Sustainable development has been the main agenda for Indonesia’s development at both the national and regional levels. Along with laws concerning the national development plan and regional development that mandate a sustainable development framework, the government has issued President Regulation No. 59/2017 on the implementation of sustainable development goals. The issuance of these recent regulatory frameworks indicates that sustainable development should be taken seriously in development processes. Nevertheless, several factors affect the achievement of sustainable development. This paper investigates how economic, social, and environmental factors could be integrated into regional sustainable development indicators using a new composite index. The index is calculated based on a simple formula that could be useful for practical implementation at the policy level. Three measures of indices are developed: arithmetic, geometric, and entropy-based. The indices are aggregated to be used for comparison purposes among regions in terms of their sustainability performance. Lessons learned are then drawn for policy analysis and several recommendations are provided to address challenges in the implementation stages.
Poverty is a level of life that below the minimum standard of living needs. The dominant factors that influence the emergence of poverty include education, income, location, limited access to health, finance and public services. Poverty is also one of the crucial issues in West Bandung Regency, where West Bandung Regency has the highest poverty rate compared to surrounding areas such as Bandung City, Bandung Regency, and Cimahi City. The purposes of this study are to analyze the pattern of spatial poverty distribution in general (Moran Index) and in each village (2) Analyze the factors that influence poverty in West Bandung Regency, which are carried out in 165 villages. The results of this study state that there was a positive spatial autocorrelation of 0,464173 which indicated the existence of a link between the poor population in each village and the pattern of poverty that clustered. The LISA test showed the poverty level of the population was clustered into four poverty clusters, namely 17 villages that were in the high-high criteria, 31 villages in the low-low criteria, 5 villages in the low-high criteria and 1 village in the high-low criteria . The factors that influenced poverty in West Bandung Regency were population, education level, village fund allocation, number of groceries, and village funds, while the village index builds, the distance of villages to the capital and the number of people using National electrical corporate (PLN) were not significant to reduce poverty.
This paper investigates the impact of instrumented aggregate social capital on welfare (proxy with per capita household expenditure) among rural households in Indonesia. The research has found three instrumental variable, including participation of household in religious activity, participation of household in sport activity, and the number of social organizations in rural areas to solve the endogeneity problem. Using a model two stage least squares (2SLS), the study focus on the issue whether ownership of the aggregate social capital help household to increase per capita expenditure. The result indicates that aggregate social capital affects the welfare status positively and significantly. Further, the results show that the estimate of the instrumented aggregate social capital from the 2SLS model is higher than OLS model. To enhance social capital and increase welfare, we suggest government agencies should facilitate the participation of households in community activities and increase the number and activities of social organizations in rural areas.
Rural-urban migration is a common demographic phenomenon in developing countries. Over the last four decades, Indonesia has had the highest rate of urbanization among Asian countries, which has been driven primarily by rural-urban migration. This type of migration has strong economic and social impacts on individuals at both the origins and the destinations. The study analyses the patterns and impacts of rural-urban migration based on the migration motives of rural households. The difference-in-differences approach is applied to identify migration's impact on the welfare of migrant households in rural areas based on migration motives. The study uses Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data from 2007 and 2014, which consists of 2007 household samples spread over 13 provinces. Migration is found to have a positive and significant impact on migrant household welfare based on investment motives, but an insignificant result regarding the impact of migration based on risk-coping motives. Also found is the difference in migration patterns between the two migration motives.
Perikanan tangkap di Indonesia memiliki peran strategis, namun dalam pelaksanaannya tidak terlepas dari kompleksitasnya pemasalahan yang dihadapi. Ancaman terhadap keberlanjutan sumber daya ikan dan kapasitas pelaku usaha menjadi perhatian utama dalam mewujudkan perikanan tangkap berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan unutk mengkaji kondisi pembangunan perikanan tangkap yang telah dilaksanakan di Indonesia, yang difokuskan pada pada dua aspek utama, yaitu komoditas utama perikanan tangkap tuna, tongkol dan cakalang (TTC) dan pelakunya serta bagaimana strategi keberlanjutannya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mencoba merumuskan indikator prioritas yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keberlanjutan pembangunan perikanan tangkap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi dan untuk mengetahui prioritas indikator digunakan pendekatan metode urgency, seriousness and growth (USG). Hasil kajian memberikan gambaran bahwa manfaat dari perikanan tangkap di Indonesia belum merata dirasakan. Struktur perikanan tangkap di Indonesia masih didominasi nelayan skala kecil dan berpengaruh terhadap produksi komoditas utama (TTC), Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUUF) menjadi ancaman terbesar bagi keberlanjutan perikanan tangkap. Kondisi sumber daya ikan dan perikanan skala kecil menjadi indikator prioritas utama untuk mengukur keberhasilan perikanan tangkap yang berkelanjutan, sehingga kedepannya diperlukan perbaikan terhadap pengelolaan perikanan yang dapat ditempuh melalui pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan berbasis WPP melalui penguatan kelembagaan dan dukungan sarana prasarana. Title: Capture Fisheries in Indonesia: Portraits and Challenges of SustainabilityCapture fisheriy in Indonesia has a strategic role, though its implementation encounter such a complex problem. The threat on the sustainability of fish resources and fisher capacity are the major concern in creating sustainable capture fisheries. This study aims to examine the condition of capture fisheries development in Indonesia that focused on two main aspects: (1) the main commodities of tuna, little tuna and skipjack (TTC) and its fishers, and (2) the strategy for its sustainability. In addition, this study tries to formulate priority indicators to measure the sustainability of capture fisheries development. The research used content analysis method as well as Urgency, Seriousness and Growth (USG) method to determine priority indicators. Results of the study showed that the benefits of capture fisheries in Indonesia are not evenly distributed. Small-scale fishers dominate the structure of capture fisheries in Indonesia and affect the production of major commodities (TTC). In addition, Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUUF) is the biggest threat to the sustainability of capture fisheries. The condition of fish resources and small-scale fishers is a top priority indicator to measure the success of sustainable capture fisheries, so it is necessary to improve future fisheries management based on WPP through institutional strengthening and infrastructure support.
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