FARM PROFIT OF DUCK AND PADDY-WET FIELD AROUND TONDANO LAKE OF MINAHASA REGENCY, NORTH SULAWESI. The population majority inhabiting around Tondano Lake planted paddy-wet filed and raised duck animal. Mono culture system of this plant without diversification of other plants decreased its plant productivity. Increasing income of household farmers by combination of duck integration farm affected conservation of the environmental farm. The objective of this research was to analyze farm profit by combination of paddy-wet field and duck animal of household farmers around Tondano Lake. Data were collected using survey method by observing directly on the paddy-wet field location around Tondano Lake. Types of data were time series and cross section. Samples of household farmers used in this study were defined using simple random sampling. The respondents were defined by purposive sampling method with the criteria of them to have the combination farm of paddy-wet field and duck animal. Based on this criterion, there were ten respondents. The incomes of farm combination between paddy-wet field and duck animal were IDR 75,546,633 per year with the total cost of IDR 26,532,737 per year. Data analysis of income was done by π/C ratio analysis. Results showed that the π/C ratio value was 1.54. It can be concluded that farm combination of paddy-wet field and duck animal yield profit of more than 1 of the π/C ratio, implying that farm diversification system should be applied by household farmers. Keyword: Profit, paddy-wet field, duck animal, farm diversification system.
The purpose of developing beef cattle farming is to increase the population and productivity of cattle products followed by increasing farmers’ income, creating jobs and improving the genetic quality of beef cattle. The problem is that beef cattle farms in North Sulawesi are carried out in traditional management instead of eco-friendly; they are mostly developed by grazing on agricultural land. This study aims to identify the potential strategies to support the development of eco-friendly beef cattle farms. This study used a survey to analyze the role, opportunities and challenges of beef cattle farms in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The locations were purposively sampled to include the central area for government-initiative beef cattle development i.e. Sangkub, Bintauna and East Bolangitan districts. The data were subject to internal and external analysis using IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix and SWOT analysis.The results showed that the actual beef cattle population could be increased to 1.37 times. Development is carried out with an orientation to environment and sustainability using LEISA concept. The development of beef cattle was in a condition dominated by strength (the strength value of 1.882 or 76.59%). Opportunities are more quickly responded in the face of the threat of beef cattle development (the opportunity value of 1.842 or 68.09%). In conclusion, the development of beef cattle has a role in increasing the income of farmers and has market opportunities and the challenges can be minimized by increasing the productivity and quality of beef cattle that are environmentally oriented. Technology introduction is needed for the development of sustainable beef cattle farms.
Farmers on the coast of Lake Tondano, mostly cultivate rice crops. In addition, duck farming also developed by farmers as the source of their income. Development of duck with rice was done with an integrated farming system. The problem was, whether integrated farming system of ducks and rice can provide benefits to farmers. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the benefits of the integration of duck and rice farming. Determination of research locations in Minahasa Regency was carried out by purposive sampling. This determination was carried out with the consideration that the sample location was the center of development of integrated duck rice farming. Data analysis used was RC ratio and analysis of investment criteria (BC ratio, NPV dan IRR). Farmers’ income from the development of integrated duck rice farming was more than non integration. The results of the research show that the revenue of integrated of rice duck farming per year was Rp. 75,546,633 with the costs of Rp. 49,013,896. The RC value of the ratio was 1.54 which shows that integrated farming provides benefits for farmers. The results of the investment criteria analysis show that the integration of duck rice farming provides benefits to farmers. This was shown from the BC ratio which has a greater value one, the NPV was positive and the IRR was greater than the bank interest rate that applies in the study area. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the integration of duck and rice farming provides greater benefits for farmers. Suggestions that need to be submitted were suggestions for the government to socialize the development of ducks integrated with rice.
The increasing population has a direct impact on the demand for animal food in the form of beef. The problem faced by beef cattle farmers in North Sulawesi province is low production and productivity. This study was aimed to determine the increase in beef cattle population in North Sulawesi Province with (AI) application. This study took place in 12 regencies/cities that carry out SIWAB programs in North Sulawesi Province, namely: Manado, Bitung, Tomohon, Kotamobagu, Minahasa, South Minahasa, Southeast Minahasa, North Minahasa, Bolaang Mongondow, North Bolaang Mongondow, South Bolaang Mongondow and East Bolaang Mogondow. This study is a case study using descriptive methods. Online data tracking techniques in stages from inseminator in the field, district, and provincial data officers. Data analysis consists of S/C, CvR, CR. The observations showed the number of ib application achievements 13682 acceptors, the number of orchards reached 11140 parents and the birth rate reached 8138 heads S/C value 1.22, CvR 73%, CR 81.4%. Conclusion The success of artificial insemination application on people’s farms in North Sulawesi Province can be measured from the value of S / C 1.22, CvR 73%, CR 81.4%, and the increase in the population as much as 8138 heads.
North Sulawesi is one of the production centers of cattle as well as maize in Indonesia. On the other hand, there is problem in cattle grazing decrease causing some farmers cultivate maize as a forage, even though this it is still cultivated carelessly so that the biomass productivity is low. This study aimed to evaluate the use of applied innovations in maize cultivation as forages. The Demonstration plot was conducted in Kembuan, Minahasa Regency at elevation of 700 m above the sea, in June-October 2019. The method used Technology Display, where the innovation package included recommended maize cultivation such as superior seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and tractor using. Fertilizing in 12 dap, Urea 250 kg + NPK (15-15-15) 150 kg, then in 60 dap, Urea 125 kg and NPK (15-15-15) 100 kg. Weeding using herbicides at 30dap. Harvesting as fresh forage, all biomass at 75 dap, 35.64 tons/ha with TDN content 20.54 t/ha (58%) and provided a carrying capacity 11.34 UT, providing feed along the year. Financial analysis indicated the feasibilities, ROI coefficient 2.27 and BC Ratio 1.27. It can be concluded that maize farming can be a solution of forage fodder in cattle commodity areas.
The abundance of agricultural products often causes environmental problems. The utilization of agricultural waste from carrots can reduce both the feed cost and environmental pollution and become a source of vitamin A for the health of the native chicken. The study aims to analyze carrot (Daucus carota L.) waste juice on native chicken performance. It was conducted from April to July 2019 at Pandu experimental field in North Minahasa Regency. The practical method used was a completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental livestock used in the study was 80-day-old chickens of native chicken. The concentration of carrot juice during the study was as follows: 100% drinking water without carrot juice (W0), 80% water drinking + 20% carrot juice (W1), 60% drinking water + 40% carrot juice (W2), and 20% drinking water + 80% carrot juice (W3). Observed variables included feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and mortality rate. The results showed that carrot waste juice significantly impacted the body weight gain, feed conversion rate, and 0% mortality rate during the 8 weeks. The concentration of 20% drinking water + 80% carrot juice (W3) with the feed intake ratio of 1.608 g, body weight gain value of 775.63 ± 301 g, and the FCR of 2.1 ± 0.06. However, the consumption ratio did not differ among treatments. The addition of carrot waste juice, as much as 80%, in the drinking water of native chickens showed an increase in body weight compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the current study showed that treatment of carrot waste juice has a significant effect on body weight in 8 weeks of maintenance. Meanwhile, the feed intake ratio of carrot waste juice treatment has no real effect. There was no dead chicken (0%) in the present study. The carrot waste juice can be used in chicken drinks 40–80% by paying attention to the balance of energy content and feed proteins used to grow chickens.
Livestock was one of the subsectors that play an important role in human resource development. One of the livestock commodities that had an important role as a source of animal protein was pigs. North Sulawesi had prospects in the development of pigs in terms of livestock resources and the availability of local consumers. The problem was that pig farms were developed in residential areas so that this condition had a negative impact on the environment of the community. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the potential for biogas production from pig waste. The research method used was a survey method with a case study approach to pig farming. The location of pig farms was determined by purposive sampling, namely pig farms managed in residential areas. Respondents were the Maesa pig farmer group in Tempok Village. Analysis of the data used was descriptive analysis through the analysis of biogas production potential.The results showed that the number of pigs in the pen was 13 tails, consisting of adult and grower phases, each of which was 4, and the starter was 5. The total weight of pigs was 753 kg which produces 56.59 kg of manure per day. The results of this study had the potential to produce 1.53 kg of gas per day. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the biogas produced was beneficial for minimizing environmental pollution and substituting the use of LPG gas and firewood. Suggestions, biogas reactors need to be socialized to other farmers who develop pig farming businesses in residential areas and need government intervention to introduce biogas reactors because they require investment funds.
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