Kesambi plant (Schleichera oleosa) is a medicinal plant belongs to family Sapindaceae, commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In Indonesia, kesambi plants can be found in Java and Bali island. The purpose of this study is to extraction and antibacterial activity test of steam bark extract of kesambi against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Extraction was done by maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Antibacerial test using Kirby bauer method by measure inhibition zone. Phytochemical screening shown that n-hexane extract contain triterpenes and steroid compounds. Ethyl acetate extract contain triterpenes, flavonoid, steroid, and fenolic compounds.Methanol extract contain flavonoid, fenolic and triterpenes compounds. Inhibition zone of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts against E. coli and S. aureus at concentration of 5000 µg/mL showed 4.4; 7.9; 4.6 mm and 4.7; 8.9; 4.5 respectively, while amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin as positive control at concentration of 100 µg/mL showed 6.9 and 7.1 mm respectively. Kesambi extract have potential as antibacterial against E. coli and S. aureus.

Two triterpenoid compounds, 3β-hydroxy-Olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1) and 3,19-Dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (2) were isolated from the leaves of Saurauia vulcani Korth. (Actinidiaceae). The chemical structures of compounds 1-2 were elucidated with spectroscopic data (UV, IR, 1 H, 13 C, DEPT 135º, HMQC, HMBC, 1 H-1 H COSY NMR) and MS as well as compared with previously reported spectra data. All the compounds were evaluated for their anti-cholesterol activity by the Liebermann-Burchard (LB) colorimetric assay. Compound 1-2 showed a remarkable anti-cholesterol activity. Most importantly, the raised concentration of 1-2 exhibited a dose-dependent manner. The discoveries of anti-cholesterol compounds 1-2 were first reported.

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Mangrove plant (Sonneratia alba) is easily found in Indonesia and has the potential of being a herb medicine. General phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, and tannin compounds. Mangrove plant variously used in ethnomedicine to treat wounds, diarrhea, and fever disease. Lup-20(29)-en-3β-ol (lupeol) compound is pentacyclic triterpenoid group. Lupeol was isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of mangrove (S. alba). Extraction was done by maceration method using methanol 96% as solvent. Its isolation was carried out by a combination of column chromatography and combination of n-hexana, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvent. The structure was determined by analysis of IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, 2D NMR and MS spectroscopies data, as well as comparison with various reference. The result of antibacterial activity test showed that isolated compound effectively inhibited the growth of these bacterial pathogens with inhibition zone 18 mm for Staphyloccocus aureus, 14 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 13 mm for Escherichia coli. This is the first report of isolation lupeol compound from the leaves of Sonneratia alba of this species and antibacterial activity test against Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli pathogen bacterial.

Pirdot plant(Saurauia vulcani. Kurth)is a plant that grows naturally in a tropical climate. During this decoction pirdot leaves plants are used by the people to treat diabetes disease. The purpose of this study was to isolate triterpenoid compound from ethyl acetate extract of pirdot leaves. The sample extraction was performed by total of maceration method using ethyl acetate as a solvent. The separation and purification of the compound was carried out by column chromatography method followed by stain pattern analysis with thin layer chromatography (TLC). Structure characterization of pure compound was determined using UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT 135º, HMQC, HMBC, 1H-1H COSY and MS spectroscopies including compared with various literatures. Based on the analysis result, the pure isolate obtained was identified as a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, 3-hydroxy acid, 12(13)-en,28-oleanolate acid with the molecular formula C30H48O3. The triterpenoid compound of pentacyclic oleanolic acid is the first reported from the pirdot plant (Saurauia vulcani. Kurth).

Mangrove plant (Sonneratia alba) is easily found in West and North Indonesia. Mangrove plant has the potential of being a herb medicine. Mangrove plant variously used in ethnomedicine to treat various deseases like wounds, diarrhea, and fever. In previously sutudy, leaf extract of mangrove plants reported have anti-cholesterol activity. This plant is widely used to treat various deseases like wounds, diarrhea, and fever. The purpose of this study was to isolate triterpenoid compound from the ethyl acetate fraction of mangrove leaves and anticholesterol activity test. Extraction was done by maceration method using methanol 96% as solvent. Isolation was carried out by column chromatography using a combination of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents. The elucidation of the structure was determined by analysis of IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, 2D-NMR, and MS spectroscopies as well as by comparisons with the literature. Anticholesterol activity test was carried out in vitro. The results showed that triterpenoid compounds (lupeol) were able to reduce cholesterol from concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm are 13.7; 29.4; 49.0; 60,1; 70.2; and 77.0% respectively. Therefore, isolates compound (lupeol) have anti-cholesterol activity.

Discovery of new antibacterial agent to treat oral disease caused by pathogenic oral bacteria is an attracted focus to more pay attention of researcher. The tropical natural product is the promising sources of new bioactive as antibacterial compounds. The epiphyte plant of Sarang Semut (M. pendans) empirically has been used as a drug to treat various diseases. Our previous research found that ethyl acetate extract of Sarang Semut inhibited the bacteria growth of Enterococcus faecalis. This study aims to isolate, structure determination and antibacterial activity evaluation of active compound against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. The isolation by combination chromatography on normal and reverse phase resulted an antibacterial compound 1.

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