This paper focuses on the issue of how translations of legal contents from webpages are received or interpreted within the target legal system. Our hypothesis is that software developers and companies operating in the digital market and offering multilingual contents, which were created originally in English and translated into Spanish, are not only setting the standards for drafting legal texts for publication on the Internet but also coining (or even imposing) equivalents that do not always take into consideration the target legal culture. Indeed, the major IT companies, with their policy of making contracts freely available for downloading, and with the valuable linguistic resources that they produce and distribute, are not only meeting the requirement of keeping their clients informed but are also becoming the new authority on IT terminology and legal translation. The legal texts produced by these companies constitute a multilingual digital corpus of important value for translators and localizers. We assume that translation techniques and equivalences used in the target text satisfy the legal requirements of the consumer's country of residence and are therefore adapted in order to be fully interpreted according to Spanish law. However this is often not the case as is discussed here. ARTICLE HISTORY
En este trabajo nos concentramos en la combinación inglés-español y examinamos los contenidos jurídicos de las páginas web traducidas al español con objeto de individualizar los rasgos conceptuales, estilísticos y terminológicos que presentan. En especial nos interesa analizar la difusión de nuevos conceptos jurídicos y formas de redacción, así como explorar los límites de la aceptabilidad de las traducciones que, por no respetar el genio de la lengua de llegada, vulneran los límites permitidos por las características de hibridación o interferencia consustanciales a toda traducción (Toury, 1995; Monzó 2002, 2005; Borja, 2005). En efecto, los problemas de traducción que se plantean van muy ligados a su posible recepción o interpretación en el ordenamiento jurídico de llegada. Sin embargo, las traducciones denotan mucho más su fidelidad al texto de partida que su deber de información hacia el receptor final. A fin de intentar demostrar esta afirmación presentaremos, en paralelo, algunos ejemplos de las traducciones de documentos digitales al catalán. En un ámbito donde el catalán y el castellano comparten un mismo ordenamiento jurídico, es decir, una misma base conceptual, las diferencias en el plano lingüístico nos permiten analizar si la fidelidad al texto de partida es compatible con el deber de información hacia el destinatario final de la traducción. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que las traducciones de los contenidos jurídicos de las páginas web no toman en consideración el ordenamiento jurídico de la cultura de llegada y que ello puede dar lugar a problemas de interpretación o, cuando menos, de comprensión por parte del receptor final.
In 2010 the first fully online Masters Degree on Translation and Interpreting in the USA was launched, and it included Legal Translation as a subject. The authors of this paper were in charge of designing the contents of this subject, creating the didactic materials to be used and actually teaching the subject. In this paper the authors explain how the curriculum was designed, the criteria developed to create the didactic materials and how it actually worked in a very specific context as is the University of Texas at Brownsville, set next to the border between Mexico and the USA, where most of the students are bilingual and have a background of Mexican and American cultures which create an unique environment of legal cultures mediation.
Interpreting is a phenomenon of such complexity that, particularly in highly specialized fields, such as court interpreting, it is easy to detect errors and omissions made not only by students, but even by experienced professional interpreters. These errors are often attributed to a lack of competence on the part of the interpreter, but they can also arise from the highly specialized nature of the setting in which the task is performed. The present study focuses on the second of these two factors in relation to both transcription and interpretation. It sets out to characterise errors of comprehension that may precede target discourse production in another language due to a particular setting in which much of the dialogic exchange takes place within a closed circuit, in the form of a triangle consisting of the judge, the defence counsel and the prosecution, and from which the defendant (and his or her interpreter) is excluded. To this end, we worked with an oral corpus of recordings of real criminal trial proceedings and the transcripts of those proceedings made by technicians employed and trained by the TIPp project (Translation and Interpreting in Criminal Proceedings), led by Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
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