Antimicrobial and Free Radical Scavenging Potentials of N-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fractions of <i>Phyllanthus Fraternus</i>

Abstract

The genus Phyllanthus (Phyllantaceae) is widely used in the african system of traditional medicine and is reported to have various biological activities. In this study, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of nhexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Phyllanthus fraternus leaves were investigated. The antimicrobial screening was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruguinosa, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae, using Agar-well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH free radical scavenging capacity. The results show that fractions of Phyllanthus fraternus leaves have DPPH radical scavenging activities with IC50 value of 263.53 mg/mL and 143.56 mg/mL for n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. For n-hexane fraction, the MICs of the extract were; 80 mg/mL against K. pneumoniae and S. aureus,120 mg/mL against P. aeruginosa and S. typhi, and 160 mg/mL against E. Coli. However, ethyl acetate fraction had MICs of 80 mg/mL against all test organisms except S. aureus (40 mg/mL). The nhexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Phyllanthus fraternus leaves exhibited considerable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, with ethyl acetate fraction been the most potent. This plant extract can be regarded as promising resource for antimicrobial and antioxidant drugs.

Phytochemicals and phyto-disinfectant properties of citrus species (Citrus limon, Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus sinensis) for pond water purification

“…Citrus sinensis also produced considerable decontamination of the microbial load from the stream water, However, the stem and seed material significantly (p<0.05) reduced the amount of the bacteria count but could not attend complete elimination, even at the highest doses (0.5 g/l) (Table 3). This finding reflect increased concentration of antimicrobial agent as the treatment dose increased, this is in line with the findings of Yusuf et al, [38], Tsado et al, [39], Ibrahim et al, [40], who reported that increased in concentration of plant material resulted in corresponding decreased in bacterial load. This finding is in line with the previous studies that reported that Citrus sinensis, Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus limon showed a very good antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. typhi, B. subtilis, K. pnemonia and S. aureus [41].…”

In Vitro Antioxidants, Antimicrobials and Biochemical Response of Methanol Leaf Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis following Sub-Acute Administration to Rats

“…There are many reports that support the use of antioxidant supplement in reducing the level of oxidative stress and in preventing the development of complication associated with disease [36,22]. In this study the methanol leaves extract of Eucalyptus calmaldulensis exhibited antioxidant property as confirmed by DPPH antioxidant assay.…”

Antimicrobial Activity of N-Hexane Extract of Nigella Sativa against Some Pathogenic Bacteria

“…Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of an extract that inhibit the visible growth of the test organism after 24hrs incubation [31][32][33]. The low MIC value (1.28) obtained for both S. aureus and S. pyogenes indicate that small quantity of the extract is needed to inhibit both organisms.…”