The tested laser-activated solder was as effective as sutures when used as a patch and superior to sutures for clear corneal incisions in this animal ex vivo model.

The exposure of human skin to near-infiared radiation is numerically simulated using coupled laser, thermal transport and mass transport numerical models. The computer model LATIS is applied in both one-dimensional and two-dimensional geometries. Zones within the skin model are comprised of a topical solder, epidermis, dermis, and fatty tissue. Each skin zone is assigned initial optical, thermal and water density properties consistent with values listed in the literature. The optical properties of each zone (ie. scattering, absorption and anisotropy coefficients) are modeled as a kinetic function of the temperature. Finally, the water content in each zone is computed from water diffusion where water losses are accounted for by evaporative losses at the air-solder interface. The simulation results show that the inclusion of water transport and evaporative losses in the model are necessary to match experimental observations. Dynamic temperature and damage distributions are presented for the skin simulations. P

Further development of this technology is warranted.

We have developed a low-temperature optical-fiber-based two-color infrared thermometer. A single 700-mum-bore hollow glass optical fiber collects and transmits radiation that is then modulated and split into two paths by a reflective optical chopper. Two different thermoelectrically cooled mid-infrared HgCdZnTe photoconductors monitor the chopped signals that are recovered with lock-in amplification. With the two previously obtained blackbody calibration equations, a computer algorithm calculates the true temperature and emissivity of a target in real time, taking into account reflection of the ambient radiation field from the target surface. The small numerical aperture of the hollow glass fiber and the fast response of the detectors, together with the two-color principle, permit high spatial and temporal resolution while allowing the user to dynamically alter the fiber-to-target distance.

No abstract

Chlorpromazine, I, and chlorpromazine hydrochloride, II, have been studied in the solid state with pulsed NMR techniques. The relaxation times, TV, Tlp, and T1D, and second moments, M2, have been measured from 98 K to the melting point of the solid. Methyl reorientation was observed in both compounds with activation barriers of 2.5 and 2.0 kcal/mol, respectively. The onset of a second motion in I is observed in the high temperature region with an activation barrier of 3.9 kcal/mol. The M2 transition associated with this motion is very large, which suggests that it involves motion of the aminopropyl chain. The motion is attributed to the fact that the chain configuration is trans-gauche and a model for the motion is discussed. A phase transition occurs in II in the high temperature region.

These values are similar to the 200-500 g/cm2 acute strengths reported for sutured or stapled peritoneal closure. Mesh fixation by solder is feasible, and further development of this technology is warranted.

Collagen-based tissue soldering permits normal wound healing and may mitigate use of staples. Further development of this strategy is warranted.