The genus Phyllanthus (Phyllantaceae) is widely used in the african system of traditional medicine and is reported to have various biological activities. In this study, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of nhexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Phyllanthus fraternus leaves were investigated. The antimicrobial screening was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruguinosa, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae, using Agar-well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH free radical scavenging capacity. The results show that fractions of Phyllanthus fraternus leaves have DPPH radical scavenging activities with IC50 value of 263.53 mg/mL and 143.56 mg/mL for n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. For n-hexane fraction, the MICs of the extract were; 80 mg/mL against K. pneumoniae and S. aureus,120 mg/mL against P. aeruginosa and S. typhi, and 160 mg/mL against E. Coli. However, ethyl acetate fraction had MICs of 80 mg/mL against all test organisms except S. aureus (40 mg/mL). The nhexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Phyllanthus fraternus leaves exhibited considerable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, with ethyl acetate fraction been the most potent. This plant extract can be regarded as promising resource for antimicrobial and antioxidant drugs.

Kesambi plant (Schleichera oleosa) is a medicinal plant belongs to family Sapindaceae, commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In Indonesia, kesambi plants can be found in Java and Bali island. The purpose of this study is to extraction and antibacterial activity test of steam bark extract of kesambi against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Extraction was done by maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Antibacerial test using Kirby bauer method by measure inhibition zone. Phytochemical screening shown that n-hexane extract contain triterpenes and steroid compounds. Ethyl acetate extract contain triterpenes, flavonoid, steroid, and fenolic compounds.Methanol extract contain flavonoid, fenolic and triterpenes compounds. Inhibition zone of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts against E. coli and S. aureus at concentration of 5000 µg/mL showed 4.4; 7.9; 4.6 mm and 4.7; 8.9; 4.5 respectively, while amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin as positive control at concentration of 100 µg/mL showed 6.9 and 7.1 mm respectively. Kesambi extract have potential as antibacterial against E. coli and S. aureus.

Plasmodium species are the infectious agents that are responsible for malaria, a disease that claims the lives of approximately 400,000 people annually. The fact that drug resistance against malaria is on the rise suggests that new antimalarial compounds need to be discovered. It is well known that medicinal plants present the best opportunity for the identification of novel antimalaria chemicals. Both the Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) and Peperomia pellucida (L. Kunth) species have been tested for their antiplasmodial ability against the Plasmodium falciparum strain. The P. pellucida (L. Kunth) species has also been subjected to in vitro and in vivo biological research. P. pellucida was used to isolate the steroid known as 3-hydroxy-24-ethyl-5,22-cholestadiene (1) and the triterpenoid known as 3-hydroxy-9-lanosta-7,24E-dien-26-oic acid (2). Both compounds were then tested for their activity in vitro. In the mice model, triterpenoid 2 had a substantial chemo-suppressive impact.

The minimum requirement of bioethanol utilization (E100) as a mixture of fuel oil is required as much as 20%, of the total needs in January 2025 as stated in the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources number 12 in 2015. Indonesia is a country that has many potential raw materials for the development of bioethanol as renewable energy, such as sea pandanus plants (Pandanus tectorius) and food industry wastes such as the wheat industry. Sea pandanus plants are commonly found throughout the Indonesian archipelago and are available endemically. While wheat industrial waste is available in industrial areas such as in Banten Province, which has so far not been utilized as a source of biofuels. The purpose of this research is to get bioethanol product from new sources based on natural materials and industrial waste. The stages of research began with raw materials preparation, proximate analysis, gelatinization, liquefaction, pre-saccharification, fermentation, distillation process, and quantitative analysis using instruments. The results showed that the sea pandanus leaf had the potential for bioethanol synthesis with the highest amount of recovery and efficiency were 309 mL and 0.62 mL/g respectively, whereas based on the results of gas chromatography (GC) analysis, the bioethanol product which had the highest purity was from wheat bran waste with a purity level of 97.64%.

Caesalpinia bonducella, known as ‘tombili’ belongs to the family of Fabaceae. Tombili has been empirically used as traditional medicine. In a previous study, phytochemical screening showed that tombili seed contained alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, and tannin compounds. This research aimed to isolate an antioxidant compound from tombili seed extract. Fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as a solvent. All fractions were tested for their antioxidant potential. The ethyl acetate fraction gave a better antioxidant potential (IC50 86.153±4.22 ppm) than it has purified. Characterization of an isolated compound using various spectroscopies data, including UV, FTIR, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and LCMS/MS. The structure of the isolated compound was suggested as 7- (β-DGlucopyranosyloxy) 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (homoplantaginin). The IC50 value

Sabana Kapau adalah salah satu usaha tata boga, rumah makan padang yang berada di Kota Bandung. Berdiri sejak tahun 1983,usaha tata boga ini diawali dengan berjualan nasi Kapau kaki lima dengan menggunakan gerobak. Seiring berjalannya waktu, padatahun 2020 ini Rumah Makan Sabana Kapau sudah memiliki 4 restoran yang berpusat di Jl. Moch. Ramdan no.12. Dalamperkembangannya, usaha ini telah melakukan 3 kali pergantian logo dan logo yang terakhir dibuat kurang menonjolkan identitas visualRumah Makan Sabana Kapau, yaitu memvisualisasikan ukiran Si Kambang Manih dengan harapan nama Rumah Makan Sabana Kapauselalu wangi, usahanya selalu maju dan berkembang. Membuat target pasar lebih luas, akan tetapi hal tersebut tidak didukung denganidentitas visual yang memadai. Berdasarkan fakta lapangan diatas, dibuatlah perancangan identitas visual Rumah Makan Sabana Kapaudengan tujuan menampilkan pesan modern, tegas dan berkembang sesuai dengan identitas Rumah Makan Sabana Kapau dan denganpertimbangan bahwa rumah makan ini belum memiliki identitas visual yang kuat. Identitas visual ini dipadukan dengan ukiran SiKambang Manih dengan tujuan diferensiasi produk dengan kompetitor.

Cholesterol is a metabolite which contains sterol fat, which is important to support cell functions and generate vitamin D, cortisol and reproduction hormones. Higher cholesterol content known as hypercholesterolemia is

This study aims to obtain a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) prototype and a voltaic cell prototype using the kedondong plant (Spondias dulcis Forst). Kedondong leaves as a source of chlorophyll were deliberately chosen to be in line with the use of kedondong fruit as a material for electrochemical cells, so that two research results could be obtained from the kedondong plant. This research is for the application of scientific development, increasing the added value of kedondong plant, and as support for the use of environmentally friendly energy. Research methods in general are chlorophyll extraction, citric acid isolation, chlorophyll testing, DSSC assembly, electrochemical cell assembly, and performance testing for both DSSC and electrochemical cells. The analysis results show that typical peaks appear for the functional groups in chlorophyll at certain wave numbers. Hydroxyl (-OH) groups appear in the range of 3650 - 3200 cm-1, the C=C group at 1700 - 1500 cm-1, the C-N group at 1350 - 1000 cm-1, and the C-O group at 1300 - 1000 cm-1. Quantitative testing used a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 645 nm and 633 nm, the results obtained were chlorophyll a was 4.52 mg/L, chlorophyll b was 8.43 mg/L, and total chlorophyll was 12.95 mg/L. The DSSC prototype performance test with a size of only 2.5 cm2, can produce a minimum voltage of 30.1 mV and a maximum of 280 mV. The electrochemical test of kedondong citric acid extract showed that the value of the electric voltage ranged from 121 to 630 mV. Keywords: Kedondong, Chlorophyll, DSSC, Citric acid, Electrochemical cells