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Objective: To investigate maternal perceptions of childhood cancer and strategies for coping in a pediatric unit in Recife, Brazil.Methods: This descriptive exploratory study was conducted using qualitative methods. The reports of 10 patients' mothers were analyzed according to a saturation sampling technique. The investigation was conducted in a pediatric oncology unit of the Instituto Materno-Infantil Professor Fernando Figueira. Fieldwork was carried out from March to May 2006 using observation techniques and recorded interviews to respond to three guiding questions. Content analysis and thematic coding were used, and recurrent themes were extracted from the categories identified.Results: Mothers' ages ranged from 22 to 39 years, and two had only one child. The following themes stood out in the analysis of maternal perceptions of the moment that they were living: attitudes and feelings when the disease was diagnosed; information as support for coping; and social support. Conclusions:Maternal perceptions of childhood cancer revealed a shocking, painful and despairing experience, as well as a sensation of loss that made life meaningless. The sources of family support were individual religious beliefs, family members, healthcare team and friends.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2007;83(6):562-566: Cancer, chronic disease, diagnosis, child, family, social support.

Resumo As tecnologias podem ser promotoras da amamentação. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é identificar as tecnologias em saúde e suas contribuições para a promoção do aleitamento materno. As bases de dados para busca foram: Lilacs, Scopus, Medline e CINAHL, utilizando-se os descritores “aleitamento materno”, “tecnologia” e “promoção da saúde”. A amostra final foi constituída por 24 artigos originais, entre eles foram identificadas 19 tecnologias classificadas em gerenciais, educacionais e assistenciais. As tecnologias educacionais predominaram (12) e apresentaram maiores contribuições para a promoção do aleitamento materno. A combinação entre diferentes tecnologias revelou resultados positivos à manutenção da amamentação. Identifica-se a carência de estudos com uso das tecnologias gerenciais durante o processo da lactação, além do desenvolvimento de outras pesquisas que comprovem os efeitos de cada tecnologia no aumento da prevalência do aleitamento materno.

Objective: to unveil the support to woman/nourisher in the advertisements of the World Breastfeeding Week. Method: This is a descriptive, exploratory, documentary, qualitative study. Since the collection until the analyses of these advertisements, we adopted the methodological steps of Gemma Penn, based on the semiology of Roland Barthes. The results were interpreted by the theory of Social Network of Sanícola and of the fi ve types of support: companionship, emotional, instrumental, informational, and self-supportive. Results: we identifi ed actors of the social network of the woman/nourisher in nine advertisements of the 22 world breastfeeding weeks. In fi ve of them, partner, grandmother, and brother showed emotional and companionship support to breastfeeding. We observed self-support in three posters; instrumental support in one; and informational support in none. Conclusion: the support unraveled in only fi ve advertisements included: emotional, companionship, instrumental, and selfsupportive. In the others, there was no support. The set of supports was not revealed in any of them. Descriptors: Breastfeeding; Social Network; Advertising as Topic; Women; Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: desvendar os apoios da rede social da mulher/nutriz nas peças publicitárias da Semana Mundial da Amamentação. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, documental, qualitativo. Desde a coleta até a análise dessas peças, foram adotados os passos metodológicos de Gemma Penn, fundamentados na semiologia de Roland Barthes. Os resultados foram interpretados pela teoria da Rede Social de Sanícola e dos cinco tipos de apoio: presencial, emocional, instrumental, informativo e autoapoio. Resultados: em nove peças publicitárias das 22 semanas mundiais da amamentação, identifi cou-se/identifi caram-se ator(es) da rede social da mulher/nutriz. Em cinco delas, companheiro, avó e irmão demonstraram apoio emocional e presencial à amamentação. Percebeu-se o autoapoio em três cartazes; o apoio instrumental, em um cartaz; e o apoio informativo, em cartaz algum. Conclusão: os apoios desvendados em apenas cinco peças publicitárias incluíram: emocional, presencial, instrumental e autoapoio. Nas demais, não havia apoio. Em nenhuma delas, o conjunto dos apoios foi revelado. Descritores: Aleitamento Materno; Rede Social; Publicidade como Assunto; Mulheres; Enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo: desvelar los apoyos de la red social de la mujer/nutriz en las piezas publicitarias de la Semana Mundial da Lactancia Materna. Método: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, documental, cualitativo. Desde la reunión hasta el análisis de esas piezas, se adoptaron los pasos metodológicos de Gemma Penn, fundamentados en la semiología de Roland Barthes. Los resultados fueron interpretados por la teoría de la Red Social de Sanícola y de los cinco tipos de apoyo: presencial, emocional, instrumental, informativo y autoapoyo. Resultados: en nueve piezas publicitarias de las 22 semanas mundiales de la lactancia materna, seidentifi có/se identifi caron 56Support to woman/nourishe...

Objectives: to validate an educational video aimed at the adhesion of human papillomavirus vaccination. Methods: a methodological study, where the knowledge about the theme and the technology to be constructed in six focal groups was identified; a theoretical framework was set up and the existing videos were uploaded. After that, pre-production, production and post-production were followed. In validation of content, 22 specialists participated, and in appearance, ten adolescents, ten mothers, ten teachers and ten audiovisual professionals. Absolute frequency, Binomial Test, and Content Validity Index were used. Results: agreement was satisfactory in most items. Regarding relevance, 20 items had indices above 0.80 among judges. Assessment was positive among girls and mothers. Only three items had indices less than 0.80 among teachers and video professionals. Conclusions: the educational video was validated, conferring credibility to contribute to educational actions and improve vaccination indexes.

RESUMO Objetivou-se investigar as tecnologias educativas construídas e/ou utilizadas para promoção da vacinação contra o Papilomavírus Humano. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura, nas bases de dados CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, BDENF e Adolec, utilizando os descritores tecnologia, vacinação, Papilomavírus Humano, tecnologia educacional e educação em saúde. A amostra final foi de 11 artigos originais, publicados em língua inglesa. Destes, seis foram encontrados na PubMed; quatro eram de 2011 e oito foram desenvolvidos nos Estados Unidos. Em mais da metade (6), o nível de evidência foi quatro e, de acordo com o rigor metodológico, quase todos (10) apresentaram nível A. O vídeo foi a tecnologia educativa mais citada (5), além de mensagens de dispositivos eletrônicos, páginas da internet, programa de computador, radionovela e materiais impressos. Futuras pesquisas devem ser desenvolvidas para identificação de tecnologias, visando melhoria da adesão ao esquema vacinal contra o Papilomavírus Humano.

ResumoObjetivo: Identificar vivências, conhecimentos, comportamentos e sentimentos do pai no processo da amamentação.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e qualitativo, realizado com 17 casais moradores de uma favela da cidade de Recife (PE), Nordeste do Brasil, em relação ao aleitamento materno do último filho, com idade entre 6 e 8 meses. A entrevista semi-estruturada, conduzida por questões norteadoras, foi utilizada para coletar as informações. Estas foram investigadas à luz do referencial teórico, da construção histórica, social e cultural da paternidade, através da análise de conteúdo, na modalidade temática.Resultados: Desta análise, emergiram quatro temas: recordações ambíguas/esmaecidas sobre amamentação durante a infância; conhecimento sobre amamentação centrado na saúde da criança, responsabilidade da mulher e economia para o pai; comportamentos apresentados pelo pai durante a sua participação no ciclo grávido-puerperal direcionados à amamentação; e sentimentos entrelaçados de fragilidades ao amamentar. Conclusões:Os conhecimentos e sentimentos presentes na participação do pai na amamentação são produtos da socialização do homem/mulher, centrada no corpo biológico, reforçando que o amamentar pertence apenas à mulher.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(4):357-364: Amamentação, paternidade, sentimentos, parto. AbstractObjective: To identify the experiences, knowledge, behaviors and emotions of fathers with relation to the process of breastfeeding.Methods: This is a descriptive, explorative and qualitative study involving 17 couples resident in a favela in the city of Recife, PE, in the Northeast of Brazil, whose most recent child was aged between 6 and 8 months. A semi-structured interview employing leading questions was used for data collection. These data were analyzed in the light of theoretical references, the historical, social and cultural construction of fatherhood, by means of thematic content analysis.Results: Four themes emerged from this analysis: faint/ ambiguous memories of breastfeeding during childhood; knowledge about breastfeeding is focused on the child's health, mother's responsibility and savings for father; breastfeeding-related behavior of father during his participation in the pregnancy-childcare cycle; and interconnected feelings of fragility when breastfeeding. Conclusions:The knowledge and emotions involved in fathers' participation in breastfeeding are the products of socialization of both men and women, centered on the biological body and reinforcing the belief that breastfeeding is the preserve of women.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84(4):357-364: Breastfeeding, fatherhood, emotions, delivery.

OBJECTIVE: This study identified strategies for promoting breastfeeding involving pregnant women, breastfeeding women and actors of the social support network for the breastfeeding process. METHODS: This qualitative study was guided by action research and the focal group technique to collect data. Focal Group 1 consisted of four pregnant and six breastfeeding women; Focal Group 2 consisted of six family members; and Focal Group 3 consisted of thirteen health professionals. The focal groups were guided by the following questions: What breastfeeding promotion and support actions should be done? How should they be performed? Who should perform them? The conversation sunder went thematic content analysis and were interpreted in the light of Paulo Freire's theoretical constructs: dialogue, ethics and problematization. RESULTS: Four themes were emerged from the conversations: dialogue-based educational actions involving the social support network during the vital cycle; educational actions in schools; educational actions in the media; ongoing counseling at Family Health Units. CONCLUSION: The constructed strategies were centered on dialogue and active listening. Both should be present during the entire vital cycle and in the Family Health Strategy, and involve all actors of the social support network. These strategies may disrupt the unidirectional transmission of the educational practices that promote breastfeeding.