Two field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of previous cultivation of an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) host plant and manure application on the concentration of 19 mineral elements in soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Tsurumusume) seeds. Each experiment ran for two years (experiment 1 took place in 2007-2008, and experiment 2 took place in 2008-2009) with a split plot design. Soybeans were cultivated after growing either an AM host plant (maize, Zea mays L. cv. New dental) or a non-AM host plant (buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. cv. Kitawase-soba) in the first year in the main plots, with manure application (0 and 20 t/ha) during the soybean season in split plots from both main plots. On the basis of the two experiments, manure application significantly increased the available potassium (K) and decreased the available iron (Fe) and cesium (Cs) in the soil. However, higher concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and barium (Ba) and lower concentrations of Cs in the seed were induced by the application of manure. Cd levels in the seed were decreased by prior cultivation with the AM host plant. The present study showed that the identity of the prior crop and manure application changed the mineral contents of the soybean seed and suggests a connection between environmental factors and food safety.
<p>Abstrak<br />Produk susu bubuk dan susu kental manis merupakan produk turunan susu, yang banyak dikonsumsi khususnya balita. Kementerian Perindustrian berencana memberlakukan wajib SNI 01-2970-2006, Susu bubuk dan SNI 01-2971-1998, Susu kental manis dalam regulasi teknis pada tahun 2013-2014 untuk melindungi masyarakat dari masalah keamanan pangan dan kesehatan. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa kesiapan pemberlakuan wajib SNI susu bubuk dan susu kental manis dari aspek ketersediaan standar, perdagangan produk (ekspor-impor), infrastruktur penilaian kesesuaian dan efisiensi produksi produk. Diperoleh hasil bahwa ketersediaan standar masih kurang, industri pengolahan susu baik susu bubuk dan susu kental manis masih besar ketergantungan terhadap bahan baku susu impor (perdagangan masih negatif) dan infrastruktur masih kurang memadai sehingga efisiensi masih rendah. Program pengembangan standar nasional untuk produk susu perlu ditingkatkan dan dilengkapi untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk olahan susu dengan mengadopsi dari standar internasional atau standar nasional negara lain dan harus mempertimbangkan kondisi dan kebutuhan masyarakat di Indonesia. Pengembangan lembaga penilaian kesesuaian perlu disesuaikan dengan arah kebijakan pemerintah diselaraskan dengan daerah pengembangan sentra susu dan industri dalam menunjang penerapan pemberlakuan wajib SNI susu bubuk dan susu kental manis di Indonesia.<br />Kata Kunci: susu bubuk, susu kental manis, Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).</p><p><br />Abstract<br />Powder Milk and condensed milk are derivative products, which are widely consume, especially by toddlers. Ministry of industry has plans to impose mandatory SNI 01-2970-2006, Powder Milk and SNI 01-2971-1998, Sweetened condensed milk in Technical Regulations 2013-2014 to protect the public from food safety and health issues. The purpose of this study is to analyze the readiness of implementation of mandatory SNI powder milk and condensed milk from availability of related standards, import-export trade, conformity assessment infrastructure and the efficiency of production. The results obtained indicate that the availability of related standards are deficient, dairy processing industries (for powder milk and sweetened condensed milk) have great dependency on imports of raw milk (negative trading), and the infrastructure is inadequate; as a result the efficiency is low. Development program of national standards for dairy products needs to be improved and equipped to improve the quality of dairy products by adopting international standards or national standards of other countries and should take into consideration the conditions and market needs in Indonesia. Development of conformity assessment bodies need to be adapted to the direction of government policy, is aligned with regional development centers and industrial milk in supporting the implementation of the implementation of mandatory SNI milk powder and SNI sweetened condensed milk in Indonesia.<br />Keywords: milk powder, condensed milk, National Indonesian Standard (SNI).</p>
Harmonisasi standar dan regulasi untuk sektor industri otomotif menjadi jawaban terhadap globalisasi industri otomotif untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan menjamin mutu produk. Dalam forum APEC dan ASEAN, negara anggota sepakat untuk melakukan adopsi regulasi otomotif sesuai dengan regulasi UNECE. Ketersediaan SNI, LPK dan kesiapan industri otomotif dalam menghadapi regulasi UNECE yang prioritas menjadi tujuan penelitian ini melalui studi pustaka dan survei lapangan (8 kota). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Expert Judgment dalam menentukan regulasi UNECE yang akan diteliti dan analisis dekriptif dalam mengolah data dalam kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan pelaku usaha sektor otomotif terkait ASEAN MRA 19 regulasi UNECE (tahap 1) masih rendah (14%). Selain itu terdapat juga 39 SNI sektor otomotif yang mempunyai acuan yang tidak update (terkini) dan usianya lebih dari 10 tahun, sehingga perlu dikaji ulang untuk direvisi. Dari 19 regulasi UNECE yang telah dibedah ternyata terdapat 119 buah Standar Internasional, Standar Regional dan Standar Nasional negara lain yang diusulkan untuk diadopsi sebagai standar mendukung ASEAN MRA sektor otomotif. Laboratorium Uji yang terkait dengan 19 regulasi UNECE juga masih minim sehingga perlu pengembangan Laboratorium Uji untuk mendukung peningkatan daya saing produk Indonesia di luar negeri. Kata kunci: regulasi UNECE, SNI, lembaga penilaian kesesuaian, industri otomotif.
Abstract. A smart city is a city development concept based on the principles of information technology so that the management of all resources runs effectively and efficiently. One of the concepts of implementing smart cities that have been developed is through the application of the SNI ISO 37122: 2019 standard. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the smart city concept is expected to play a role in increasing the effectiveness of implementing health protocols in urban environments. The purpose of this preliminary research is to analyze smart city indicators in the SNI ISO 37122 standard which are directly related to preventing the spread of the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and literature study. To link the smart city indicator and the Covid-19 pandemic health protocol, the Cause-and-Effect Analysis (CEA) method and brainstorming using expert judgment were used. Based on the results of the analysis of 19 sectors contained in the standard, there are 11 sectors and 21 indicators that have roles in limiting the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia.
Benih kelapa sawit merupakan elemen yang sangat penting dalam menentukan hasil produksi tanaman kelapa sawit. Penggunaan benih sawit berkualitas (unggul) akan memberikan produktifitas yang maksmimal. Namun, hingga saat ini masih banyak penggunaan benih kelapa sawit ilegitim (tidak berkualitas) khususnya pada pekebun di perkebunan rakyat. Standardisasi merupakan cara yang tepat dalam rangka penyediaan dan penjaminan benih sawit unggul melalui penentuan kriteria yang ketat dalam proses seleksi hingga jaminan sifat dan kualitas dari benih yang ditanam. Sebagai tahap awal dan dasar pengembangan standar diperlukan identifikasi tahapan krusial dalam rantai pasok benih kelapa sawit hingga ke tangan konsumen. Maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis titik kritis terhadap penjaminan kualitas benih kelapa sawit di Indonesia dalam rangka memberikan jaminan tersedianya benih kelapa sawit berkualitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksploratif secara kualitatif untuk memperoleh data dan informasi terkait titik kritis pada rantai proses penyediaan benih kelapa sawit dari para responden yang terdiri dari produsen, penangkar, Pemerintah dan ahli (expert) dalam bidang benih kelapa sawit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 (lima) titik kritis dalam penjaminan kualitas benih kelapa sawit di Indonesia, yaitu proses produksi khususnya pada tahapan polinasi, proses pembibitan (pembesaran), proses sertifikasi, proses pengawasan, dan pengetahuan dari pekebun khususnya pada perkebunan rakyat terhadap pentingnya penggunaan benih kelapa sawit berkualitas. Kelima titik kritis tersebut direkomendasikan sebagai dasar dalam pengembangan standar nasional dalam penjaminan benih kelapa sawit yang berkualitas demi terwujudnya program Pemerintah dalam peningkatan produktifitas perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia.
Planning of technical regulation must be done taken carefully to avoid incidence of negative impact for growth of climate is effort and the healthy emulation. There is indication in market a lot of circulating product become militant bone of concrete disagree with standard. From survey of field as a whole mount accomplishment of sample become militant bone of concrete to conditions of SNI 07-2052-2002 still be very low (1,8 %) so that need correction of denoting of standard, technical regulation and its mechanism, observation of pre-market and market and distribution.
Assuring halal status of animal-based foods is an ongoing challenge in Indonesia. An adequate halal food supply will make it easier for the people to obtain halal-certified foods that contain animal products. The government must reach an agreement on quality infrastructure for its supply chain, considering that basic foodstuffs are the essential ingredients for all edible derivatives. One major obstacle in implementing halal assurance for the consumer is the presence of carrion meat (raw or processed) in the market. The testing standards for the authentication of carrion meat are currently not a priority for either cattle or poultry. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify important procedures that some experts have carried out for the detection or testing of carrion meat. The information and data collected and analysed may provide potential technical parameters for detecting carrion meat. This review used a descriptive exploratory method and the forum group discussion. As a preliminary result, 14 potential technical parameters were obtained and tested with further verification and evaluation. The technical parameters studied included malachite green-H2O2, correlated protein with meat texture, peroxiredoxin-6, blood biochemistry, blood pH, capacitance value, meat colour, Warner-Bratzler shear force, blood loss variation, meat quality, water holding capacity (WHC), resistance value, E. coli load, and coliform load. The proposed parameters will be discussed by the technical committee by consensus when submitted to the national standard draft.
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