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In the present study gentamicin was encapsulated within calcium alginate beads and incorporated into porous chitosan, gelatin, double-hybrid silk fibroin, chitosan/gelatin and double-hybrid silk fibroin/chitosan scaffolds. Physiochemical, morphological and biological properties of fabricated amenable model systems were evaluated, revealing hemocompatible nature of double-hybrid silk fibroin/chitosan and double-hybrid silk fibroin scaffolds of hemolysis %<5 and porosity >85%. Fourier transform infrared results confirmed the blend formation and scanning electron microscope images showed good interconnectivity. Double-hybrid silk fibroin/chitosan-blended scaffold shows higher compressive strength and compressive modulus than other fabricated scaffolds. A comparative drug release profile of fabricated scaffolds revealed that double-hybrid silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold is a pertinent model system because of its prolonged drug release, optimal hemocompatability and high compressive modulus.

A wide variety of polymers have been used over decades for the preparation of dressing materials for wound healing applications. But the dressing materials based on polysaccharides such as chitosan (CS) have received tremendous attention of the worldwide researchers as a consequence of its important properties like anti-infectional activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity to mention a few. CS helps in every phase of wound healing such as acting as barrier against microbes, absorbing exudates, accelerates the infiltration of inflammatory cells like neutrophils and helps in healing without scar formation. A reason behind the popularity of CS is that not only it can easily be processed as gels, films, fibers, and scaffolds but also can be blended with natural as well as synthetic polymers to reduce price and improve properties like mechanical, wettability, gas permeability, and handling. Apart from natural and synthetic polymers, CS is also blended with nanoparticles and growth factors to which it shows better antibacterial activity and reduce time span for wound healing. The present chapter aims to focus on feasibility of combining natural polymers, synthetic polymers, nanoparticles, and growth factors with CS for the preparation of wound dressings as basic healthcare materials for regenerative medicine.

A systematic study was conducted to evaluate the crosslinker and method of incorporation for bovine serum albumin (BSA) into chitosan hybrid scaffolds (CH-ALG) for better cartilage tissue engineering applications. Formaldehyde and sodium tripolyphosphate were used crosslinkers for fabrication of CH-ALG scaffolds using BSA as growth factor by direct incorporation and microencapsulation methods. An in vitro release study of BSA with maximum release (80%) for scaffolds of formaldehyde crosslinked was found. The present findings show that the CH-ALG hybrid scaffolds have been potential use in biomedical applications.

Chitosan plays a most important role in the regenerative medication for wound healing. The adhesive nature of chitosan, with their antifungal and bactericidal character, and their permeability to oxygen, is a very important property associated with the treatment of wounds. Different derivatives and combination of chitosan have been reported for this purpose in the form of hydrogels, fibers, membranes, scaffolds and sponges. The purpose of the chapter is to have a closer look in the work done directly by different researchers on the chitosan formulation with potential medicinal applications to provide a better understanding of its usability in regenerative medicine.

Background: Erlotinib hydrochloride is a novel drug for the treatment of lung cancer. Objective: The objective of the present study was to design an uncomplicated and precise reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method and optimize the chromatographic parameters using response surface methodology derived from Box Behnken design. The optimized method was validated for estimating Erlotinib from bulk and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) formulation. Methods: Independent variables such as flow rate, injection volume and strength of the buffer were optimized in order to decrease retention time and curtail asymmetry factor of Erlotinib. Forced degradation studies were done to determine the stability of the drug. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Results: The optimized strength of ortho-phosphoric acid buffer by blending with Acetonitrile (80:20 v/v), flow rate and injection volume were found to be 25mM, 1ml/min, 20µL respectively. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 1-6 µg/mL. The retention time of Erlotinib was found to be 3.717 minutes. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for Erlotinib were found to be 0.01ng/ml and 1ng/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method was found to be a simple and the best method for analysing Erlotinib in nanostructured lipid carriers. Chemometric approach was employed as an effective tool for optimising the chromatographic conditions of the proposed method.