The established parameters may help in clinical and ophthalmic examinations of primates.

This study aimed to determine and compare corneal sensitivity values in different regions

Avaliação de parâmetros cardiovasculares, ventilatórios e hemogasométricos de coelhosanestesiados com isofluorano ou sevofluorano e submetidos à ventilação espontânea ou controlada a volume [Assessment of cardiovascular, ventilatory and RESUMOAvaliaram-se as ventilações mecânica controlada a volume e espontânea, por meio das variáveis hemogasométricas, cardiovasculares e ventilométricas. Distribuíram-se 28 coelhos nos grupos: GIVC (isofluorano e ventilação controlada a volume), GIVE (isofluorano e ventilação espontânea), GSVC (sevofluorano e ventilação controlada a volume) e GSVE (sevofluorano e ventilação espontânea). Induziu-se por máscara, com isofluorano (GIVE e GIVC) ou sevofluorano (GSVE e GSVC) a 1,5 CAM, em oxigênio a 100%. Para manutenção anestésica, reajustou-se para 1 CAM. No GIVC e no GSVC, administrou-se rocurônio, na dose de 0,6mg/kg, seguida de infusão contínua na mesma dose de 0,6mg/kg/h. No GIVE e no GSVE, foi administrado NaCl 0,9% em vez de rocurônio. Iniciou-se a ventilação controlada ajustando-a de maneira a obter capnometria entre 35 e 45mmHg. Mensuraram-se os parâmetros 60 minutos após a indução anestésica (M0), 15 minutos após o bolus de rocurônio ou NaCl 0,9% (M15) e a cada 15 minutos (M30, M45 e M60). Evidenciou-se hipercapnia e acidose em GIVC, GSVC e GSVE. Concluiu-se que a ventilação mecânica controlada a volume não foi capaz de manter a normocapnia em coelhos, gerando acidose, principalmente quando se utilizou sevofluorano. O uso do isofluorano demonstrou maior estabilidade anestésica que o sevofluorano nesta.Palavras-chave: coelho, anestesia inalatória, lagomorfos, respiração mecânica (GSVE and GSVC) ABSTRACT The volume-controlled mechanical ventilation and spontaneous ventilation, through haemogasometric, cardiovascular and spirometry variables were evaluated. Twenty-eight rabbits were distributed into two groups: GIVC (isoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation), GIVE (isoflurane and spontaneous ventilation), GSVC (sevoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation) and GSVE (sevoflurane and spontaneous ventilation). Induction was performed by mask with isoflurane (GIVE and GIVC) or sevoflurane

The collared anteater ( Tamandua tetradactyla ) is adapted to a variety of habitats. It is a solitary species for which no reference values for ophthalmic tests have been established. Eight animals ranging from 1 to 4 yr of age, two males and six females, were manually restrained for assessment. Ophthalmic tests included evaluation of tear production by Schirmer tear test 1 (STT1), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length (PFL), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Median ± semi-interquartile range (S-IQR) STT1, EAPPTT, and PFL were 8.50 ± 4.13 mm/min, 14.13 ± 3.24 mm/min, and 15.91 ± 2.51 mm, respectively. Bacterial growth was present in 100% of the samples, with predominance of Gram-positive bacteria (70.27%). Staphylococcus spp. was the most frequently isolated genus. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus spp. to neomycin, tobramycin, and gentamicin. The results in this study can benefit the determination of reference values for different diagnostic techniques, and may be used as a guide for diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases in collared anteaters.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyamide implants in rabbits submitted to evisceration at the macroscopic and microstructure level and to assess clinical response and histopathological changes as well. For the experimental study implants of 12mm diameter were prepared by rapid prototyping, weighed and the outer and inner surfaces evaluated macroscopically and by electron microscopy. In addition, a compression test was performed and ultrastructural damage was then determined. After evisceration of the left eyeball, nine New Zealand rabbits received ABS implants and nine others received polyamide implants. The animals were assessed daily for 15 days after surgery and every seven days until the end of the study (90 days). Histopathological evaluation was performed at 15, 45 and 90 days after surgery. The ABS implants weighed approximately 0.44g, while the polyamide ones weighed 0.61g. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the ABS implants had regular-sized, equidistant micropores, while the polyamide ones showed micropores of various sizes. The force required to fracture the ABS implant was 14.39 ±0.60 Mpa, while for the polyamide one, it was 16.80 ±1.05 Mpa. Fifteen days after surgery, we observed centripetal tissue infiltration and scarce inflammatory infiltrate. Implants may be used in the filling of anophthalmic cavities, because they are inert, biocompatible and allow tissue integration.Keywords: rabbits, ocular prosthesis, polymers RESUMO Avaliou-se a macroscopia, a microestrutura, a resposta clínica e histopatológica de implantes de acrilonitrila butadieno estireno (ABS) e poliamida em coelhos submetidos à evisceração. Para o estudo experimental, os implantes foram elaborados por meio de prototipagem rápida, com 12mm de diâmetro, pesados e tiveram suas superfícies avaliadas macroscopicamente e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Adicionalmente, foi realizado ensaio de compressão para determinar a força necessária para fraturar os implantes. Após a evisceração do olho esquerdo, nove coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia receberam implantes de poliamida e nove outros receberam implantes de ABS. Os animais foram avaliados diariamente nos primeiros 15 dias após a cirurgia e a cada sete dias até o fim do período experimental (90 dias

Este trabalho verificou a utilização do diagnóstico citológico, como método de identificação de afecções em cães e gatos domiciliados no município de Barra-BA atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Universitário (HVU) da Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia (UFOB). O estudo foi realizado a partir da análise de amostras citológicas relativas aos casos clínicos atendidos nos anos de 2018 e 2019. Foram atendidos 711 animais, desses contabilizadas 105 (101 caninos e 4 felinos - 59 fêmeas e 46 machos) solicitações do exame citológico. A maioria dos animais (28,57%) apresentavam de 6 a 10 anos, prevalecendo os animais Sem Raça Definida (62,38%). Os processos inflamatórios foram diagnosticados em 43,80% dos casos, identificados como de causa infecciosa em 86,90% (30% por Leishmania spp., 27,5% infecções bacterianas, 27,5% pela levedura Malassezia spp. e outros 15% por associação deste fungo a bactérias). Os processos inflamatórios de origem não infecciosa foram registrados em 13,10% casos (84% infiltrados de células inflamatórias e 16% como dermatite por lambedura). Observou-se processos não inflamatórios em 19,05% das amostras, sendo 95% de origem neoplásica, (63,15% TVT, 21,05% Carcinoma de Células Escamosas, 10,05% Adenocarcinoma e 5,30% Tricoblastoma). Já entre os processos não inflamatórios e não neoplásicos (5%) diagnosticou-se um cisto epidérmico (100%). A aplicabilidade do diagnóstico citológico em cães e gatos denota importância uma vez que, auxiliou médicos veterinários na confirmação de suspeitas clínicas, permitindo a emissão de laudos diagnósticos, estabelecimento de tratamentos e dados epidemiológicos que possibilitam a implantação de medidas de controle das enfermidades.

Background: Chagas Disease (CD) is a parasitic anthropozoonosis caused by the Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), a protozoan transmitted by insects from the Reduviidae family. Several species of wild and domestic animals, humans included, are susceptible, developing acute clinical signals (myocarditis and cardiac arrhythmias) or chronic signals (drop on the performance and syncope) of the disease. In Brazil, the disease in dogs shows variable indexes of occurrence. The present paper describes the natural infection by T. cruzi in a canine living in the city of Barra, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, a region classified as high risk of vulnerability for the CD in the northeast of Brazil.Case: A 9-year-old male dog, non-specific breed, was referred to the clinic the Veterinary Clinic for Small Animals, at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital), at the Federal University of the West of Bahia. Its owner reported the presence of bloody secretion in the penile region. During the physical exam it was possible to observe an increase in the volume of the penis base. All of the animal’s physiological parameters were within normal levels. Blood samples and cytological laminas from the lesioned area were collected and sent to the Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology in the same institution. The cytological exam showed monomorphic population of great round cells with a round nucleus, condensed chromatin and one to two prominent nucleolus, abundant and slightly basophilic cytoplasm, with multiple stippled vacuoles, thus confirming a Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) case. With the blood exam one observed a thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia with a deviation on the left and the presence of a trypomastigote form of Trypanosoma sp. in the blood smears. A complete blood sample was sent to the Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology from the Fiocruz-BA (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in the State of Bahia), being identified by the PCR technique, T. cruzi.Discussion: During the complete blood count, specifically using the blood smear, the microscopic visualization of the trypomastigote form of the Trypanosoma sp., a hemoparasite of filiform aspect, with undulating membrane over the whole body and free flagellum, confirming a case of trypanosomiasis. Such diagnostics had not been considered up to this moment, as the animal did not present any clinic symptomatology that indicated the pathological condition. The high levels of parasitemia presented by the animal, confirmed by the presence of the protozoan in the blood smear, probably indicate the acute phase of the infection, period in which the multiplication and development of the agent is higher, consequently allowing the visualization of the hemoparasite in the lamina. Although the TVT had proved to be the main derogatory factor of sanity and wellbeing of the animal, one calls the attention in this case for the trypanosomiasis, a zoonosis that causes great risk to the sole health, highlighting that the canine species is taken as an important reservoir of T. cruzi, relevant for the maintenance and interaction among the domestic and wild cycles of the Chagas Disease. This is the first report of a canine naturally infected by T. cruzi in the west Region of the State of Bahia. It is, thus, important to emphasize its significance once dogs can be reservoirs of the protozoan, acting in their life cycle and epidemiological chain of the Chagas Disease, enabling the infection of triatomines and humans. Future studies should be done with the purpose of determining the predominance of the agent in the region of the city of Barra, in the State of Bahia.

The present study aims to verify whether dogs and cats submitted to dissociative anesthesia for elective orchiectomy may present alterations in the tear production and consequent lesions on the ocular surface. For this purpose, 40 animals, 22 cats and 18 dogs, underwent an ophthalmic semiotechnique composed of the evaluation of anterior and posterior chambers, fundscopy, Schirmer's tear test (TLS) and fluorescein test. Subsequently, they underwent dissociative anesthesia, associating ketamine with diazepam or midazolam. Immediately at the end of the procedure, the fluorescein and TLS test was repeated. After 24 hours, a new ophthalmic evaluation was performed to compare the results obtained. There were no ophthalmic changes. With the use of diazepam, TLS remained within the normal range with a median of 19 mm / min, with a mean and standard deviation of 19.27 ± 3.01 mm / min for dogs and a median of 18 mm / min, with a mean and standard deviation of 19.05 ± 2.81 mm / min for cats. When using midazolam, the TLS of the dogs had a median of 19 mm / min, with a mean and standard deviation of 18.84 ± 2.69 mm / min and of the cats, they had a median of 18 mm / min with a mean and standard deviation of 18.37 ± 2.32 mm / min. The results found suggest that the use of dissociative anesthesia for short procedures does not significantly alter the tear production, nor does it cause eye injuries.