Local cattle farming as an income source for farmers in rural areas is mostly developed traditionally. The local cattle farm continues, even though it is a side business, but is a mainstay in supporting national beef needs. The problem is whether integration of local cattle and food crops have the potential to be developed by farmers. The research was conducted to determine the potential integration of local cattle local and corn in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. A survey method using a purposive sampling selected 60 farmers from Sangkub District where farmers practiced an integrated cattle-crops farming. Data were subjected to proximate and feasibility analysis. The results showed that the total cattle owned by respondents were 209. The feed consisted of grass and corn waste, with an average consumption of 5.33 and 11.15 kg/head/day, respectively. A proximate analysis of waste corn reported 86.48% dry material, 7.36% crude protein, 1.84% fat, 28.95% crude fiber, 9.10% ash and 68.18% carbohydrate. Respondents' income from cattle farming in Bintauna and Sangkub Districts were Rp. 151,000,000 vs. Rp. 169,900,000, production costs were Rp. 101,150,625 vs. Rp. 107,298,593.8, and RC ratio was 1.49 vs. 1.58. In conclusion, corn waste consumption was greater (67.66%) than the grass. RC ratio value >1 indicated that cattle farming was feasible. The corn-cattle farming integration system can minimize environmental pollution because it enables the concept of LEISA (Low External Input Sustainability Agriculture).
Indonesia's animal protein needs keep increasing. The rate of population increase followed by improvement of standard of living and changes of consumer'staste has changed consumption patterns toward animal protein from livestock.Integrated Farming System (Sistem integrasi tanaman-ternak or SITT), whether plantation crops or feed crops, is a potential alternative which can solve the problem of plantation business, feed crops and even livestock problems. The aim of this study is to investigate integrated farming system in North Sulawesi. Data analysis tool used was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and linear regression analysis. ANOVA was used to compare income and cost of agricultural business on various types of business. Regression analysis was used to test factors influencing the income of integrated farming system. The result of this study show that integrated farming system which involves food crops in coconuts and cows systems produced higher income than coconuts-cows system, or non-integrated coconut and cows. The recommendation from the study is to optimize coconut farms with food crops and livestock to increase farmers' income. Thus, there should be further study to improve techniques of cultivating food crops between coconut trees, so that coconut and food crops production will increase.
MARKETING EFFCIENCY OF CHICKEN EGGS IN MANADO CITY. Research proposed to seek the pattern, margin and marketing efficiency of egg layer in Manado City. The research resulted that earning eggs amounted 1114 trays and 33420 item at first marketing channel. It earn 956 trays and 28680 item at second marketing channel. The research illustrated the first channel marketing margin amount IDR 9636. Then, second marketing margin amount IDR 6090. The first marketing channel efficient amount 87,33% and 59,19% in second channel.Key word: Marketing channel, margin , efficiency.
INTRODUCTION OF TECHNOLOGY IN SUPPORT FARMING OF DUCK IN PASLATEN VILLAGE DISTRICT OF KAKAS REGENCY OF MINAHASA.The purpose of raising ducks by members of the Kinakas Jaya group was to produce eggs and meat. The eggs produced were around 60-70 percent of the total number of duck members owned by group members. The low production and productivity of ducks causes low income received by group members and not continuous whereas the demand for duck products has increased from year to year. Duck farming in North Sulawesi has a very large development prospect in terms of the population that tends to increase every year. The problem with raising ducks by group members was still traditional and the availability of DOD was not continuous. Based on these problems, empowerment of group members was carried out, namely extension and introduction of hatching machines. The research was conducted with the aim to find out the extent of empowerment activities in supporting duck business in Paslaten Village, Kakas District. The research method used was a survey method. The sample location was Paslaten Village, which was determined by purposive sampling (a village with a group of duck farmers). Respondents were members of the Kinakas Jaya group who were empowered through the introduction of technology. The age of the respondents ranged from 42-50 years with junior high school level (37.5%) and high school 62.5%. Extension was done and responded well by group members. Furthermore, the process of hatching eggs was carried out by group members. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the technology was successfully adopted by group members, but the success rate of hatching eggs was still low. Suggestions submitted need to increase the frequency of counseling and application of technology
The research aims to study the effect of alternative feed technology utilization include costs of alternative feed technology and added labor costs to the value added or revenue added of cattle farming. The aims for search the effort the development of beef cattle feed technology utilization in increasing household income, improving production yields and can reduce the cost factors needed in cattle farming. The study was conducted in the Minahasa Regency of North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The research method that has been used is a survey method to cattle farmers with an interview approach based on a list of questions (questionnaires). The research sample are cattle farmers household with the criteria: a minimum of one year experience in cattle farm, and using alternative feeds such as hay, silage, ammonia of crop waste, urea molasses block and dry straw tower. Alternative feed technology cost and alternative feed technology workflow costs in cattle farming have a significant effect on value added cattle. Allocation of farmer workforce after using feed technology is actually higher than before they use feed technology, but the parameter coefficient of alternative feed technology cost has a positive sign indicate that even though production costs increase but produce greater additional revenue cattle farming.
Farmers in East Bolangitang District, Indonesia were trying to increase beef cattle population as a source of their income, but the problem was the lack of feed caused by cattle being cultivated on agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential for land development under coconut trees for forage. The research method used was a survey method, with the determination of the location was by purposive sampling, namely three villages that have the largest cattle population. The data collected was primary and secondary data with the type of data was cross section and time series. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling, namely 40 farmers who use land under coconut. Analysis of the data used descriptive analysis. Coconut area was 0.2-2 Ha or the average was 0.94 Ha. 35 percent ownership status by farmers and 65 percent farmers as tenants. Beef cattle ownership was 148 or 2-6 cattle per farmer. Feed consumption per head per day consisted of 6.21 kg of grass, 10.40 kg of corn waste and 6.26 kg of rice waste. Forage production for 0.94 Ha can be utilized by 8.83 ST. In conclusion, coconut land in the study area has the potential to be used as a forage development. Need for socialization for farmers to introduce quality forage.
Livestock was one of the subsectors that play an important role in human resource development. One of the livestock commodities that had an important role as a source of animal protein was pigs. North Sulawesi had prospects in the development of pigs in terms of livestock resources and the availability of local consumers. The problem was that pig farms were developed in residential areas so that this condition had a negative impact on the environment of the community. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the potential for biogas production from pig waste. The research method used was a survey method with a case study approach to pig farming. The location of pig farms was determined by purposive sampling, namely pig farms managed in residential areas. Respondents were the Maesa pig farmer group in Tempok Village. Analysis of the data used was descriptive analysis through the analysis of biogas production potential.The results showed that the number of pigs in the pen was 13 tails, consisting of adult and grower phases, each of which was 4, and the starter was 5. The total weight of pigs was 753 kg which produces 56.59 kg of manure per day. The results of this study had the potential to produce 1.53 kg of gas per day. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the biogas produced was beneficial for minimizing environmental pollution and substituting the use of LPG gas and firewood. Suggestions, biogas reactors need to be socialized to other farmers who develop pig farming businesses in residential areas and need government intervention to introduce biogas reactors because they require investment funds.
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