthong durian is a durian species mainly cultivated in Thailand. The rind makes up about 60-75% of whole fruit and is often discarded. Here, we evaluated the effect of durian rind, specifically the inner white peel, as a supplement for a fish diet on the growth performance and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Red Tilapia. Fish with an initial average weight of 42.68 ± 0.11 g were fed diets supplemented with durian rind at 0, 10, 15, and 20% for 140 days. Subsequent results showed that growth performance in terms of weight gain, average daily gain, length gain, and specific growth rates were not significant among treatments (P > 0.05). In addition, the feed conversion ratio and survival rate of fish fed with diets supplemented with durian rind were also not significantly different from the control (P > 0.05). After the 140-day feeding trial, fish were injected intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila, and the cumulative mortality was recorded for 14 days. The survival rate of fish-fed durian rind-supplemented diets at all levels was higher than that of the control. The highest survival rate and relative survival percentage were fish fed with 10% and 15% durian rind in the diet. Taken together, the white peel of the durian rind can be a potential fish feedstuff and can act as a natural antibiotic to improve fish resistance against A. hydrophila. Recommended level of durian rind supplementation is 10%-15% in the diet which will not affect growth but can enhance disease resistance to A. hydrophila.
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