-Background -Although is complex to identify the factors responsible for the important growth in obesity all over the world, the main causes are increased consumption of energy, highly saturated fats and sugars, and reduced physical activity. Aim -To compare rats with normal and supplemented diet with sucrose in relationship to body mass, weight of gonadal and retroperitoneal fat and Lee index. MethodsForty rats were divided into two groups: 20 in the control group that received normal chow diet and water for three months, and 20 animals in the experimental group who received the same diet but supplemented with sucrose 300 g/l of water. The animals were weighed once a week during 91 days. At scheduled death, they had measured the naso-anal length, body weight and Lee index. After laparotomy, retroperitoneal and gonadal fat were isolated, dried and the percentage of weight in relation to body weight at the date of death was evaluated. Results -There was a statistic significant difference between the 14 th and 78 th day favoring the experiment group indicating that sucrose interferes with weight gain in rats. The average weight was higher in the experimental group in all periods in comparison to initial weight. There was also significant difference in the weight of the gonadal and retroperitoneal fat. There was no significant difference comparing the Lee index. Conclusion -The body mass index was higher in animals treated with diet supplemented with sucrose and had higher gonadal and retroperitoneal fat, but no difference in the Lee index.RESUMO -Racional -Embora seja muito complexo identificar o que levou ao grande crescimento da obesidade, as causas principais são o aumento do consumo de alimentos energéticos e ricos em gorduras saturadas e açucares, e a redução das atividades físicas. Objetivos -Comparar a massa corpórea, o peso da gordura retroperitoneal e gonadal e o índice de Lee em ratos submetidos à dieta normal e à suplementada com sacarose. Métodos -A amostra foi de 40 animais, divididos em dois grupos: 20 do grupo controle que receberam dieta de ração normal e água por três meses e 20 do grupo experimento que receberam a mesma ração suplementada com sacarose 300 g/l na água. Os animais foram pesados uma vez por semana durante 91 dias. Na data da morte foram aferidos o comprimento nasoanal, peso corporal e foi calculado o índice de Lee. Após, foram submetidos à laparotomia e a gordura retroperitoneal e gonadal foram individualizadas, ressecadas e avaliada a porcentagem do peso dela em relação ao corporal na data da morte. Resultados -Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o 14º até o 78º dia, quando comparados os grupos indicando que a sacarose interfere no ganho de peso dos ratos. A média de peso foi maior no grupo experimento em todos os períodos, tendo como referência o peso inicial. Verificou-se diferença significativa a favor do grupo experimento no peso da gordura gonadal e retroperitoneal. Não houve diferença significativa da comparação do índice de Lee. Conclusão -A ...

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic role of multiparametric-MRI (mp-MRI) in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa) eligible for active surveillance (AS) according to Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS) criteria. Patients and Methods: We analyzed prospectively 73 patients with PCa and PRIAS criteria for low-risk disease. All patients fitted criteria for AS but optioned surgery treatment. The mp-MRI was performed to define the likelihood of malignancy according to the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) score (1-5). Patients were divided in 2 groups: non-visible cancer lesion on MRI (PIRADS 2-3) and visible cancer (PIRADS 4-5). Preoperative clinical data (age, body mass index, prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, positive core biopsy, PSA density (PSAD)) and definitive pathological findings (staging, upgrading, unfavorable disease) were compared between groups. PIRADS score was correlated with pathological data to evaluate the prognostic role of mp-MRI; and preoperative variables and definitive pathology (upgrading, upstaging and unfavorable disease) were also assessed. Results: PSAD (p = 0.04) and pathological stage (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with the presence of visible disease. Visible disease was significantly associated with upstaging (p = 0.03). Correlation between PIRADS 5 and unfavorable disease was statistically significant (p = 0.02). The mp-MRI had adequate sensibility in detecting upstaging (92%), intermediate for upgrading (76%) and unfavorable disease (76%). Negative predictive value was higher for upstaging than for upgrading or unfavorable disease (96 vs. 68% and 64%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that PIRADS 5 was a significant predictor of upstaging (p = 0.05, OR 16.12) and unfavorable disease (p = 0.01, OR 6.53). Conclusion: A visible lesion on mp-MRI strongly predicts significant PCa in patients eligible for AS according to PRIAS criteria, based on upstaging and unfavorable disease. We believe that mp-MRI is an important tool and should be added to clinical selection criteria for AS.

PURPOSE: To verify the effect of highly concentrated platelet-rich plasma (hPRP) in the pathways of bone repair using non-critical defects in the calvaria of rabbits. METHODS: The hPRP was produced from collected venous blood of 21 rabbits. Four non-critical defects of 8 mm in diameter were created on the calvaria of each animal. The defects were all treated differently: autogenous particled bone (APB, group 1), autogenous particled bone associated with hPRP (APB + hPRP, group 2), isolated hPRP (group 3), and blood clot (control, group 4). Animals were submitted to euthanasia on the 2nd, 4th and 6th week postoperatively. Histological and histomorphometric analysis were carried through. RESULTS: After two weeks, groups 1 and 2 were in more advanced stage of repair than 3 and 4. At this period, comparing the groups 1 and 2, no significant differences were found between both, which also happened between the groups 3 and 4. However, after four and six weeks, the group 1 showed a more advanced stage of repair among all the other studied groups, while group 2 was in more advanced signs of bone repair than groups 3 and 4. Comparing groups 3 and 4, after four and six weeks, the least advanced stage of bone repair was found to be within group 3. CONCLUSION: The use of a highly concentrated PRP was considered prejudicial to the repair of non-critical defects in the calvaria of rabbits, either in the association of autogenous particled bone, when compared to autogenous particled bone alone, or in its isolated form, when compared to blood clot (control).

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PURPOSE: To investigate the results of the healing process on surgical wounds in the back of Wistar rats using nanocristaline and ionic silver dressing. METHODS: Sixty rats Wistar were submitted to surgical wounds with punch of 8mm in diameter. In 30 animals (groups PN - nanocristaline and AD - control) two surgical wounds were done diametrically opposite on the upper back side. On the right side was used nanocristaline (PN) silver dressing and on the left side, distilled water dressing (AD). On the other group of 30 rats, only one wound was made with the punch, on the right side, and was used ionic silver dressing. So, the groups were divided into three subgroups, according to the day of death (7th, 14th and 21st day). In each of these days the wounds diameter were measured to evaluate the wound contraction. Microscopic data were analyzed using the H&E staining to verify the inflammatory process and neovascularization. The Masson trichrome staining was used to verify the fibrosis. RESULTS: Macroscopically only the subgroup of 21st day showed statistical significance; between the groups AD and PI inflammatory process appeared in the 7th day subgroup in 90% of the cases. In neovascularization there was statistical significance between the groups PN and AD in the subgroup of 7th day. Fibrosis did not show statistical significance in the studied groups. CONCLUSIONS: In relation to wound contraction, PN and PI groups showed better results than the AD group. In regard to histological analysis, H&E staining showed that there was presence of inflammation in all groups, and at the end, the control group (AD) on 7th day, was superior to PN and PI groups. In relationship to fibrosis, no differences were obtained among groups.

Although with histologic aspects favoring the Jatropha, no significant differences concerning to the macroscopic and microscopic aspects were observed among the skin wounds receiving raw extract Jatropha and those that received no treatment in the final evaluation.

Purpose:To evaluate the influence of hypothyroidism in tracheal wound healing process. Methods: A controlled study was designed with 48 male Wistar rats, divided into two groups: study and control groups. In the first one hypothyroidism was surgically induced and 10 weeks after, a tracheal opening followed by suture was performed in both groups, subdivided into 7, 14, and 21 days in accordance with the date of animals death. A laboratorial evaluation was performed to prove the decreased in thyroid function in the study group. Also a macroscopic evaluation through a stablished protocol and a microscopic analysis with Hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius-Red staining methods were done. Results: The laboratorial evaluation certified suppressed thyroid function in the study group. The macroscopic evaluation showed the presence of suture blockade in the study group in all the evaluated days. Microscopic analysis showed a prolongated inflammatory process and less collagen with delay in organization in the study group comparing to control group. All these data were statistic significant. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism had an influence in tracheal wound healing process, promoting delay in the inflammatory and organization processes and diminished tissue collagen quantity. Key words: Wound Healing. Hypothyroidism. Trachea. Rats. RESUMOObjetivo: Investigar a influência que o hipotireoidismo exerce no processo cicatricial da traquéia. Métodos: Estudo controlado, com 48 ratos Wistar machos, divididos em dois grupos, denominados: grupo estudo e grupo controle. No primeiro induziu-se hipotireoidismo cirurgicamente e após 10 semanas, realizou-se nos dois grupos o procedimento de abertura traqueal seguida de sutura. Houve subdivisão destes grupos em 7, 14 e 21 dias, de acordo com a data de morte dos animais. Foi realizada avaliação laboratorial para comprovar o hipotireoidismo no grupo estudo, avaliação macroscópica e microscópica através das colorações de hematoxilina-eosina e Sirius Red. Resultados: A avaliação laboratorial atestou que o grupo estudo encontrava-se em estado de hipotireoidismo. A avaliação macroscópica demonstrou predomínio de bloqueio da sutura no grupo estudo em todos os momentos avaliados. A microscopia comprovou prolongamento da fase inflamatória e diminuição da quantidade total de colágeno bem como atraso na sua organização no grupo estudo em relação ao grupo controle. Todos estes dados apresentaram significância estatística. Conclusão: O hipotireoidismo influencia no processo de cicatrização traqueal prolongando a fase inflamatória, diminuindo a quantidade de colágeno e atrasando sua maturação e organização. Descritores: Cicatrização de Feridas. Hipotireoidismo. Traquéia. Ratos.

RESUMO Introdução:A cicatrização é processo complexo, com diferentes fases. Embora exista grande variedade de plantas medicinais poucas têm sido investigadas com intenção de melhorar a cicatrização de órgãos e tecidos, dentre elas, a Orbignya phalerata (Babaçu). Objetivo: Analisar comparativamente as alterações tensiométricas e histológicas na cicatrização de anastomoses colônicas proporcionadas pelo uso do extrato aquoso do mesocarpo do Babaçu (Orbignya phalerata). Metodos: Utilizaramse 40 ratos Wistar, machos, separados em dois grupos de vinte, denominados grupos controle e experimento, Os ratos de cada grupo foram divididos em dois sub-grupos de 10 animais cada e avaliados no terceiro e sétimo dia de pós-operatório. Realizaram-se colotomia e colorrafia em plano único. Os animais do grupo controle receberam no ato operatório dose única de solução salina isotônica em dose e via de administração semelhantes ao grupo experimento e os do grupo experimento receberam extrato aquoso de Babaçu em dose de 50 mg/kg/peso, concentração de 25 mg/ml por via intraperitoneal. Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: a) avaliação macroscópica da parede e cavidade abdominal; b) avaliação tensiométrica da anastomose (pressão e ruptura); c) características histológicas da anastomose. Resultados: O exame macroscópico evidenciou a presença de aderências em todos os animais, sendo estatisticamente maior no grupo experimento de três dias quando comparados com o grupo controle. Nos animais do grupo de sete dias não houve diferença. Não houve ocorrência de deiscência de anastomose, fístulas, abscessos e/ou hemorragia. Com relação à tensiometria, constatou-se que a média de ruptura dos grupos controle e experimento tanto para os animais do grupo de três dias (25,4 mmHg -14,8 mmHg) quanto para os de sete dias (183 mmHg -175 mmHg), foram iguais, não ocorrendo diferença estatisticamente significante. A análise histológica dos animais do grupo de três dias mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante no grupo experimento em relação ao controle na variável mononuclear, enquanto que, no sétimo dia, houve diferença estatisticamente significante favorável ao grupo experimento em todas as variáveis quando comparadas com o de controle. Conclusão: Ocorreu efeito favorável no uso do extrato aquoso do mesocarpo do Babaçu no processo de cicatrização da anastomose colônica, não havendo diferença significante na avaliação tensiométrica entre os grupos controle e experimento. Descritores: Cicatrização de Feridas. Gorduras Vegetais. Anatomoses Cirúrgicas. Cólon. Ratos Wistar. ABSTRACT Introduction:Healing is a highly complex process with different phases. Because some medicinal plants have antiinflamatory properties, they could influence the wound healing process. There are many species of medicinal plants used for research, among them the Orbignya phalerata (Babassu). Purpose: To analyze, comparatively, the tensiometric and histologic alterations in the healing process of colon anastomosis with the use of aqueous extract of the Babaçu mesocarp. Meth...