Objective: to analyze prevalence of violence against high school teachers and associated factors in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study using convenience sampling. Data was collected in 2016 in public and private high schools, using a self-administered questionnaire. Prevalence ratios (PR) using Poisson regression and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Results: 279 teachers participated, of whom 54.8% (95%CI 48.8;60.7) reported having suffered at least one type of violence. Verbal insults were most prevalent (39.4%; 95%CI 33.7;45.4), positively associated with public schools (PR=1.45; 95%CI 1.00;2.11) and with schools in the city's Eastern region (PR=1.85; 95%CI 1.17;2.93) and Southern region (PR=1.59; 95%CI 1.05;2.41). Sexual harassment was associated with males (PR=2.38; 95%CI 2.02;2.71). Conclusion: violence against teachers was higher in public schools in poorer outskirt regions and regions with high indicators of urban violence.
Justificativa e Objetivos: Em tempos de escassez de financiamento para pesquisas no Brasil, o estudo transversal ganha importância por suas vantagens. O objetivo é analisar o delineamento de estudo sobre a situação de saúde de estudantes do ensino médio e analisar o currículo escolar quanto à abordagem de promoção de saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 24 escolas de Teresina-PI, das quais 12 públicas e 12 particulares. Os dados foram coletados no primeiro semestre de 2016 de 674 estudantes e 281 professores e dos projetos políticos pedagógicos das escolas. O município foi dividido em quatro áreas geográficas para distribuição das escolas elegíveis ao estudo, que foram organizadas em três portes, de modo a evitar aglomeração da amostra numa mesma área e porte. Seis escolas foram sorteadas para cada área, com uma de cada porte e tipo de gestão (pública e particular). Os dados de alunos e docentes foram coletados por questionários pré-testados. Também foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e de pressão arterial, colheita de sangue periférico e digital dos alunos. Resultados: Após recusa de 11 (1,61%) alunos, 434 alunos de escolas públicas e 240 de escolas particulares participaram do estudo; e 281 docentes. Conclusão: O delineamento transversal e as estratégias utilizadas se mostraram adequadas, gerando dados que permitirão o conhecimento de vários aspectos da situação de saúde de estudantes do ensino médio e da abordagem curricular sobre promoção da saúde nesse nível de ensino. Descritores: Saúde escolar. Estudos transversais. Estudos epidemiológicos.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associated factors in school adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional school-based study with 674 students from public and private schools in Teresina, Piauí, in 2016. Bivariate analysis was performed with the chi-square test and multiple analysis by the Poisson regression model to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: The study participants were mostly female (56.7%), black (77.4%), who lived with their parents (85%), whose mothers had schooling greater than or equal to 8 years of schooling (68.8%), with family income greater than a minimum wage (58.3%), practitioners of some religion (86.8%) and coming from public school (64.7%). The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 7.9%. Higher frequency of suicidal ideation was reported among female students (10.2%). Suicidal ideation was statistically associated with students who reported not living with their parents (adjusted PR = 2.27; 95%CI 1.26–4.10; p < 0.05) and those who reported having suffered sexual violence by other students, teachers or school staff (adjusted PR = 3.40; 95%CI 1.80–6.44; p < 0.05), among which the prevalence of suicidal ideation was more than three times that observed among those who did not mention this type of violence. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of suicidal ideation in school adolescents was associated with female students, who did not live with parents and have been victim of sexual violence at school. We recommend advising the school community and health professionals to identify signs of suicidal behavior, especially in those with suspicion or proof of the occurrence of sexual violence at school.
Article based on the master thesis of LM NASCIMENTO, entitled "Prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular e sua associação com nutrientes em adolescentes". Universidade Federal do Piauí; 2017. Como citar este artigo/How A B S T R A C T ObjectiveThis study aimed at validating the associations between the consumption of antioxidant nutrients as well as lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risks in adolescents. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 327 adolescents aged 14-19 years. Sociodemographic and dietary information, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and biochemical data were obtained. Cardiometabolic risk was calculated by aggregating the risk factors, which were expressed as the sum of Z-scores. Poisson regression was performed to estimate the prevalence ratios. ResultsIn boys, low intake of zinc was associated with elevated total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, whereas it was associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in girls, thus indicating a cardiometabolic risk. Furthermore, low intake of copper was associated with high triglyceride levels and cardiometabolic risk in girls. The high prevalence ratios of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels and cardiometabolic risk were higher in those with low intake of vitamin A. Among girls, associations were also observed between lower intake of vitamin A and high triglyceride levels. Low intake of vitamin C among boys was associated with elevated high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Among girls, the intake of this vitamin was associated with lower low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. In girls, low intake of vitamin E was associated with low low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high total cholesterol levels. ConclusionThe associations between antioxidant micronutrients as well as lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risk emphasize the importance of encouraging the consumption of foods that are rich in these nutrients to modulate lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risk.
Objetivo: Analisar as implicações dos profissionais da Atenção Primária com vistas ao atendimento em saúde à população em situação de rua utilizando, para isto, o referencial teórico-metodológico da Análise Institucional (AI), na perspectiva da análise no papel. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a cinco profissionais que atuam em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, em um município do Piauí. Resultados: Os dados apontam para um entrave ainda presente no imaginário dos profissionais da saúde, que é uma ótica de ações paternalistas e higienistas para a população em situação de rua, embora, indiquem a relevância de um cuidado efetivo, multiprofissional e intersetorial. Identificou-se, ainda, a necessidade de investir em formações permanentes das equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família, discutindo a relevância do atendimento da Pessoa em Situação de Rua na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
A violência é um problema de saúde pública crescente, que traz sérias consequências individuais e sociais. Nesse contexto, destaca-se a prática de bullying relacionado à obesidade. Não é incomum indivíduos considerados obesos sofrerem maior exclusão social e apresentarem quadros de ansiedade, privação e problemas de comportamento alimentar que se agravam com a prática do bullying. O objetivo deste artigo é aprofundar a discussão a respeito das implicações do bullying na saúde mental de adolescentes obesos. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa realizada nas bases eletrônicas: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed); e Scientifc Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Do total de estudos incluídos na revisão final (n = 05), 02 foram realizados no Brasil, 01 no Reino Unido, 01 nos Estados Unidos e 01 na Noruega. Foi possível observar a existência de sentimentos negativos vivenciados por adolescentes obesos, vítimas de bullying, tais como ansiedade, tristeza, angústia e sentimento de exclusão social. Tais achados evidenciam uma certa urgência para o desenvolvimento de ações permanentes de enfrentamento ao bullying e promoção do convívio saudável.
The teaching practice is a complex task which requires planning, zeal for the profession, ethics and commitment. This article aims to report the experience of students at masters level of the Graduate Program in Health and Community of the Federal University of Piauí as teachers in the discipline of Nursing and health care praxis for nurses of the Multiprofessional Residency in Family Health / Primary Care , in the year of 2018, in a Federal University of the coast of Piauí. It focuses also on the experience of students at masters level with the discipline Didactics offered by the Graduate Program in Health and Community. The methodology applied in this study is a qualitative, descriptive study of the type experience report. During the classes taught by the teachers were held group dynamics, the presentation of the course and the evaluation methods, hopscotch, discussion of scientific article, expository presentation of lessons through slides, questioning the content through text, presentation of the ideas box, evaluation of the discipline. The pieces of information from the experience report were collected through the teachers' classes and field diaries. The results of this study showed that the teaching practice requires the search for new teaching methodologies that provide a critical eye at the reality, transforming it. It is understood that, through this experience, the attitude assumed by the teachers was to mediate the learning process, since they instigated the student to "learn to learn", which contributed considerably to the production of knowledge by students and for the teachers.
RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar fatores escolares, sociodemográficos, nutricionais e de percepção corporal e comportamental associados à vitimização por bullying entre estudantes brasileiros com idade de 13 a 17 anos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com base nos dados da amostra 2 da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. A amostra do presente estudo é composta de 10.699 adolescentes de escolas de cada grande região do país. Resultados: A prevalência de vitimização por bullying foi de 6,2%, com maiores chances de vitimização em adolescentes que praticam bullying (razão de chances - OR = 1,91, intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 1,48 - 2,45), com idade de 13 anos (OR = 1,76, IC95% 1,04 - 2,97), que se consideram gordos (OR = 1,45, IC95% 1,06 - 1,98) e não são bem tratados na escola pelos colegas (OR = 2,78, IC95% 2,17 - 3,45). Conclusão: Esforços preventivos que incluam programas de incentivo ao maior suporte social entre os estudantes e a implementação de práticas que reforcem o respeito às diferenças e peculiaridades dos alunos podem contribuir para a redução da vitimização por bullying.
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