Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat that occurs globally in the health sector due to increased consumption of inappropriate antibiotics. Guidelines for prescribing antibiotics for ARTIs have been issued in general practice to promote rational antibiotic prescribing. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of cefixime and tetracycline as a solution to improve monitoring of appropriate antibiotic use in the treatment of ARTIs. All stock isolates were rejuvenated first, and cultured on standard media and Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method was used for susceptibility testing in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute’s (CLSI) recommendations. Identification of bacteria from a single isolate was carried out to determine which bacteria were resistant to cefixime and tetracycline. A total of 466 single isolates of bacteria were analyzed, which showed a percentage of resistance to cefixime 38.0%, and tetracycline 92.86%. Bacterial isolates were resistant to cefixime and tetracycilne was a genus of Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and bordetella. Cefixime compared to tetracycline was proven to be superior in terms of the effectiveness of ARIs treatment.

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Objective: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are acute infections of any part of the respiratory tract and related structures including middle ear, paranasal sinuses, and pleural cavity. This study was to determine the resistance in isolates of the pathogen of the patients with ARIs in clinics in Tasikmalaya against antibiotic ciprofloxacin and effectiveness of this antibiotic. Methods:Isolates were obtained from swabs cavity of 332 patients with ARIs. Ciprofloxacin resistance against pathogenic isolates of diseased patients ARIs was determined using paper disk diffusion method.Results: The patient isolates shows that it is resistance to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin with the percentage of 19.81%. Conclusion:Ciprofloxacin level of antibiotic resistance being mediated resistance. Routine surveillance and education to health professionals and patients are very important to overcome the problem.

Objective: In developing countries, cases of Haemophilus influenzae (HI) resistance to levofloxacin, cefixime, and tetracycline have become a serious problem in clinical treatment. This study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of HI from adult patient isolates and to provide guidelines for more effective clinical treatment in Indonesia. Methods: The patient isolate stock was rejuvenated, cultured on growth media and the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to test for antibiotic susceptibility. Evaluation was guided by recommendations from the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Results: A total of 643 isolates obtained from the respiratory tract isolated and identified 73 HI strains. The resistance rates of the HI isolates to tetracycline, cefixime, and levofloxacin were 10.54 %, 4.31%, and 5.67%. Conclusion: Cefixime showed more effective activity than levofloxacin and tetracycline to treat the HI strain.

Objective. Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat that occurs globally in the health sector due to increased consumption of inappropriate antibiotics. Guidelines for prescribing antibiotics for ARTIs have been issued in general practice to promote rational antibiotic prescribing. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of cefixime and tetracycline as a solution to improve monitoring of appropriate antibiotic use in the treatment of ARTIs.Methods. All stock isolates were rejuvenated first, and cultured on standard media and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for susceptibility testing in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute's (CLSI) recommendations. Identification of bacteria from a single isolate was carried out to determine which bacteria were resistant to cefixime and tetracycline.Results. A total of 466 single isolates of bacteria were analyzed, which showed a percentage of resistance to cefixime 38.0 %, and tetracycline 92.86 %. Bacterial isolates were resistant to cefixime and tetracycilne was a genus of Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and bordetella. Conclusions. Cefixime compared to tetracycline was proven to be superior in terms of the effectiveness of ARIs treatment.