BACKGROUND: The product development of an anti-aging dosage for human skin is a very interesting issue because every human wants to be looked young as long as possible. A studies and development of plant that contain of antioxidant properties need to be studied further. AIM: The aim of this research was to formulate and evaluate the physical and anti-aging effect of the Peel-Off Gel Mask from Red Bean Ethanol Extract (PGMRB). METHODS: The Extract Ethanol of Red Bean was extracted by maceration methods with ethanol 96%. The Peel-off base was consisted of Polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin and carbomer 940. The gel formulation was made in 3 formulas (F1, F2, and F3) consisted with 1%, 3% and 5% ethanol extract, respectively. The blank formula (F0) was also prepared as a control formula. The evaluation of gel formulation included organoleptic test, pH determination, stability test, homogeneity test, peeling time, irritation test and anti-aging effect test included moisture level, skin pore size, the evenness test and dark spot test by using skin analyzer. RESULTS: All of the formula showed a homogen, pH around 6, peeling time less than 20 minutes, no irritation and stable for 12 weeks storage at room temperature. The treatment with PGMRB demonstrated an improvement on the moisture level, pore size, evenness and the number of black spots with F3 containing 5% extract as the best formula. CONCLUSION: The ethanol extract of red bean can be formulated become a peel-off gel mask and having the anti-aging effect.

Nanoemulsion technology has been widely developed and applied on natural extract to enhance bioavailability and drug effects. The tread plant (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) is commonly known in traditional medicine for lowering blood sugar levels. This study aimed to make and characterize nanoemulsion of tread leaf extract as antihyperglycemic using sesame oil and olive oil as carriers. Nanoemulsion formulations were made using ethanol extract of tread leaves, and additives such as Tween 80, isopropyl myristate in varying ratios and some of vegetable oils. The nanoemulsion was physically evaluated tests including the pH, the type of emulsion, homogeneity and size distribution which measured by the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Antihyperglycemic testing was carried out on 4 groups of male mice (5 mice/ group) induced with glucose and treated with extract, nanoemulsion, and distilled water. The results showed that the nanoemulsion preparation had a pH of 6.4 to 6.5; o/w type of emulsion and it was stable on storage for 1 month. The particle size distribution of the nanoemulsion was 85.8% with size <500 nm. Nanoemulsion could reduce the blood glucose levels in mice to normal level after 60 minutes. It also showed the decreae for 43-46% of the blood glucose level after 2 hours. The Nanoemulsion of tread leaf extract has a faster ability and a greater percentage in reducing blood glucose levels compared to extract and control. Keywords: Nanoemulsion, Catharanthus roseus, sesame oil, olive oil, Antihyperglikemic

Objective: The study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract of Curanga fel-terrae leaves (EECFL) against acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction of the ACh-muscarinic-3 receptor. Materials and Methods:The study of the inhibitory effect of the ethanolic extract on the contraction by ACh concentration series (10 −8 -10 −3 M) was conducted in vitro using isolated guinea pig tracheal organ in the Krebs solution.Results: Early incubation of tracheal organ with EECFL (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/ml) before contracted by the series of ACh concentration produces the decrease of ACh contraction. The concentration series of ACh sigmoid curve rightward shift without decreasing the maximal contraction. The results of double-reciprocal plot of ACh shows the mean value of the 1/y-intercept of each extract was not different with the control. Conclusion:The EECFL showed competitive antagonist effect on ACh-muscarinic-3 receptors.

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This paper proposes a Proportional-Integral (PI) control voltage tracking of Bridgeless Power Factor Correction (BPFC) Cuk converter.  In order to investigate the behaviour of different output voltages during overshoot, steady state and step response, P.I controller is designed to set the -42 V, -48 V, -54 V output voltages. The simulation results show that the proposed PI controller able to control the output voltage and achieve fast steady state and step response of BPFC Cuk converter.  When the value of output voltage increase, the overshoot voltage will become higher but the steady state respond will be faster. Furthermore, BPFC Cuk converter with P.I controller have low output voltage ripples.

This research aimed to find out the students learning styles, the English achievement, and the correlation between students’ learning styles and English achievement of the second-semester students of University of Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur. The design of this study was quantitative research with a correlation design. The sample of the study was 56 students. The instruments of the study were the questionnaire of students’ learning styles and English achievement test. In order to make data become linear one, the researcher converted those data into Z-score and then correlated the converted data using correlate bivariate. The result of the study showed that the mean score of students’ learning styles was 50, that means fair. There were 21 students (38%) preferred visual learning styles, 15 (27%) of students preferred reading learning styles, 13 (23%) students preferred kinesthetic learning styles, 4 (7%) students preferred auditory learning styles and 3 (5%) preferred used two learning styles. Thus, the mean score of students’ English achievement was 50, that means fair. On the other word, there was a significant correlation between students’ learning styles and English achievement. Based on the finding above, it is suggested to language learner to be familiar with their learning styles so that they can benefit the strength of styles and manipulate the weakness of styles. For language teacher, they may take learners style into account for the sake of different learning strategies and ways in carrying out the lesson in the classroom so that they can promote learner’s need.

ABSTRAKMeningkatnya jumlah sampah botol plastik sekarang ini telah membawa banyak masalah kesehatan dan lingkungan hidup. Masalah tersebut dapat dikurangi jika seseorang mau membawa botol minum (tumbler) sendiri. Namun, dibutuhkan mesin penjual air mineral untuk mengisi ulang tumbler. Paper ini menjelaskan disain dan implementasi prototipe mesin penjual air mineral otomatis, praktis, dan ekonomis berbasis Arduino Mega 2560 dan RFID-RC522. Pengujian terhadap prototipe ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap: (1) pengujian jarak baca antara kartu RFID dengan RFID reader, (2) pengujian pada kondisi ideal, dan (3) pengujian pada kondisi tidak ideal. Dari pengujian pertama disimpulkan bahwa RFID-RC522 dapat melakukan pembacaan optimal pada jarak 35 mm. Dari hasil pengujian kedua diperoleh nilai akurasi (keakuratan) pada saat pengisian air sebesar 82%. Sedangkan hasil pengujian ketiga menyatakan bahwa prototipe dapat membaca kemungkinan yang terjadi pada kondisi tidak ideal. Kelemahan dari prototipe ini adalah belum terintegrasi dengan sistem pembayaran uang elektronik (e-money).Kata kunci: Arduino Mega 2560, Mikrokontroller, RFID-RC522, Sampah Plastik. ABSTRACTThe increasing amount of plastic bottle waste today has brought many health and environmental problems. These problem can be minimized when someone brings their own drinking bottle water. But, vending machine-like was needed to refill the tumbler. This paper explains a design implementation of prototype that can provide an automatic, practical, and economical mineral water filling based on Arduino Mega 2560 and RFID-RC522. Testing on this prototype was carried out in three stages: (1) testing of the reading distance between the RFID card and the RFID reader, (2) testing under ideal conditions, and (3) testing under non-ideal conditions. From the first test summarized that the RFID-RC522 can perform optimal readings at a distance of 35 mm. From the second test obtained the accuracy of the prototype when filling water by 82%. And the third test shows that the prototype could read the possibilities occurred in non-ideal conditions. The drawback of this prototype is not yet integrated with e-money payment system.Keywords: Arduino Mega 2560, Microcontroller, RFID-RC522, Plastic Waste.

The objective of this study was to develop a formulation for propofol injection at various concentrations (1 and 2%) using palm oil-based nanoemulsion as the carrier. The nanoemulsions were characterised by globule size distribution (Dv 90 value), zeta potential, pH and viscosity determination. The physicochemical stability and accelerated stability of the formulations were also evaluated. Stability studies were performed for 6 months at 4, 16, 25 and 40 o C storage temperatures. The propofol content was analysed by HPLC study. The characterisation result of propofol nanoemulsion 1 and 2% showed good globule size distributions in Dv 90 values of 284 ± 1.15 nm and 304 ± 1.20 nm and also stable zeta potential values of-43.37 ± 0.96 mV and-40.97 ± 1.36 mV, respectively. Accelerated test showed that the formulations have excellent stability with no physical changes observed after centrifugation, autoclaving at 121 o C for 15 mins, shaking for 12 hours and thermal cycling test. The stability studies indicated that propofol emulsion show good stability for 6 months when stored at 4 ± 1 o C and 16 ± 1 o C based on Dv 90 values, zeta potential, and pH readings. No changes in propofol concentrations were observed after 6 months storage. Overall, propofol in palm oil-based nanoemulsions as carrier was found to be stable and can be used as an alternative anaesthetic injection.